64407-07-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis method of 3-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile
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Paragraph 0009-0012, (2019/12/25)
The invention discloses a synthesis method of 3-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile. The synthesis method comprises the following steps that (1) 20 mL of m-dimethylbenzene is taken and placed in a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is heated to 130-135 DEG C, a
LiCl-mediated preparation of highly functionalized benzylic zinc chlorides
Metzger, Albrecht,Schade, Matthias A.,Knochel, Paul
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1107 - 1110 (2009/04/06)
In the presence of zinc dust (1.5-2.0 equiv) and LiCI(1.5-2.0 equiv), various benzylic chlorides bearing functional groups (iodide, cyanide, ester, ketone) are smoothly converted at 25°C to the corresponding zinc reagents without homo-coupling (≤5%). The utility of these benzylic zinc reagents is demonstrated by a short synthesis of papaverine.
Reaction of PbO2 with Solutions of Methylbenzonitriles
Kol'tsov,Salfetnikova
, p. 389 - 393 (2007/10/03)
The yield of products formed by low-temperature oxidation of methylbenzonitriles with PbO2 in fluorosulfonic acid solutions was studied in relation to the stabilization factor of the reaction system. The revealed correlation is common for methylbenzonitriles differing in the degree of alkylation and in the oxidation mechanism.
Azetidine derivatives, their preparation and medicaments containing them
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention concerns compounds of formula (1) wherein: R represents a chain (A) or (B); R1 is methyl or ethyl; R2 is either an optionally substituted aromatic or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic ring; R3 and R4, identical or different, are either an optionally substituted aromatic or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic ring; R′ represents a hydrogen atom or a —CO—alk radical, their optical isomers, their salts, their preparation and medicines containing them.
Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds. V. Oxidation of Substituted Benzonitriles and 2,4,6-Triaryl-1,3,5-Triazines in System HSO3F-PbO2
Rudenko,Salfetnikova,Vasil'ev
, p. 1447 - 1470 (2007/10/03)
Low-temperature oxidation of substituted benzonitriles by the system HSO3F-PbO2 proceeds with intermediate formation of cation-radicals and leads to substitution of hydrogen atoms of the methyl group or benzene ring. This reaction provides a route for preparation of chloromethylsubstituted benzonitriles, diarylmethanes, diaryls, arylfluorosulfonates and substituted benzamides with cyano groups. In the case of methyl derivatives of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine substitution of the first and then the second hydrogen atom of the same methyl group transforms it into hydroxy or chloromethyl group, or into the aldehyde function.
THE ESR SPECTRA, STRUCTURE, AND REACTIVITY OF AROMATIC RADICAL-CATIONS IN SUPERACIDS
Rudenko, A. P.
, p. 1946 - 1980 (2007/10/03)
The oxidation of aromatic compounds by lead dioxide in superacids based on fluorosulfonic acid at -75 deg C takes place by a one-electron mechanism and leads in many cases to relatively stable radical-cations.The ESR spectra, the isotropic hyperfine coupling constants, data on the reactivity of the radical-cations, and the structures of the final products from their transformations under "long-life" conditions are presented.
Polar Radicals. 14. On the Mechanism of Trialkylstannane Reductions. Positive ρ Values for the Tri-n-butylstannane Reduction of Benzyl Halides. A Correlation with ?-
Blackburn, Edward V.,Tanner, Dennis D.
, p. 692 - 697 (2007/10/02)
The relative reactivities towards reduction by tri-n-butylstannane of a series of substituted benzyl halides have been determined.The order of reactivity was shown to be I > Br > Cl, the same as that reported for alkyl halide reductions.Under the reaction conditions (90 deg C, benzene as solvent, benzoyl peroxide initiation), both aralkyl and alkyl fluorides were shown to be completely unreactive.Activation energies were estimated for the direct abstraction of halogen by tri-n-butyl radicals, and on the basis of these estimates all of the halogens would be predicted to readily undergo abstraction.To explain the non-reactivity of the fluorides several other mechanisms were considered: reversible tin radical addition to the halogen to form an intermediate with an expanded octet, and a free radical chain mechanism involving an electron-transfer reaction between the trialkyltin radical and the benzyl halide. The benzyl halide reductions showed excellent Hammett correlations with positive ρ values; all of these correlations were obtained using ?- substituent constants.The demonstration (the first ever reported) that ?- substituent constants correlate with the relative reactivities for reduction infers that bond breaking takes place in the transition state for the reaction.The magnitudes of the ρ values were not found, as were expected, to be in the inverse order of the relative reactivities: ρ for the iodides (+0.81), for the bromides (+0.17), and for the chlorides (+0.34).To explain the anomalously high value of ρ found for the iodide reduction, it was suggested that the benzyl iodides underwent reduction by a different mechanism than the chlorides and the bromides.The relative rates of reduction of the benzyl iodides in a more polar solvent than benzene, acetonitrile, showed decreased sensitivity to substituents, whereas the reduction of the bromides and chlorides was relatively insensitive to solvent effects.
