683-70-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Oxidative decarboxylation of levulinic acid by silver(I)/persulfate
Gong, Yan,Lin, Lu
scheme or table, p. 2714 - 2725 (2011/05/08)
The oxidative decarboxylation of levulinic acid (LA) by silver(I)/persulfate [Ag(I)/S2O82-] has been investigated in this paper. The effects of buffer solution, initial pH value, time and temperature and dosages of Ag(I)/S2O8 2- on the decarboxylation of LA were examined in batch experiments and a reaction scheme was proposed on basis of the reaction process. The experimental results showed that a solution of NaOH-KH2PO4 was comparatively suitable for the LA decarboxylation reaction by silver(I)/persulfate. Under optimum conditions (temperature 160 °C, pH 5.0, and time 0.5 h), the rate of LA conversion in NaOH-KH2PO4 solutions with an initial concentration of 0.01 mol LA reached 70.2%, 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) was the single product in the gas phase and the resulted molar yield reached 44.2%.
Halogen Epoxides, 3. Reactions of 2-Chloro- and 2,3-Dichlorooxiranes with Silver Tetrafluoroborate: Synthesis of α-Fluorinated Carbonyl Compounds
Griesbaum, Karl,Keul, Helmut,Kibar, Riza,Pfeffer, Bernd,Spraul, Manfred
, p. 1858 - 1870 (2007/10/02)
Reactions of chlorinated oxiranes with silver tetrafluoroborate in ether have been investigated.Substituted-2-chlorooxiranes (4a - e) afforded the corresponding α-fluorocarbonyl compounds (7a - e) as major products and the isomeric α-chlorocarbonyl compounds (8a - e) as minor products.Substituted 2,3-dichlorooxiranes (10, 14, 20, 24) yielded the isomeric α,α-dichloroketones (13, 19, 22, 26b, 29b) as well as the corresponding α-chloro-α-fluoroketones (12, 17, 21, 26a, 29a) and α,β-unsaturated α-chloroketones (18, 23, 27, 30).The course of the reaction was rationalized.Similar reaction with α-chloroketones and with α,α-dichloroketones succeeded only at substrates (8b, 35) in which the chlorine substituents were in benzylic positions.
