70470-05-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Direct hydrogenation of biobased carboxylic acids mediated by a nitrogen-centered tridentate phosphine ligand
Deng, Li,Kang, Bin,Englert, Ulli,Klankermayer, Jürgen,Palkovits, Regina
, p. 177 - 180 (2016)
A novel nitrogen-centered tridentate ligand was identified from a series of multidentate ligands and applied for the direct hydrogenation of 9 biogenic acids into alcohols, lactones and esters with high yields. Comparison of substrates and ruthenium precursors suggested that the RuII hydride cationic species was more active to transform acids than the corresponding lactone or esters.
Synthesis and olfactory evaluation of optically active β-alkyl substituted γ-lactones and whiskey lactone analogues
Kato, Daiki,Kawasaki, Masashi,Morita, Yuko,Okada, Takuya,Tanaka, Yasuo,Toyooka, Naoki
, (2020/02/22)
Optically active β-alkyl substituted γ-lactones and whiskey lactone analogues were synthesized, and the odor properties were evaluated. During the preparation of the chiral intermediates, we found good reaction conditions for the highly enantioselective esterification of 3-arylmethyl-2-methyl-1-propanols to kinetically resolve them. The results of the olfactory evaluations of the synthesized lactones revealed that the alkyl groups on the γ-lactone rings played an important role for the odor profiles.
Regioselective Hydrogenation of Itaconic Acid to Γ-Isovalerolactone by Transition-Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts
Gowda, Ravikumar R.,Chen, Eugene Y.-X.
, p. 973 - 977 (2019/02/06)
Current methods for hydrogenation of bio-derived itaconic acid (IA) lead to a mixture of isomeric lactone products. Transition-metal nanoparticles (TM-NPs), in situ-generated through thermolysis of TM(0) (Ru, Fe, W, Cr) carbonyls, in particular Ru-NPs, were found to catalyze regioselective hydrogenation of IA by syngas (2 H2/CO) into γ-isovalerolactone (GiVL) in approximately 70 % isolated yield. Key sustainability features of this new route include: a one-pot direct transformation of bio-renewable IA into value-added GiVL selectively, use of inexpensive and renewable syngas in aqueous solution, and development of a supported recyclable NP catalyst system, Al2O3-Ru-NPs.
METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES
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Paragraph 0050; 0052; 0053; 0054; 0055, (2018/02/06)
A method for the reduction organic molecules comprising a Ruthenium-Triphosphine complex with aromatic ligands at the phosphors which are ortho or meta substituted.
METHODS OF FORMING DIOL COMPOUNDS
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Paragraph 0115, (2017/11/06)
Methods of forming a C4 to C7 diol compound, the methods including a first step of reacting a C4 to C7 dicarboxylic acid with hydrogen (H2) gas on a first heterogeneous catalyst at a first temperature and a first pressure to form a C4 to C7 lactone; and a subsequent step of reacting the lactone with hydrogen (H2) gas on a second heterogeneous catalyst at a second temperature and a second pressure, wherein the second temperature is lower than the first temperature. Also disclosed are methods of forming a solvent, the methods including reacting a C4 to C7 dicarboxylic acid with hydrogen (H2) gas on a first heterogeneous catalyst at a first temperature and a first pressure to form a solvent. Further disclosed herein are methods that include reacting mevalonolactone with hydrogen (H2) gas on a second heterogeneous catalyst at a second temperature and a second pressure to form a diol compound.
A sustainable process for the production of 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol by hydrogenation of biomass-derived itaconic acid
Liu, Xiaoran,Wang, Xicheng,Liu, Qiang,Xu, Guoqiang,Li, Xuemin,Mu, Xindong
, p. 88 - 93 (2016/07/06)
Pd-ReOx/C catalysts with different Re contents were prepared and employed to catalyze the aqueous hydrogenation of itaconic acid in this study. The Pd-ReOx/C catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, NH3-TPD and H2-TPR. Results showed that the addition of ReOx species in supported Pd catalysts promoted the direct conversion of itaconic acid to 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol. The promoting effect was ascribed to the interaction between Pd and ReOx species, as has been proved by the characterizations. A 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol yield of above 80% could be obtained over Pd-3ReOx/C under the reaction condition of 180 °C, 4 MPa H2.
