723284-81-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Iridium-catalysed C-H borylation of β-aryl-aminopropionic acids
MacDonald, Simon J. F.,Nortcliffe, Andrew,Robinson, Henry,Simelis, Klemensas,Stillibrand, Joe
supporting information, p. 6696 - 6701 (2020/09/21)
Iridium-catalysed catalytic, regioselective C-H borylation of β-aryl-aminopropionic acid derivatives gives access to 3,5-functionalised protected β-aryl-aminopropionic acid boronates. The synthetic versatility of these new boronates is demonstrated through sequential one-pot functionalisation reactions to give diverse building blocks for medicinal chemistry. The C-H borylation is also effective for dipeptide substrates. We have exemplified this methodology in the synthesis of a pan αv integrin antagonist.
Kinetic Resolution of Aromatic β-Amino Acids Using a Combination of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase and Aminomutase Biocatalysts
Weise, Nicholas J.,Ahmed, Syed T.,Parmeggiani, Fabio,Turner, Nicholas J.
supporting information, p. 1570 - 1576 (2017/05/05)
An enzymatic strategy for the preparation of (R)-β-arylalanines employing phenylalanine aminomutase and ammonia lyase (PAM and PAL) enzymes has been demonstrated. Candidate PAMs with the desired (S)-selectivity from Streptomyces maritimus (EncP) and Bacillus sp. (PabH) were identified via sequence analysis using a well-studied template sequence. The newly discovered PabH could be linked to the first ever proposed biosynthesis of pyloricidin-like secondary metabolites and was shown to display better β-lyase activity in many cases. In spite of this, a method combining the higher conversion of EncP with a strict α-lyase from Anabaena variabilis (AvPAL) was found to be more amenable, allowing kinetic resolution of five racemic substrates and a preparative-scale reaction with >98% (R) enantiomeric excess. This work represents an improved and enantiocomplementary method to existing biocatalytic strategies, allowing simple product separation and modular telescopic combination with a preceding chemical step using an achiral aldehyde as starting material. (Figure presented.).
BICYCLIC-PYRIMIDINEDIONE COMPOUNDS
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Paragraph 0241; 0242, (2016/07/27)
The present invention provides novel bicyclic pyrimidinedione compounds that are useful for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and conditions associated with left ventricular hypertrophy or diastolic dysfunction. The synthesis and characterization of the compounds is described, as well as methods for treating HCM and other forms of heart disease.
Influence of the aromatic moiety in α- And β-arylalanines on their biotransformation with phenylalanine 2,3-aminomutase from: Pantoea agglomerans
Varga, Andrea,Bánóczi, Gergely,Nagy, Botond,Bencze, László Csaba,To?a, Monica Ioana,Gellért, ákos,Irimie, Florin Dan,Rétey, János,Poppe, László,Paizs, Csaba
, p. 56412 - 56420 (2016/07/06)
In this study enantiomer selective isomerization of various racemic α- and β-arylalanines catalysed by phenylalanine 2,3-aminomutase from Pantoea agglomerans (PaPAM) was investigated. Both α- and β-arylalanines were accepted as substrates when the aryl moiety was relatively small, like phenyl, 2-, 3-, 4-fluorophenyl or thiophen-2-yl. While 2-substituted α-phenylalanines bearing bulky electron withdrawing substituents did not react, the corresponding substituted β-aryl analogues were converted rapidly. Conversion of 3- and 4-substituted α-arylalanines happened smoothly, while conversion of the corresponding β-arylalanines was poor or non-existent. In the range of pH 7-9 there was no significant influence on the conversion of racemic α- or β-(thiophen-2-yl)alanines, whereas increasing the concentration of ammonia (ammonium carbonate from 50 to 1000 mM) inhibited the isomerization progressively and decreased the amount of the by-product (i.e. (E)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)acrylic acid was detected). In all cases, the high ee values of the products indicated excellent enantiomer selectivity and stereospecificity of the isomerization except for (S)-2-nitro-α-phenylalanine (ee 92%) from the β-isomer. Substituent effects were rationalized by computational modelling revealing that one of the main factors controlling biocatalytic activity was the energy difference between the covalent regioisomeric enzyme-substrate complexes.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-phenyl-3-aryl carboxamido propanoic acid derivatives as small molecule inhibitors of retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase (CYP26A1)
