91061-82-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Mild and efficient boronic acid catalysis of Diels-Alder cycloadditions to 2-alkynoic acids
Zheng, Hongchao,Hall, Dennis G.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 3561 - 3564 (2010/08/07)
The concept of boronic acid catalysis (BAC) for the activation of unsaturated carboxylic acids is applied to the Diels-Alder cycloaddition between 2-alkynoic acids as dienophiles and various dienes. These [4+2] cycloadditions produce cyclohexadienyl carboxylic acids, which can be oxidized in situ to produce polysubstituted aromatic carboxylic acids. The boronic acid catalyst is suspected to provide activation by a LUMO-lowering effect of the unsaturated carboxylic acid likely via a covalent, monoacylated hemiboronic ester intermediate.
Synthesis, Fungicidal Activity, and Effects on Fungal Polyamine Metabolism of Novel Cyclic Diamines
Havis, Neil D.,Walters, Dale R.,Cook, Fiona M.,Robins, David J.
, p. 2341 - 2344 (2007/10/03)
A number of novel, cyclic diamines were synthesized and examined for fungicidal activity as part of a continuing program of work on polyamine analogues. The novel synthetic cyclic diamines trans-1,2-bis(diethylaminomethyl)cyclopentane (compound 1) and trans-5,6-bis(aminomethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-2-ene (compound 2) and the synthetic cyclic diamine 1,2-bis(dimethylaminomethyl)-4,5-dimethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene (compound 3) controlled the important crop pathogen Erysiphe graminis DC f.sp. hordei Marchai. Since E. graminis cannot be cultured in vitro, the effects of the three diamines on polyamine biosynthesis were studied using the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora avenae Ito & Kuribay. All three compounds were effective in reducing the growth of P. avenae in vitro and in altering polyamine levels. However, whereas compound 1 reduced concentrations of all three polyamines, compound 2 increased spermidine 2-fold and compound 3 had little effect on spermidine and spermine concentrations but reduced putrescine concentration by 69%. These changes in polyamine concentrations could not be correlated with changes in activities of biosynthetic enzymes. It seems therefore that although these novel cyclic diamines alter fungal polyamine metabolism, their effects on the growth of P. avenae may not be related to depletion of cellular polyamines.
