77938-04-6

Upstream product

• 14719-83-6 methyl 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzoate 
• 96-99-1 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate 
• 193606-98-3 4-Chloro-3-nitro-benzoic acid 4-nitro-phenyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 1304787-72-1 5-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol 
• 1345997-22-9 5-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol 
• 1356585-48-2 2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-5-(ethylsulfanyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 
• 1356585-46-0 C₉H₆ClN₃O₃S 
• 1309582-11-3 C₉H₆ClN₃O₅S 
• 1309582-12-4 C₁₀H₈ClN₃O₅S 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Structure based discovery of novel hexokinase 2 inhibitors

Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is over-expressed in most of human cancers and has been proved to be a promising target for cancer therapy. In this study, based on the structure of HK2, we screened over 6 millions of compounds to obtain the lead. A total of 26 (E)-N′-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzylidene) arylhydrazide derivatives were then designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their HK2 enzyme activity and IC50 values against two cancer cell lines. Most of the 26 target compounds showed excellently in vitro activity. Among them, compound 3j showed the strongest inhibitory effects on HK2 enzyme activity with an IC50 of 0.53 ± 0.13 μM and exhibited the most potent growth inhibition against SW480 cells with an IC50 of 7.13 ± 1.12 μM, which deserves further studies.

Kinetic study on nucleophilic displacement reactions of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl x-substituted-benzoates with primary amines: Reaction mechanism and origin of the a-effect

Second-order rate constants for aminolysis of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl X-substituted-benzoates (1a-h) have been measured spectrophotometrically in 80 mol % H2O/20 mol % DMSO at 25.0 °C. The Bronsted-type plot for the reactions of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl benzoate (1d) with a series of primary amines curves downward, which has been taken as evidence for a stepwise mechanism with a change in rate-determining step (RDS). The Hammett plots for the reactions of 1a-h with hydrazine and glycylglycine are nonlinear while the Yukawa- Tsuno plots exhibit excellent linearity with ρX = 1.22-1.35 and r = 0.57-0.59, indicating that the nonlinear Hammett plots are not due to a change in RDS but are caused by stabilization of substrates possessing an electron-donating group (EDG) through resonance interactions between the EDG and C=O bond of the substrates. The α-effect exhibited by hydrazine increases as the substituent X changes from a strong EDG to a strong electron-withdrawing group (EWG). It has been concluded that destabilization of hydrazine through the electronic repulsion between the adjacent nonbonding electrons is not solely responsible for the substituent dependent α-effect but stabilization of the transition state is also a plausible origin of the α-effect.

Inhibition of tobacco bacterial wilt with sulfone derivatives containing an 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety

A series of new sulfone compounds containing the 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety were designed and synthesized. Their structures were identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analyses. Antibacterial bioassays indicated that most compounds exhibited promising in vitro antibacterial bioactivities against tobacco bacterial wilt at 200 μg/mL. The relationship between structure and antibacterial activity was also discussed. Among the title compounds, 5′c, 5′h, 5′i, and 5′j could inhibit mycelia growth of Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro by approximately 50% (EC50) at 39.8, 60.3, 47.9, and 32.1 μg/mL, respectively. Among them, compound 5′j was identified as the most promising candidate due to its stronger effect than that of Kocide 3000 [Cu(OH)2] within the same concentration range. Field trials demonstrated that the control effect of compound 5′j against tobacco bacterial wilt was better than that of the commercial bactericide Saisentong. For the first time, the present work demonstrated that sulfone derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole can be used to develop potential bactericides for plants.

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of some 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thioesters as antifungal agents

A series of 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thioesters was synthesized by converting several substituted organic acids successively into the corresponding esters, hydrazides and 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols. Finally the target compounds: 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thioesters were obtained by refluxing 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols in the presence of acid chloride and potassium hydroxide. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity. Some of the evaluated compounds possessed significant antifungal activity as compared to a terbinafine standard.

Synthesis, characterization and antifungal activity of some new 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols

A series of 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiols (3a-i) was synthesized by refluxing variably substituted organic acids (Ra-i) with methanol to the corresponding esters (1a-i). These esters were then converted to hydrazides (2a-i) by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of absolute ethanol which was followed by reaction with carbon disulfide and potassium hydroxide. Structure of the synthesized compounds was established by physicochemical and spectral data analysis. Synthesized compounds were subjected to antifungal activity. Antifungal activity was performed against Aspergillus flavus, Mucor species, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigates, with test compounds at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Terbinafine was used as the standard drug.

Synthesis, characterization and antifungal activity of some 5-substituted 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols

A series of 5-substituted 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols (4a-i) was synthesized by refluxing substituted organic acids (a-i) with methanol to the corresponding esters (1a-i). These esters were then converted to hydrazides (2a-i) by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of absolute ethanol. The hydrazides were then converted to 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols (3a-i) by cyclization reaction with carbon disulfide and KOH which was followed by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of absolute ethanol. Structure of the synthesized compounds was established by physico-chemical and spectral data analysis. Synthesized compounds were subjected to antifungal activity. Antifungal activity analysis was performed against Aspergillus flavus, Mucor species, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigates, with test compounds at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Terbinafine was used as the standard drug.

Antileishmanial activity screening of 5-nitro-2-heterocyclic benzylidene hydrazides

A series of 53 nitro derivatives rationally designed were obtained by parallel synthesis and screened against Leishmania donovani. Six compounds exhibited IC50 values lower than standard drugs. Brief SAR analysis revealed that substitution is important to the activity. Nitrothiophene analogues were more potent than the nitrofuran ones. This was attributed to the ability of sulfur atoms in accommodating electrons from nitro group, which facilitate its reduction and therefore the formation of free radicals lethal to parasites.

An unusual ground-state stabilization effect and origins of the α- effect in aminolyses of Y-substituted phenyl X-substituted benzoates

Second-order rate constants have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of X-C6H4CO2C6H4-Y with a series of primary amines in H2O containing 20 mol% DMSO at 25.0 ± 0.1°C. The reactivity increases as the substituent (X and Y) becomes a stronger electron-withdrawing group. The σ+ constants give better Hammett correlation than σ constants for the reactions of 4-nitrophenyl X-substituted benzoates with glycylglycine (glygly) and hydrazine (NH2NH2), indicating that the ground-state stabilization effect is unusually significant on the reaction rates. The reactions of X-C6H4CO2C6H4-Y with glygly and NH2NH2 appear to proceed through the same mechanism, but the degree of leaving-group departure and the negative charge developed in the acyl moiety at the rate-determining TS is considered to be more significant for the glygly system than the NH2NH2 system based on β(1g) and ρ(x) values. The magnitude of the α-effect is observed to be not always dependent on the β(nuc) value but dependent on the electronic nature of the substituent X and Y, i.e., an electron-donating substituent increases the α-effect, while an electron-withdrawing one decreases the α-effect. The present study has led to the conclusion that the ground-state effect is important for the reaction rates but it is not solely responsible for the α-effect, and the intramolecular H-bonding interactions (4) are proposed for the cause of the increasing or decreasing α-effect trends observed in the present system.