66684-57-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
1,2,5-trifluoro-3-nitrobenzene is utilized as a key intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, contributing to the development of new drugs and medicines. Its unique chemical structure allows for the creation of a variety of medicinal compounds with potential therapeutic applications.
Used in Agrochemical Industry:
In the agrochemical sector, 1,2,5-trifluoro-3-nitrobenzene is employed as an intermediate for the production of various agrochemicals. Its properties make it suitable for the synthesis of compounds used in crop protection and pest management, thereby supporting agricultural productivity.
Used in Dye Industry:
1,2,5-trifluoro-3-nitrobenzene is also used as an intermediate in the dye industry, where it aids in the production of a range of dyes with specific color characteristics. Its presence in dye formulations contributes to the vibrancy and stability of the colors in various applications, including textiles and plastics.
Used as a Solvent in Industrial Processes:
1,2,5-trifluoro-3-nitrobenzene serves as a solvent in several industrial processes due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances. Its solvent properties are harnessed in applications that require specific chemical reactions or the formation of particular product characteristics.
Safety Considerations:
Given its classification as a hazardous substance, 1,2,5-trifluoro-3-nitrobenzene demands careful handling to mitigate potential health and environmental risks. Adherence to proper safety protocols is essential when working with this chemical to ensure minimal exposure and to safeguard both individuals and the environment.

InChI:InChI=1/C6H2F3NO2/c7-3-1-4(8)6(9)5(2-3)10(11)12/h1-2H

Upstream product

• 367-23-7 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene 
• 617-86-7 triethylsilane 
• 5580-79-0 2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-1-nitrobenzene 
• 366-50-7 N-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)acetamide 
• 361-39-7 3,4,6-trifluoro-2-nitro-aniline 
• 880-78-4 pentafluoronitrobenzen 

Downstream Products

• 363-80-4 2,3,5-trifluoro aniline 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Copper-catalyzed hydrodefluorination of fluoroarenes by copper hydride intermediates

Breaking bad: Efficient copper-catalyzed C-F bond activation has been achieved by replacing fluorine with hydrogen. A copper hydride is proposed as the active intermediate, which proceeds through a nucleophilic attack on the fluorocarbon, as determined by experimental and theoretical results (see structure; C gray, H white, Cu light red, F light blue; distances in ?).

π-π Interaction assisted hydrodefluorination of perfluoroarenes by gold hydride: A case of synergistic effect on C-F bond activation

Synergistic effect is prevalent in natural metalloenzymes in activating small molecules, and the success has inspired the development of artificial catalysts capable of unprecedented organic transformations. In this work, we found that the attractive π-π interaction between organic additives (as electron-donors) and the perfluorinated arenes (as electron acceptors) is effective in gold hydride catalyzed activation of C-F bonds, specifically hydrodefluorination (HDF) of perfluoroarenes catalyzed by the Sadighi's gold hydrides [(NHC)AuH] (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene). Although a weak interaction between [(NHC)AuH] and perfluoroarenes was observed from 1H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopies, low reactivity of [(NHC)AuH] toward HDF was found. In contrast, in the presence of p-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), the HDF of perfluoroarenes with silanes can be efficiently catalyzed by [(NHC)AuH], resulting in mainly the para-hydrodefluorinated products with up to 90% yield and 9 turnovers. The yield of the reaction increases with the more electron-withdrawing groups and degree of fluorination on the arenes, and the HDF reaction also tolerates different function groups (such as formyl, alkynyl, ketone, ester, and carboxylate groups), without reduction or hydrogenation of these function groups. To reveal the role of DMAP in the reactions, the possible π-π interaction between DMAP and perfluoroarenes was suggested by UV-vis spectral titrations, 1H NMR spectroscopic studies, and DFT calculations. Moreover, 1H and 19F-NMR studies show that this π-π interaction promotes hydrogen transfer from [(NHC)AuH] to pyridyl N atom, resulting in C-F bond cleavage. The interpretation of π-π interaction assisted C-F activation is supported by the reduced activation barriers in the presence of DMAP (31.6 kcal/mol) than that in the absence of DMAP (40.8 kcal/mol) for this reaction. An analysis of the charge distribution and transition state geometries indicate that this HDF process is controlled by the π-π interaction between DMAP and perfluoroarenes, accompanied with the changes of partial atomic charges.

Catalytic C-F bond activation of perfluoroarenes by tricoordinated gold(I) complexes

We report the first example of gold catalyzing C-F bond activation for perfluoroarenes in the presence of silanes. Tricoordinated gold(I) complexes supported by Xantphos-type ligands, such as Xantphos and tBuXantphos ligands, exhibit efficacy in the hydrodefluorination (HDF) of various types of perfluoroarenes. For [tBuXantphosAu(AuCl2)], the highest turnover number is up to 1000 in the HDF of pentafluoronitrobenzene with diphenylsilane. An examination of functional group tolerance shows the orthogonality of this gold(I) catalytic protocol to ketone, ester, carboxylate, alkynyl, alkenyl and amide groups, suggesting its potential application in chemoselective C-F activations. Mechanistic studies show that the equilibrium between tetracoordinated [L2Au]+ and [LAu]+ is important for the reactivity of gold catalysts, which is dependent on the sterically bulky group of Xantphos-type ligands. Furthermore, computational studies for the possible reaction pathways suggest that direct oxidative addition of C-F bonds by gold(I) cation might be the key step during these catalytic reactions. Copyright

Nitration of Strongly Deactivated Aromatics with Superacidic Mixed Nitric-Triflatoboric Acid (HNO3/2CF3SO3H-B(O3SCF3)3)

The nitration of various deactivated arenes (including methanesulfonyl-, nitro-, and polyhalobenzenes) was carried out in good yield with mixed nitric-triflatoboric superacid.For example pentafluorobenzene gave pentafluoronitrobenzene in 99percent yield, nitrobenzene to m-dinitrobenzene in 92percent selectivity with 85percent overall yield, and methyl phenyl sulfone gave only the m-nitro isomer in 78percent isolated yield.Thus the new nitrating system gives high regioselectivity and yields under generally mild reaction conditions.The reagent system is compatible with many functional groups of arenes.