68631-49-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Solid-phase synthetic method and application of polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer
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Paragraph 0051-0053, (2017/08/31)
The invention discloses a solid-phase synthetic method and application of a polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer. According to the solid-phase synthetic method and the application, the problems of an existing polybrominated diphenyl ether synthetic method that the reaction time is long, the reagent corrosivity is large, the postprocessing is complicated, and special equipment is required in the prior arts are solved. The solid-phase synthetic method has the beneficial effects that by utilizing a method of synthesizing polybrominated diphenyl ether through catalysis of solid superacid under a grinding condition, strong-base and strong-acid liquid reagents are not used, the safety is high, and the cleanness and the environmental protection are achieved; the synthesis time is 10-30 minutes, and compared with an ''iodonium salt-coupling two-step reaction method'', the reaction time is greatly shortened. According to the technical scheme, the solid-phase synthetic method comprises the step of enabling bromophenol to generate dehydration coupling reaction under the catalysis of solid superacid, so as to obtain the polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer.
Residues of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in honeys from different geographic regions
Wang, Jun,Kliks, Michael M.,Jun, Soojin,Li, Qing X.
experimental part, p. 3495 - 3501 (2011/07/07)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of widely used flame-retardants. Fifty honey samples labeled as being from different countries and regions were analyzed for 27 PBDE congeners. The concentrations of the 26 PBDEs, excluding BDE-209, ranged from 300 to 10,550 pg/g while the concentrations of BDE-209 ranged from nondetected to 9,260 pg/g. The honey samples labeled as originating In developed countries generally displayed higher concentrations of the total 27 PBDEs than those labeled as being from developing countries. Concentrations of 26 PBDEs ranged from 2,720 to 10,550 pg/g in honeys originating in developed countries and ranged from 1,030 to 3,470 pg/g in those from developing countries. BDE-209 was a dominant PBDE congener in all honey samples, on average accounting for 16% and 65% of the total 27 PBDEs in honeys from developed and developing countries, respectively. Honeys originating in developing countries, however, showed much higher BDE-209 levels and higher ratios of BDE-209 relative to the other PBDE congeners. In addition, some highly brominated PBDE congeners such as BDE196, -197, -206, and -207 showed elevated concentrations in honeys from developing countries. The findings were in agreement with the long, heavy historical uses of PBDE products in developed countries and the current, heavy uses of BDE-209 in developing countries. When BDE-209 was fortified in honey and incubated in the dark for four weeks at 25 or 60 °C, BDE-153, -183, -206, and -207 were detected as debromination products of BDE-209. Less brominated congeners in honeys may primarily come from the environment. Debromination of BDE-209 is also a source of less brominated congeners in honeys. The detection of PBDEs in honeys suggests that human exposure to PBDEs occurs as a result of honey consumption. 2010 American Chemical Society.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers - Unlabelled and Radiolabelled Tetra,- Penta- and Hexa-bromodiphenyl Ethers
Oern, Ulrika,Eriksson, Lars,Jakobsson, Eva,Bergman, Ake
, p. 802 - 807 (2007/10/03)
Diphenyl ether, 3-bromodiphenyl ether and 3,3'-dibromodiphenyl ether have been synthesized via coupling of the appropriate phenol and bromobenzene.Each of these compounds was subsequently brominated to (i) 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, (ii) 2,2'3,4,
