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94-58-6Relevant articles and documents
Sonoelectrochemical hydrogenation of safrole: A reactor design, statistical analysis and computational fluid dynamic approach
da Paz, Josinete Angela,de Menezes, Frederico Duarte,Selva, Thiago Matheus Guimar?es,Navarro, Marcelo,da Costa, José ?ngelo Peixoto,da Silva, Ronaldo Dionísio,Villa, Alvaro Antonio Ochoa,Vilar, Márcio
, (2020)
In this work, ultrasound-assisted electrocatalytic hydrogenation (US-ECHSA) of safrole was carried out in water medium, using sacrificial anode of nickel. The ultrasonic irradiation was carried out at frequency of 20 kHz ± 500 Hz with a titanium cylindrical horn (MS 73 microtip; Ti-6AI-4V alloy; 3.0 mm diameter). The optimal conditions were analyzed by statistical experimental design (fractional factorial). The influence of the sonoelectrochemical reactor design was also investigated by using computational fluid dynamics as simulation tool. Among the five parameters studied: catalyst type, use of β-cyclodextrin as inverse phase transfer catalyst, sonoelectrochemical reactor design, ultrasound mode and the temperature of the solution, only the last three were significant. The hydrogenation product, dihydrosafrole, reached 94% yield, depending on the experimental conditions applied. Data of computational fluid dynamics showed that a wing shape tube added to the sonoelectrochemical reactor can work as a cooling apparatus, during the electrochemical process. The reactional solution temperature diminishes 14 °C when compared to the four-way-type reactor. Cooper cathode, absence of β-cyclodextrin, four-way-type reactor, ultrasound continuous mode (14 W) and absence of temperature control were the most effective reaction parameters for the safrole hydrogenation using US-ECHSA method. The proposed approach represents an important contribution for understanding the hydrodynamic behavior of sonoelectrochemical reactors designs and, consequently, for the reducing of the experimental costs inherent to the sonoelectrochemical process.
Harnessing Alkylpyridinium Salts as Electrophiles in Deaminative Alkyl-Alkyl Cross-Couplings
Plunkett, Shane,Basch, Corey H.,Santana, Samantha O.,Watson, Mary P.
supporting information, p. 2257 - 2262 (2019/03/04)
A Negishi cross-coupling of alkylpyridinium salts and alkylzinc halides has been developed. This is the first example of alkyl-alkyl bond formation via cross-coupling of an alkyl amine derivative with an unactivated alkyl group, and allows both primary and secondary alkylpyridinium salts to react with primary alkylzinc halides with high functional group tolerance. When combined with formation of the pyridinium salts from primary amines, this method enables the noncanonical transformation of NH2 groups into a wide range of alkyl substituents with broad functional group tolerance.
A Co2B Mediated NaBH4 Reduction Protocol Applicable to a Selection of Functional Groups in Organic Synthesis
Lundevall, Frida Johanne,Elumalai, Vijayaragavan,Drageset, Audun,Totland, Christian,Bj?rsvik, Hans-René
supporting information, p. 3416 - 3425 (2018/07/29)
A high-yielding and high-rate reduction method that operates with alkenes, alkynes, azides, nitriles, and nitroarenes was developed and optimized. The method makes use of sodium borohydride reduction of CoSO4 under release of hydrogen along with the formation of Co2B as a nanoparticle material. The produced Co2B activates the various functional groups for hydride reduction. The protocol was proven to operate with an assortment of functional groups to provide good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the reduction method was successfully adapted, implemented, and developed for a continuous flow approach using the multi-jet oscillating disk (MJOD) flow reactor platform at atmospheric pressure.