6330-51-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF N-SUBSTITUTED FORMAMIDES
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Page 10, (2008/06/13)
N-Aryl- or N-heteroarylformamides are prepared by hydrogenating a corresponding nitroarene or nitroheteroarene with formic acid and/or ammonium formate as hydrogen donor and formylating agent in the presence of at least one noble metal-based hydrogenation catalyst and a vanadium or molybdenum compound as co-catalyst.
Ketones to amides via a formal Beckmann rearrangement in 'one pot': A solvent-free reaction promoted by anhydrous oxalic acid. Possible analogy with the Schmidt reaction
Chandrasekhar, Sosale,Gopalaiah, Kovuru
, p. 7437 - 7439 (2007/10/03)
A variety of ketones can be directly converted into the secondary amides expected from a Beckmann rearrangement of the corresponding oximes in high yield, by heating them with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and anhydrous oxalic acid at ~100°C for 4-12 h. (Aromatic aldehydes afforded mixtures of nitrile and amide.) The transformation is apparently (kinetically) driven by the coupled decomposition of oxalic acid (to CO+CO2) via the fragmentation of an intermediate oxime mono-oxalate. However, an alternative pathway, mechanistically analogous to the Schmidt reaction, is not only equally likely but may well be general for the Beckmann rearrangement.
Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes on solid metaboric acid: A simple and effective procedure
Chandrasekhar, Sosale,Gopalaiah, Kovuru
, p. 2455 - 2457 (2007/10/03)
When ketoximes admixed with solid metaboric acid (formed from boric acid at 100°C/0.1 Torr) are heated (~140°C/7-42 h), the corresponding amides or lactams are produced in excellent yields (62-92%) via the Beckmann reaction. Aromatic aldoximes undergo both dehydration to the nitrile as well as (non-stereospecific) rearrangement under the above conditions. The absence of solvent, and the mildness and low toxicity of boric acid, characterise the present procedure.