Zhao, Dongmei,Sun, Bin,Ren, Jinhong,Li, Fengrong,Song, Shuai,Lv, Xuejiao,Hao, Chenzhou,Cheng, Maosheng
, p. 1356 - 1365 (2015/03/04)
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the biologically active metabolite of vitamin A, is used medicinally for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases and cancers. However, it is easily metabolized. In this study, the leading compound S8 was found based on virtual screening. To improve the activity of the leading compound S8, a series of novel S8 derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro biological activities. All of the prepared compounds showed that substituting the 5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole group for the 2-tertbutyl-5-methylfuran scaffold led to a clear increase in the biological activity. The most promising compound 32, with a CYP26A1 IC50 value of 1.36 μM (compared to liarozole (IC50 = 2.45 μM) and S8 (IC50 = 3.21 μM)) displayed strong inhibitory and differentiation activity against HL60 cells. In addition, the study focused on the effect of β-phenylalanine, which forms the coordination bond with the heme of CYP26A1. These studies suggest that the compound 32 can be used as an appropriate candidate for future development.
The bacterial ammonia lyase EncP: A tunable biocatalyst for the synthesis of unnatural amino acids
Weise, Nicholas J.,Parmeggiani, Fabio,Ahmed, Syed T.,Turner, Nicholas J.
supporting information, p. 12977 - 12983 (2015/10/28)
Enzymes of the class I lyase-like family catalyze the asymmetric addition of ammonia to arylacrylates, yielding high value amino acids as products. Recent examples include the use of phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PALs), either alone or as a gateway to deracemization cascades (giving (S)- or (R)-α-phenylalanine derivatives, respectively), and also eukaryotic phenylalanine aminomutases (PAMs) for the synthesis of the (R)-β-products. Herein, we present the investigation of another family member, EncP from Streptomyces maritimus, thereby expanding the biocatalytic toolbox and enabling the production of the missing (S)-β-isomer. EncP was found to convert a range of arylacrylates to a mixture of (S)-α- and (S)-β-arylalanines, with regioselectivity correlating to the strength of electron-withdrawing/-donating groups on the ring of each substrate. The low regioselectivity of the wild-type enzyme was addressed via structure-based rational design to generate three variants with altered preference for either α- or β-products. By examining various biocatalyst/substrate combinations, it was demonstrated that the amination pattern of the reaction could be tuned to achieve selectivities between 99:1 and 1:99 for β:α-product ratios as desired.
Structure activity relationships of αv integrin antagonists for pulmonary fibrosis by variation in aryl substituents
Adams, James,Anderson, Edward C.,Blackham, Emma E.,Chiu, Yin Wa Ryan,Clarke, Thomas,Eccles, Natasha,Gill, Luke A.,Haye, Joshua J.,Haywood, Harvey T.,Hoenig, Christian R.,Kausas, Marius,Le, Joelle,Russell, Hannah L.,Smedley, Christopher,Tipping, William J.,Tongue, Tom,Wood, Charlotte C.,Yeung, Jason,Rowedder, James E.,Fray, M. Jonathan,McInally, Thomas,Macdonald, Simon J. F.
supporting information, p. 1207 - 1212 (2015/04/27)
Antagonism of αvβ6 is emerging as a potential treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on strong target validation. Starting from an αvβ3 antagonist lead and through simple variation in the nature and position of the aryl substituent, the discovery of compounds with improved αvβ6 activity is described. The compounds also have physicochemical properties commensurate with oral bioavailability and are high quality starting points for a drug discovery program. Compounds 33S and 43E1 are pan αv antagonists having ca. 100 nM potency against αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, and αvβ8 in cell adhesion assays. Detailed structure activity relationships with these integrins are described which also reveal substituents providing partial selectivity (defined as at least a 0.7 log difference in pIC50 values between the integrins in question) for αvβ3 and αvβ5.
