7572-96-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Lignin Model Systems by Merging Visible-Light Photoredox and Palladium Catalysis
K?rk?s, Markus D.,Bosque, Irene,Matsuura, Bryan S.,Stephenson, Corey R. J.
, p. 5166 - 5169 (2016/10/14)
Lignin valorization has long been recognized as a sustainable solution for the renewable production of aromatic compounds. Two-step oxidation/reduction strategies, whereby the first oxidation step is required to "activate" lignin systems for controlled fragmentation reactions, have recently emerged as viable routes toward this goal. Herein we describe a catalytic protocol for oxidation of lignin model systems by combining photoredox and Pd catalysis. The developed dual catalytic protocol allowed the efficient oxidation of lignin model substrates at room temperature to afford the oxidized products in good to excellent yields.
SELECTIVE AEROBIC ALCOHOL OXIDATION METHOD FOR CONVERSION OF LIGNIN INTO SIMPLE AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
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Paragraph 0068, (2014/09/03)
Described is a method to oxidize lignin or lignin sub-units. The method includes oxidation of secondary benzylic alcohol in the lignin or lignin sub-unit to a corresponding ketone in the presence of unprotected primarily aliphatic alcohol in the lignin or lignin sub-unit. The optimal catalyst system consists of HNO3 in combination with another Br?nsted acid, in the absence of a metal-containing catalyst, thereby yielding a selectively oxidized lignin or lignin sub-unit. The method may be carried out in the presence or absence of additional reagents including TEMPO and TEMPO derivatives.
Electroorganic Reactions. 38. Mechanism of Electrooxidative Cleavage of Lignin Model Dimers
Pardini, Vera L.,Smith, Carmen Z.,Utley, James H. P.,Vargas, Reinaldo R.,Viertler, Hans
, p. 7305 - 7313 (2007/10/02)
The mechanisms for oxidative cleavage of several phenolic ethers, models for lignins, have been investigated by a detailed comparison of the results of anodic oxidation at nickel anodes in alkaline electrolyte with that of oxidation in acetonitrile in the presence of a triarylamine redox catalyst.The latter reaction is unambiguously initiated by single-electron transfer (SET), and in this case the major product of cleavage is aldehyde (vanillin or syringaldehyde derivatives).At nickel anodes polymerization is predominant although the aldehydes are formed together with larger amounts of the corresponding carboxylic acids.Combinations of 4-hydroxyl, α-keto, β-O-aryl, and β-hydroxymethyl functionality are shown to be crucial for the oxidation at nickel; the carboxylic acid formation probably involves a route with initial hydrogen atom abstraction at the surface.Important chemical conversions precede and accompany oxidation in alkaline media, and these are associated with the propensity for polymerization.
