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Usage

Uses

Used in Lithium Battery Production:
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis used as an electrolyte solvent in the production of lithium batteries due to its ability to dissolve lithium salts and improve the performance and safety of the batteries.
Used in Natural Gas Processing:
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis used as a solvent for the removal of carbon dioxide in natural gas processing, helping to purify the gas and improve its quality for various applications.
Used in Paints and Coatings Industry:
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis used as a cosolvent in paints and coatings to improve their performance, such as adhesion, gloss, and durability.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis used in the pharmaceutical industry for drug delivery and as a stabilizer in the production of polyurethanes, contributing to the development of new and improved pharmaceutical products.
Used in Adhesives, Plastics, and Dyes Production:
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis used in the production of adhesives, plastics, and dyes, where its properties as a solvent and reagent contribute to the manufacturing process and final product quality.
However, it is important to note that 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-propylis a skin and eye irritant, and proper handling and safety precautions should be taken during its use.

Upstream product

• 1003-14-1 2-pentyloxirane 
• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 5343-92-0 1,2-pentanediol 
• 115-19-5 2-methyl-but-3-yn-2-ol 
• 616-38-6 carbonic acid dimethyl ester 
• 1051374-91-4 2,2-difluoro-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolane 
• 1051374-79-8 4-propyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-thione 
• 109-67-1 1-penten 
• 105-58-8 Diethyl carbonate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Electrosynthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides on a reusable copper nanoparticle cathode

A highly stable and reusable Cu NP cathode was prepared by a simple method and used for the electrosynthesis of cyclic carbonates by electroreduction of CO2 in the presence of epoxides under mild conditions. No added metal catalyst is required and the yields vary from moderate to very good. Furthermore, the activity of the cathode was shown to depend on the size of the Cu NPs.

Metal–Organic Framework-Templated Catalyst: Synergy in Multiple Sites for Catalytic CO2 Fixation

The types and quantities of active sites play a critical role in catalysis. Herein, ZnO nanoparticles encapsulated into N-doped porous carbon has been rationally prepared by the pyrolysis of a metal–organic framework (MOF) followed by a moderate oxidation treatment. The resulting catalyst exhibits excellent activity, selectivity, and recyclability in the CO2 cycloaddtion reactions with epoxides owing to the synergy of multiple sites inherited from the MOF and generated by the oxidation process.

Synthetic, spectral, structural and catalytic activity of infinite 3-D and 2-D copper(ii) coordination polymers for substrate size-dependent catalysis for CO2 conversion

Two copper(ii) coordination polymers, viz. [Cu2(OAc)4(μ4-hmt)0.5]n (1) and [Cu{C6H4(COO-)2}2]n·2C9H14N3 (2), have been synthesized solvothermally and characterized. The solid-state structure reveals that 1 is an infinite three-dimensional (3D) motif with fused hexagonal rings consisting of Cu(ii) and hmt in a μ4-bridging mode, while 2 is an infinite two dimensional (2D) motif containing Pht-2 in a μ1-bridging mode. CP 1 has a two-fold interpenetrated diamondoid network composed of 4-connected sqc6 topology with the point symbol of {66}, while 2 has a Shubnikov tetragonal plane network possessing a 4-connected node with an sql topology with a point symbol of {44·.62}-VS [4·4·4·4·?·?]. Both CPs 1 and 2 serve as efficient catalysts for CO2-based chemical fixation. Moreover, 1 demonstrates one of the highest reported catalytic activity values (%yield) among Cu-based MOFs for the chemical fixation of CO2 with epoxides. 1 shows high efficiency for CO2 cycloaddition with small epoxides but its catalytic activity decreases sharply with the increase in the size of epoxide substrates. The catalytic results suggested that the copper(ii) motif-catalyzed CO2 cycloaddition of small substrates had been carried out within the framework, while large substrates could not enter into the framework for catalytic reactions. The high efficiency and size-dependent selectivity toward small epoxides on catalytic CO2 cycloaddition make 1 a promising heterogeneous catalyst for carbon fixation and it can be used as a recoverable stable heterogeneous catalyst without any loss of performance. The solvent-free synthesis of the cyclic carbonate from CO2 and an epoxide was monitored by in situ FT-IR spectroscopy and an exposed Lewis-acid metal site catalysis mechanism was proposed.