Asymmetric synthesis of β-fluoroaryl-β-amino acids
Davies, Stephen G.,Fletcher, Ai M.,Lv, Linlu,Roberts, Paul M.,Thomson, James E.
, p. 910 - 925 (2012/09/22)
The conjugate addition of lithium (R)-N-benzyl-N-(α-methylbenzyl) amide to a range of β-fluoroaryl-α,β-unsaturated esters gave the corresponding β-amino esters with high diastereoselectivity and in good isolated yields. Sequential treatment of the resulta
Stereoselective chemoenzymatic preparation of β-amino esters: Molecular modelling considerations in lipase-mediated processes and application to the synthesis of (S)-dapoxetine
Rodriguez-Mata, Maria,Garcia-Urdiales, Eduardo,Gotor-Fernandez, Vicente,Gotor, Vicente
supporting information; experimental part, p. 395 - 406 (2010/06/15)
A wide range of optically active 3-amino-3-arylpropanoic acid derivatives have been prepared by means of a stereoselective chemoenzymatic route. The key step is the kinetic resolution of the corresponding β-amino esters. Although the enzymatic acylations of the amino group with ethyl methoxyacetate showed synthetically useful enantioselectivities, the hydrolyses of the ester group catalyzed by lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia have been identified as the optimal processes concerning both activity and enantioselectivity. The enantiopreference of this lipase in these reactions has been explained, at the molecular level, by using a fragment-based approach in which the most favoured binding site for a phenyl ring and the most stable conformation of the 3-aminopropanoate core nicely match the (S)-configuration of the major products. The conversion and enantioselectivity values of the enzymatic reactions have been compared in order to understand the influence of the different substitution patterns present in the phenyl ring. This chemoenzymatic route has been successfully applied to the preparation of a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of (S)-dapoxetine, which has been chemically synthesised in excellent optical purity.
Enhanced conversion of racemic α-arylalanines to (R)-β- arylalanines by coupled racemase/aminomutase catalysis
Cox, Brad M.,Bilsborrow, Joshua B.,Walker, Kevin D.
experimental part, p. 6953 - 6959 (2009/12/25)
(Graph Presented) The Taxus phenylalanine aminomutase (PAM) enzyme converts several (S)-α-arylalanines to their corresponding (R)-β- arylalanines. After incubating various racemic substrateswith 100 μg of PAM for 20 h at 31°C, each (S)-α-arylalanine was enantioselectively isomerized to its corresponding (R)-β-product. With racemic starting materials, the ratio of (R)-β-arylalanine product to the (S)-α-substrate ranged between 0.4 and 1.8, and the remaining nonproductive (R)-α-arylalanine became enriched. To utilize the (R)-α-isomer, the catalysis of a promiscuous alanine racemase from Pseudomonas putida (KT2440) was coupled with that of PAM to increase the production of enantiopure (R)-β-arylalanines from racemic α-arylalanine substrates. The inclusion of a biocatalytic racemization along with the PAM-catalyzed reactionmoderately increased the overall reaction yield of enantiopure β-arylalanines between 4% and 19% (depending on the arylalanine), which corresponded to as much as a 63% increase compared to the turnover with the aminomutase reaction alone. The use of these biocatalysts, in tandem, could potentially find application in the production of chiral β-arylalanine building blocks, particularly, as refinements to the process are made that increase reaction flux, such as by selectively removing the desired (R)-β-arylalanine product from the reaction mixture. 2009 American Chemical Society.
