74534-10-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Zirconium Oxide-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Unactivated Esters under Continuous-Flow Conditions
Rashed, Md. Nurnobi,Masuda, Koichiro,Ichitsuka, Tomohiro,Koumura, Nagatoshi,Sato, Kazuhiko,Kobayashi, Shū
, p. 2529 - 2535 (2021/02/01)
A sustainable and environmentally benign direct amidation reaction of unactivated esters with amines has been developed in a continuous-flow system. A commercially available amorphous zirconium oxide was found to be an efficient catalyst for this reaction. While the typical amidation of esters with amines requires a stoichiometric amount of a promoter or metal activator, the present continuous-flow method enabled the direct amidation reaction under additive-free conditions with an extensive diversity towards various functional groups. High yields of the products were obtained with a nearly equimolar proportion of starting materials to reduce byproduct formation, which renders this process applicable for use in a sequential-flow system. (Figure presented.).
Mesoporous silica MCM-41 as a highly active, recoverable and reusable catalyst for direct amidation of fatty acids and long-chain amines
Komura, Kenichi,Nakano, Yu,Koketsu, Mamoru
experimental part, p. 828 - 831 (2011/05/15)
Direct amidation of fatty acids with long-chain amines was successfully performed by mesoporous silica MCM-41, which showed the highest catalytic activity among other used homo- and heterogeneous catalysts. It was found that MCM-41 can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture followed by simple calcination treatment and reused without loss of its catalytic activity. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
