69668-17-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Metal-free direct alkylation of unfunctionalized allylic/benzylic sp3 C-H bonds: Via photoredox induced radical cation deprotonation
Zhou, Rong,Liu, Haiwang,Tao, Hairong,Yu, Xingjian,Wu, Jie
, p. 4654 - 4659 (2017)
Despite notable recent efforts, a catalytic and convenient strategy for the direct alkylation of unactivated allylic or benzylic sp3 C-H bonds remains a formidable challenge facing the synthesis community. We herein report an unprecedented allylic/benzylic alkylation using only an organo-photoredox catalyst, which enables coupling of a broad scope of alkenes/arenes and electron-deficient alkenes in an atom-and redox-economic manner. A photoredox induced alkene/arene radical cation deprotonation is proposed to smoothly generate the key allylic and benzylic radical intermediates. It represents the first C-C bond formation via radical cation deprotonation under visible light conditions. The resulting products can be easily scaled up and directly converted to γ,δ-unsaturated or α,β-diaryl-acids,-esters,-amides,-pyrazoles,-isoxazoles, as well as lactones, which enables this mild and selective sp3 C-H alkylation to rapidly access complex bioactive molecules.
AZABICYCLO AND DIAZEPINE DERIVATIVES FOR TREATING OCULAR DISORDERS
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Page/Page column 58, (2019/05/22)
The present invention provides in one aspect azabicycio and diazepine derivatives useful as modulators of muscarinic receptors. In another aspect, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating ocular diseases, the compositions comprising at least one muscarinic receptor modulator. Formulae (I) & (II):
