767-04-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Structure elucidation and total synthesis of altenuic acid III and studies towards the total synthesis of altenuic acid II
Nemecek, Gregor,Thomas, Robert,Goesmann, Helmut,Feldmann, Claus,Podlech, Joachim
, p. 6420 - 6432 (2013/10/21)
The structure of the Alternaria mycotoxin altenuic acid III was elucidated by NMR spectroscopic analysis of an authentic sample, and was confirmed by total synthesis. This compound is not a resorcylic acid lactone but a resorcylic acid substituted with a butenolide, and thus is the first member of a new class of alternaria toxins. For the total synthesis, a short and efficient access to halogenated butenolides bearing acetal-protected side-chains was carried out. Suzuki coupling of these butenolides with a highly functionalized boronate gave rise to a precursor of the natural product in high yield. The side-chain was completed by deprotection and subsequent oxidation. An unexpected cascade reaction leading to tricyclic butenolides was discovered during optimization of the deprotection protocol. Cleavage of the acetal protecting group gave altenuic acid III. Furthermore, a synthetic study towards altenuic acid II, a compound with a characteristic spirolactone structure, is described. It was planned to construct the spirocyclic lactone by using an intramolecular Michael-type addition of an aromatic carboxylate group to a butenolide moiety, but this approach was not successful. While testing the feasibility of this concept, a new and mild protocol for the well-known Pinner reaction in the presence of Lewis acids was discovered. Altenuic acid III, a major mycotoxin from Alternaria fungi, is the first member of a new class of alternaria toxins. Its structure was elucidated, and a total synthesis is given. Copyright
A magnetic-nanoparticle-supported 4-N,N-dialkylaminopyridine catalyst: Excellent reactivity combined with facile catalyst recovery and recyclability
O Dalaigh, Ciaran,Corr, Serena A.,Gun'ko, Yurii,Connon, Stephen J.
, p. 4329 - 4332 (2008/03/11)
(Figure Presented) Quick recovery: The first magnetic-nanoparticle- supported organocatalyst is prepared. The heterogeneous catalyst promotes a range of nucleophilic reactions and can be recovered by exposure to an external magnet (see picture). Furthermore, it can be recycled over 30 times without loss of activity.
Novel amine-catalysed hydroalkoxylation reactions of activated alkenes and alkynes
Murtagh, Julie E.,McCooey, Seamus H.,Connon, Stephen J.
, p. 227 - 229 (2007/10/03)
Substoichiometric loadings of DBU catalyse the efficient 1,4-addition of alcohols and non-nucleophilic amines such as pyrrole to activated alkenes; the application of this methodology in a one-pot synthesis of a natural product, and as a novel strategy for the synthesis of mono-protected 1,3-carbonyl compounds is reported.
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Acetalization of Terminal Olefins Bearing Electron-Withdrawing Substituents with Optically Active Diols
Hosokawa, Takahiro,Ohta, Toshiyuki,Kanayama, Satoshi,Murahashi, Shun-Ichi
, p. 1758 - 1764 (2007/10/02)
Terminal olefins bearing electron-withdrawing substituents such as CH2=CHCOR (R=Ph, Me, t-Bu), CH2=CHCOOMe, and CH2=CHCN are regioselectively acetalized at the terminal carbon (C1) by diols in the presence of PdCl2 (0.1 equiv) and CuCl (1 equiv) in DME at 50 deg C under an atmosphere of O2 (1 atm).The use of optically active (R,R)-2,4-pentanediol (4) gives homochiral cyclic acetals of aldehyde precursors in good yields.The acetalization of CH2=CHCOR is accompanied by the formation of Michael-type adducts such as 3a (R=Ph).However, of importance is that their formation can be prevented by the use of Na2HPO4 as an additive.Although in an early stage of the reaction of CD2=CHPh with 4, a statistical d scrambling of the starting olefin occurs, no such scrambling is observed with CD2=CHCOPh.Additionally, the acetalization of CD2=CHCOPh with 4 results in 1,2 deuterium migration, together with 25percent d loss.These results are accounted for by the reaction pathways involving oxypalladation, Pd-H elimination, and subsequent ring closure giving enol ether.A catalytic cycle involving the oxygenation of Pd-H species with molecular oxygen is proposed.
Palladium(II)-catalysed Acetalization of Terminal Olefins Bearing Electron-withdrawing Substituents with 1,3- and 1,2-Diols
Hosokawa, Takahiro,Ohta, Toshiyuki,Murahashi, Shun-Ichi
, p. 848 - 849 (2007/10/02)
Treatment of terminal olefins bearing electron-withdrawing groups with (R,R)-pentane-2,4-diol (2) in the presence of PdCl2-CuCl-O2 in 1,2-dimethoxyethane gives cyclic acetals such as (3) and (12b) via attack at the terminal carbon atom; the corresponding acetals are similarly formed from propane-1,3-diol (5) and ethylene glycol (8).
