6925-97-9

Upstream product

• 18402-61-4 ethyl 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-trimethylsiloxypropanoate 
• 555-16-8 4-nitrobenzaldehdye 
• 141-78-6 ethyl acetate 
• 129505-18-6 dimethylsilanyl-acetic acid ethyl ester 
• 18295-66-4 1-ethoxy-1-(trimethylsiloxy)ethene 
• 4071-88-9 trimethylsilanyl-acetic acid ethyl ester 
• 1071-46-1 hydrogen ethyl malonate 
• 5764-82-9 bromo(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)zinc 
• 90564-32-2 3-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoic acid 
• 1663-61-2 triethoxymethylbenzene 

Downstream Products

• 1027987-33-2 C₁₉H₂₈N₃O₇P 
• 838841-77-3 butyric acid 2-ethoxycarbonyl-1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ethyl ester 
• 1202576-82-6 ethyl 3-ethoxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propionate 
• 1202575-31-2 3-{4-[(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)amino]phenyl}-3-ethoxy propionic acid 
• 1202576-83-7 ethyl 3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-ethoxypropionate 
• 1202576-84-8 ethyl 3-{4-[(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)amino]phenyl}-3-ethoxypropionate 
• 90564-32-2 3-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

One-pot enol silane formation-Mukaiyama aldol reactions: Crossed aldehyde-aldehyde coupling, thioester substrates, and reactions in ester solvents

Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) and a trialkylamine base promote both in situ enol silane/silyl ketene acetal formation and Mukaiyama aldol addition reactions between a variety of reaction partners in a single reaction flask. Isolation of the required enol silane or silyl ketene acetal is not necessary. For example, crossed aldol reactions between α-disubstituted aldehydes and non-enolizable aldehydes yield β-hydroxy aldehydes in good yield. In a related reaction, the common laboratory solvent ethyl acetate functions as both an enolate precursor and a green reaction solvent. When thioesters are employed as enolate precursors, high yields for additions to non-enolizable aldehydes are routinely observed.

Carbene-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Nitrobenzyl Bromide and Nitroalkene via the Single-Electron-Transfer (SET) Process and Formal 1,4-Addition

A carbene-catalyzed reductive 1,4-addition of nitrobenzyl bromides to nitroalkenes is disclosed. The reaction proceeds via a carbene-enabled single-electron-transfer process that generates radicals as key intermediates. The present study expands the potentials of carbene catalysis and offers unusual transformations for common substrates in organic synthesis.

SELECTIVE CARBON-CARBON BOND CLEAVAGE BY EARTH ABUNDANT VANADIUM COMPOUNDS UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT PHOTOCATALYSIS

Provided herein a vanadium(V) complex of formula I, where R1 to R8 are as defined herein. Also provided herein are reactions making use of the vanadium(V) complex of formula I, such as selective sp3-sp3 carbon-carbon bond cleavage under visible light photocatalysis and photodegradation of lignin.

Evaluation of a new protocol for enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of 3-hydroxy-3-(aryl)propanoic acids

The application of tandem metal-enzyme dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) is a powerful tool for the manufacture of high-value chemical commodities. A new protocol of kinetic resolution based on irreversible enzymatic esterification of carboxylic acids with orthoesters was introduced to obtain optically active β-hydroxy esters. This procedure was combined with metal catalyzed racemization of the target substrate providing both (R) and (S) enantiomers of ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoate with a high yield of 89% at 40°C. A substantial influence of the enzyme type, organic co-solvent, and metal catalyst on the conversion and enantioselectivity of the enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution was noted.

Optimization of 3-aryl-3-ethoxypropanoic acids and discovery of the potent GPR40 agonist DS-1558

GPR40 agonists stimulate insulin secretion only under the presence of high glucose concentration. Based on this mechanism, GPR40 agonists are believed to be promising novel insulin secretagogues with low risk of hypoglycemia. The optimizations of 3-aryl-3-ethoxypropanoic acids were performed to improve in vitro activity. We discovered compound 29r (DS-1558), (3S)-3-ethoxy-3-(4-{[(1R)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]oxy}phenyl)propanoic acid, which was confirmed to have an enhancing effect on glucose-dependent insulin secretion after intravenous glucose injection in SD rats.

A rapid and diverse construction of 6-substituted-5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2- pyrones through double Reformatsky reaction

A rapid and diverse synthesis of biologically important 6-substituted-5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrones through a double Reformatsky reaction of aldehydes to δ-hydroxy-β-ketoesters followed by lactonization is described. Due to the high functional group tolerance and reaction site discrimination between aldehyde, nitrile, and ester groups in the substrate, the protocol can provide the dihydropyrones with bromo, nitro, carboxylic acid, and β-ketoester groups, which are suitable for the further derivatizations. Furthermore, the protocol has been successfully applied to the rapid total synthesis of naturally occurring Yangonin.

N-heterocyclic carbene mediated Reformatsky reaction of aldehydes with a-trimethylsilylcarbonyl compounds

N-Heterocyclic carbenes have been employed as highly efficient organocatalysts to mediate silyl-Reformatsky type reaction. In the presence of only 0.5 mol % nucleophilic carbene 1, various aldehydes coupled with α-trimethylsilylethylacetate very smoothly in DMF at room temperature to provide the corresponding β-hydroxyesters in moderate to high yields. α-Trimethylsilylketone and α-trimethylsilylamide can also undergo the addition reaction to give β-hydroxyketone and b-hydroxyamide in moderate yields.

CARBOXYLIC ACID COMPOUND

To find a therapeutic agent and/or a preventive agent for diabetes mellitus or the like having excellent activity and safety. A compound represented by the following general formula (I), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. In the formula, X re

Environmentally benign metal-free decarboxylative aldol and Mannich reactions

Aiming at the development of green and efficient C-C bond formations (aldol and Mannich reactions), the decarboxylative nucleophilic addition of malonic acid half ester to imines or aldehydes under mild metal-free conditions was studied. A careful control of the temperature and the appropriate choice of the organic base allowed us to obtain β-amino esters or β-hydroxy esters including α-substituted and α,α-disubstituted ones in moderate to excellent yields. 1H NMR monitoring of the reaction unveiled two distinct mechanisms depending on the hemimalonate used. With the unsubstituted substrate, a carboxylic acid intermediate was isolated upon acid quench resulting from the nucleophilic addition of the putative enol carboxylate anion of the hemimalonate to imines/aldehydes before CO2 loss. With substituted hemimalonates, the reaction likely involved an enolate which then added to imines/aldehydes or was competitively protonated. According to the base used, the reaction can be carried out either under solvent free-conditions or in an ionic liquid under mild conditions.

P(i-PrNCH2CH2)3N: Efficient catalyst for synthesizing β-hydroxyesters and α,β-unsaturated esters using α-trimethylsilylethylacetate (TMSEA)

(Chemical Equation Presented) We present an efficient synthesis of β-hydroxyesters and R,β-unsaturated esters via activation of the silicon-carbon bond of α-trimethylsilylethylacetate using catalytic amounts of the commercially available P(i-PrNCH2CH2) 3N 1a. Selectivity for either of these two products can be achieved simply by altering the catalyst loading and reaction temperature to afford addition or stereoselective condensation. This method is mild and tolerates a wide array of functional groups.