Cobalt-based catalytic system for the chemical fixation of CO2 under solvent-free conditions

We have described a novel and efficient method for synthesizing cyclic carbonates with ‘Co (NO3)2 .6H2O/L6’-catalyzed coupling of epoxides and CO2 under solvent-free conditions. We proposed a possible reaction mechanism based on some control experiments. Phenylpropiolic acid could be provided by using the same method.

Docking Site Modulation of Isostructural Covalent Organic Frameworks for CO2 Fixation

Three isostructural covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with either methoxyl, hydroxyl, or both groups on the channel wall, are synthesized and served as metal-free heterogeneous catalysts for chemical fixation of CO2. Among them, the COF decora

Calcium carbide as a dehydrating agent for the synthesis of carbamates, glycerol carbonate, and cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a nontoxic and inexpensive C1 building block, which can be used for the synthesis of valuable chemicals such as aromatic carbamates from anilines and methanol (MeOH), glycerol carbonate from glycerol, and cyclic carbonates from diols. However, these reactions generate water as the byproduct and suffer from thermodynamic limits, which lead to low yields. Calcium carbide (CaC2) is a renewable chemical, which can be recycled from calcium that is abundant in the Earth's crust. Furthermore, CaC2 rapidly reacts with water. In this work, we used CaC2 as a dehydrating agent for the direct synthesis of carbamates (including polyurethane precursors) from amines, CO2, and MeOH. All reagents were commercially available. In addition, CaC2 was employed for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and CO2 with a zinc catalyst and N-donor ligand. A similar protocol was applied to synthesize cyclic carbonates from diols and CO2.

Thermodynamic favorable CO2 conversion via vicinal diols and propargylic alcohols: A metal-free catalytic method

Organocatalysis represents a promising field in chemical fixation of CO2. Herein, a facile metal-free strategy was reported for the one-pot preparation of cyclic carbonates and α-hydroxy ketones from vicinal diols, propargylic alcohols and CO2. Wide scope of vicinal diols and propargylic alcohols was demonstrated to be efficient under the DBU-catalyzed conditions. A plausible mechanism was proposed, which included detailed main and side reactions under the metal-free conditions.

Biomass-derived Cu/porous carbon for the electrocatalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2and diols under mild conditions

Biomass-derived Cu/porous carbon (Cu/PC) composites were facilely assembled by using a one-pot hydrothermal approach combined with calcination under a N2 atmosphere, and were used for the electrocatalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and diols at room temperature and normal pressure without any other catalysts. The results show that the Cu/PC composites with large specific surface areas (SBET > 279 m2 g-1) and high pore volumes (Vp > 0.47 cm3 g-1) possess good catalytic activity for CO2 electrocatalytic fixation. The Cu nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in the PC, resulting in a remarkable increase in the catalytic activity of the composite compared with those of pure PC and Cu sheets. In addition, the Cu content influenced the electrocatalytic activity. Among the materials used, Cu/PC-III was the best cathode as it had a 46.3percent electrosynthesis yield of propylene carbonate, wide application prospects and was suitable for the synthesis of other o-diols. The yield of 4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one reached 57.8percent. The prepared composites also displayed satisfactory reusability, and the yield was not reduced even after six cycles of use. These results reveal that the composites could be effectively used for the electrosynthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and diols under mild conditions.

Fast and Robust Synthesis of Metalated PCN-222 and Their Catalytic Performance in Cycloaddition Reactions with CO2

A simple and quick setup for the synthesis of PCN-222 and of a variety of metalated PCN-222(Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn), using of a microwave reactor, is reported for CO2 fixation. Metalation of prophyrins by microwave heating has been evaluated throug

Highly regio- And stereoselective synthesis of cyclic carbonates from biomass-derived polyols: Via organocatalytic cascade reaction

The cascade reaction of CO2, vicinal diols, and propargylic alcohol, was firstly achieved by dual Lewis base (LB) organocatalytic systems involving LB-CO2 adducts and commercially available organic amines. This methodology could overcome the chemical inertness of CO2, providing an alternative route to various functionalized five-membered cyclic carbonates in moderate to high yields under mild reaction conditions (25 °C, 1.0 atm of CO2). More importantly, this method could also be applied for facile and efficient synthesis of chiral polycyclic carbonates from biomass-derived polyols with complete configuration retention of chiral centers. This study provides an environment-friendly, scalable and cost effective protocol to construct value-added cyclic carbonates with multi-functional groups and chiral centers.