95082-77-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Characterization of l -Theanine Excitatory Actions on Hippocampal Neurons: Toward the Generation of Novel N-Methyl- d -aspartate Receptor Modulators Based on Its Backbone
Sebih, Fatiha,Rousset, Matthieu,Bellahouel, Salima,Rolland, Marc,De Jesus Ferreira, Marie Celeste,Guiramand, Janique,Cohen-Solal, Catherine,Barbanel, Gérard,Cens, Thierry,Abouazza, Mohammed,Tassou, Adrien,Gratuze, Maud,Meusnier, Céline,Charnet, Pierre,Vignes, Michel,Rolland, Valérie
, p. 1724 - 1734 (2017/08/21)
l-Theanine (or l-γ-N-ethyl-glutamine) is the major amino acid found in Camellia sinensis. It has received much attention because of its pleiotropic physiological and pharmacological activities leading to health benefits in humans, especially. We describe here a new, easy, efficient, and environmentally friendly chemical synthesis of l-theanine and l-γ-N-propyl-Gln and their corresponding d-isomers. l-Theanine, and its derivatives obtained so far, exhibited partial coagonistic action at N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, with no detectable agonist effect at other glutamate receptors, on cultured hippocampal neurons. This activity was retained on NMDA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. In addition, both GluN2A and GluN2B containing NMDA receptors were equally modulated by l-theanine. The stereochemical change from l-theanine to d-theanine along with the substitution of the ethyl for a propyl moiety in the γ-N position of l- and d-theanine significantly enhanced the biological efficacy, as measured on cultured hippocampal neurons. l-Theanine structure thus represents an interesting backbone to develop novel NMDA receptor modulators.
Synthesis of Monoamides of Methotrexate from L-Glutamic Acid Monoamide t-Butyl Esters
Antonjuk, David J.,Boadle, Deborah K.,Cheung, H.T.Andrew,Tran, Trung Q.
, p. 1989 - 2004 (2007/10/02)
Analoques of methotrexate (amethopterin) (1) with α- or γ-monoamide functions were synthesized starting with t-butyl L-isoglutamine (12a), t-butyl L-glutamine (22a), or the appropriate N'-alkyl or N'N'-dialkyl analoques (12b-k), (22d), (22k), (22l), and (22m).The corresponding N-benzyloxycarbonyl compounds (11) and/or (21) from which the above L-glutamic acid derivatives were obtained were generally synthesized by mixed-anhydride coupling of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamic acid (9) with the appropriate amine, conversion into the t-butyl ester, and chromatographic separation.The resulting α-monoamide γ-t-butyl ester (11) and γ-monoamide α-t-butyl ester (21) are unambiguously distinguished by mass spectrometry and 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy.Factors which affect the γ-amide/α-amide product ratio are discussed.The N-deprotected L-glutamic acid monoamide t-butyl esters (12) or (22) were individually coupled to N-trifluoroacetyl-p-methylaminobenzoic acid, and the resulting α- or γ-monoamide t-butyl esters (13) or (23) of N-(p-methyl(trifluoroacetyl)aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid was hydrolysed.The N-deprotected product, viz. t-butyl N-(p-methylaminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate α- or γ-monoamide (14) or (24) was converted into the appropriate methotrexate-monoamide t-butyl ester (15) or (25), and thence the desired methotrexate-monoamide (16) or (26), by reaction with 2,4-diamino-6-bromomethylpteridine (17) or by the Taylor procedure.Features of the mass and 13C n.m.r. spectra of the intermediates are discussed.