Branched Diol Monomers from the Sequential Hydrogenation of Renewable Carboxylic Acids
Spanjers, Charles S.,Schneiderman, Deborah K.,Wang, Jay Z.,Wang, Jingyu,Hillmyer, Marc A.,Zhang, Kechun,Dauenhauer, Paul J.
, p. 3031 - 3035 (2016/10/11)
A prominent challenge in replacing petrochemical polymers with bioderived alternatives is the efficient transformation of biomass into useful monomers. In this work, we demonstrate a practical process for the synthesis of multifunctional alcohols from five- and six-carbon acids using heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous media. Design of this process was guided by thermodynamic calculations, which indicate the need for two sequential high-pressure hydrogenations: one, reduction of the acid to a lactone at high temperature; two, further reduction of the lactone to the corresponding diol or triol at low temperature. For example, the conversion of mesaconic acid into (α or β)-methyl-γ-butyrolactone was achieved with 95 % selectivity at a turnover frequency of 1.2 min?1 over Pd/C at 240 °C. Subsequent conversion of (α or β)-methyl-γ-butyrolactone into 2-methyl-1,4-butanediol was achieved with a yield of 80 % with Ru/C at 100 °C. This process is an efficient method for the production of lactones, diols, and triols, all valuable monomers for the synthesis of bioderived branched polyesters.
Efficient and Selective Cu/Nitroxyl-Catalyzed Methods for Aerobic Oxidative Lactonization of Diols
Xie, Xiaomin,Stahl, Shannon S.
supporting information, p. 3767 - 3770 (2015/04/14)
Cu/nitroxyl catalysts have been identified that promote highly efficient and selective aerobic oxidative lactonization of diols under mild reaction conditions using ambient air as the oxidant. The chemo- and regioselectivity of the reaction may be tuned by changing the identity of the nitroxyl cocatalyst. A Cu/ABNO catalyst system (ABNO = 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-N-oxyl) shows excellent reactivity with symmetrical diols and hindered unsymmetrical diols, whereas a Cu/TEMPO catalyst system (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyl-N-oxyl) displays excellent chemo- and regioselectivity for the oxidation of less hindered unsymmetrical diols. These catalyst systems are compatible with all classes of alcohols (benzylic, allylic, aliphatic), mediate efficient lactonization of 1,4-, 1,5-, and some 1,6-diols, and tolerate diverse functional groups, including alkenes, heterocycles, and other heteroatom-containing groups.
Aqueous-phase hydrogenation of biomass-derived itaconic acid to methyl-γ-butyrolactone over Pd/C catalysts: Effect of pretreatments of active carbon
Li, Sha,Wang, Xicheng,Liu, Xiaoran,Xu, Guoqiang,Han, Sheng,Mu, Xindong
, p. 92 - 96 (2015/07/27)
The effect of active carbon pretreatment on the catalytic performance of Pd/C catalysts in the hydrogenation of itaconic acid was studied. The catalysts were prepared by deposition-precipitation and characterized by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, TEM and F
Dehydrogenative lactonization of diols in aqueous media catalyzed by a water-soluble iridium complex bearing a functional bipyridine ligand
Fujita, Ken-Ichi,Ito, Wataru,Yamaguchi, Ryohei
, p. 109 - 112 (2014/01/23)
A new catalytic system for the dehydrogenative lactonization of a variety of benzylic and aliphatic diols in aqueous media was developed. By using a water-soluble, dicationic iridium catalyst bearing 6,6′-dihydroxy-2, 2′-bipyridine as a functional ligand, highly atom economical and environmentally benign synthesis of various lactones was achieved in good to excellent yields. Recovery and reuse of the catalyst were also accomplished by a simple phase separation and the recovered catalyst maintained its high activity at least until the fifth run. Copyright
