929-61-3Relevant articles and documents
Influence of the functionalization degree of acidic ion-exchange resins on ethyl octyl ether formation
Guilera, Jordi,Hanková, Libuse,Jerabek, Karel,Ramírez, Eliana,Tejero, Javier
, p. 14 - 22 (2014/04/03)
Ethyl octyl ether (EOE) can be obtained by the ethylation of 1-octanol by means of ethanol or diethyl carbonate over acidic ion-exchange resins. However, EOE formation has to compete with the less steric demanding formation of diethyl ether, by-product obtained from ethanol dehydration or diethyl carbonate decomposition. In the present work, the influence of the resin functionalization degree on EOE formation has been evaluated. A series of partially sulfonated resins (0.87-4.31 mmol H+/g) were prepared by the sulfonation of a macroreticular styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. The catalysts were characterized, and subsequently, tested in a batch reactor (T = 150 C, P = 25 bar). Amberlyst 15 and 46 were also tested for comparison purposes. Catalytic runs revealed that EOE formation occurred mainly in the firstly sulfonated domain of the polymer skeleton, the least crosslinked; while diethyl ether was formed in the whole polymer bead. Accordingly, the functionalization of the least accessible polymer domain, as a result of increasing the sulfonation temperature or by using a pre-swelling solvent, is not suitable to produce long chain ethers such as EOE; which are preferred as diesel fuels.
Bifunctional nanoparticle-SILP catalysts (NPs@SILP) for the selective deoxygenation of biomass substrates
Luska, Kylie L.,Julis, Jennifer,Stavitski, Eli,Zakharov, Dmitri N.,Adams, Alina,Leitner, Walter
supporting information, p. 4895 - 4905 (2015/02/19)
Ruthenium nanoparticles were immobilized onto an acidic supported ionic liquid phase (RuNPs@SILP) in the development of bifunctional catalysts for the selective deoxygenation of biomass substrates. RuNPs@SILPs possessed high catalytic activities, selectivities and recyclabilities in the hydrogenolytic deoxygenation and ring opening of C8- and C9-substrates derived from furfural or 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acetone. Tailoring the acidity of the SILP through the ionic liquid loading provided a molecular parameter by which the catalytic activity and selectivity of the RuNPs@SILPs were controlled to provide a flexible catalyst system toward the formation of different classes of value-added products: cyclic ethers, primary alcohols or aliphatic ethers. This journal is
Mild and efficient capture and functionalisation of CO2 using silver(i) oxide and application to 13C-labelled dialkyl carbonates
Tunbridge, Gemma A.,Baruchello, Riccardo,Caggiano, Lorenzo
, p. 4613 - 4621 (2013/05/08)
A high yielding three-component reaction between β-iodo ethylamine derivatives, MeOH and gaseous CO2 at ambient temperatures and pressures is reported using silver(i) oxide. Unfunctionalised alkyl iodides were also found to be effective in this transformation and their optimisation is also described. To highlight the ease and control with which gaseous CO 2 can be captured and functionalised under mild conditions, the reaction was performed using 13C-enriched CO2 to afford specifically 13C-carbonyl-labelled dialkyl carbonates with exquisite control of the isotopic purity in good yields and without the need for specialised equipment.