F+:Highly flammable;
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75-04-7Relevant articles and documents
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Shimizu et al.
, p. 1003 (1975)
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REDUCTION OF CYANIDE AND ACETONITRILE BY PROTON NITROGEN-FIXATION SYSTEMS
Pershikova, N. I.,Nikonova, L. A.,Kitaigorodskii, A. N.
, p. 1120 - 1122 (1982)
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Thermodynamic Study of the Solvation States of Acid and Base in a Protic Ionic Liquid, Ethylammonium Nitrate, and Its Aqueous Mixtures
Kanzaki, Ryo,Song, Xuedan,Umebayashi, Yasuhiro,Ishiguro, Shin-Ichi
, p. 578 - 579 (2010)
Ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) is a typical protic ionic liquid (PIL) known for a long time. In order to investigate acidbase reaction mechanisms in PIL, thermodynamic quantities of a reaction, which corresponds to autoprotolysis in amphoteric solvents, has been determined in neat EAN. Unlike H3O + and OH- in water, proton donor and acceptor species in EAN are both neutral; this makes acid-base reaction mechanisms in EAN distinct from that in water. EAN-water mixtures have also been studied.
Fluorescence signaling of Zr4+ by hydrogen peroxide assisted selective desulfurization of thioamide
Hwang, Jiyoung,Choi, Myung Gil,Eor, Suyoung,Chang, Suk-Kyu
, p. 1634 - 1639 (2012)
Thioamide derivative with a pyrene fluorophore was smoothly transformed to its corresponding amide by Zr4+ ions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The transformation was evidenced by 1H NMR spectroscopy and the signaling was completed within 10 min after sample preparation. Interference from Ag+ and Hg2+ ions in Zr 4+-selective fluorescence signaling was readily suppressed with the use of Sn2+ as a reducing additive. Discrimination of Zr4+ from closely related hafnium, which is a frequent contaminant in commercial zirconium, was not possible. Prominent Zr4+-selective turn-on type fluorescence signaling was possible with a detection limit of 4.6 × 10-6 M in an aqueous 99% ethanol solution.
Characteristics of Si-Y mixed oxide supported nickel catalysts for the reductive amination of ethanol to ethylamines
Jeong, Ye-Seul,Woo, Yesol,Park, Myung-June,Shin, Chae-Ho
, p. 287 - 297 (2019/10/14)
Si-Y mixed oxide synthesis was achieved via Si dissolution from a Pyrex reactor during the synthesis of yttrium hydroxide by the precipitation method at pH 10 and an aging temperature of 100 ℃. The Ni/SY mixed oxide catalysts with 5–25 wt% Ni contents were synthesized using an incipient wetness impregnation method. The characterization of the calcined Ni/SY oxide catalysts was performed using N2-sorption, X-ray diffraction, H2-temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ethanol-TPD. The reaction parameters such as reaction temperature and the partial pressures of ethanol, NH3, and H2 were varied in the reductive amination reaction, and the catalytic activities for the production of monoethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, and acetonitrile as main products were compared. The 10 wt% Ni/SY oxide catalyst containing 11 wt% Si showed the maximum activity, and the presence and absence of H2 and NH3 had a great effect on the conversion and selectivities. The stability after 110 h on stream was observed to be 2.5% less than the initial activity. The cause of this deactivation is the formation of nickel carbonitride, as confirmed by XPS and temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) measurements. On the basis of a detailed proposed reaction mechanism, reaction rates were determined, and the kinetic parameters were estimated by fitting the experimental data obtained under a variety of conditions. Our kinetic model showed that the temperature and the partial pressures of ethanol and hydrogen significantly influenced the conversion, whereas the partial pressure of ammonia had little influence because the imine partial pressure rapidly reached saturation.
Metal-free nitrogen -doped carbon nanosheets: A catalyst for the direct synthesis of imines under mild conditions
Wang, Kaizhi,Jiang, Pengbo,Yang, Ming,Ma, Ping,Qin, Jiaheng,Huang, Xiaokang,Ma, Lei,Li, Rong
, p. 2448 - 2461 (2019/05/17)
Herein, a highly stable, porous, multifunctional and metal-free catalyst was developed, which exhibited significant catalytic performance in the oxidation of amines and transfer hydrogenation of nitriles under mild conditions; this could be attributed to the presence of numerous active sites and their outstanding BET surface area. The obtained results showed that most of the yields of imines exceeded 90%, and the cycling performance of the catalyst could be at least seven runs without any decay in the reaction activity, which could be comparable to those of metal catalysts. Subsequently, a kinetic study has demonstrated that the apparent activation energy for the direct synthesis of imines from amines is 67.39 kJ mol-1, which has been performed to testify that the catalytic performances are rational. Via catalyst characterizations and experimental data, graphitic-N has been proven to be the active site of the catalyst. Hence, this study is beneficial to comprehend the mechanism of action of a metal-free N-doped carbon catalyst in the formation of imines.
Cobalt-based molecular electrocatalysis of nitrile reduction: Evolving sustainability beyond hydrogen
Child, Simon N.,Raychev, Radoslav,Moss, Nathan,Howchen, Benjamin,Horton, Peter N.,Prior, Christopher C.,Oganesyan, Vasily S.,Fielden, John
, p. 9576 - 9580 (2019/07/10)
Two new cobalt bis-iminopyridines, [Co(DDP)(H2O)2](NO3)2 (1, DDP = cis-[1,3-bis(2-pyridinylenamine)] cyclohexane) and [Co(cis-DDOP)(NO3)](NO3) (2, cis-DDOP = cis-3,5-bis[(2-Pyridinyleneamin]-trans-hydroxycyclohexane) electrocatalyse the 4-proton, 4-electron reduction of acetonitrile to ethylamine. For 1, this reduction occurs in preference to reduction of protons to H2. A coordinating hydroxyl proton relay in 2 reduces the yield of ethylamine and biases the catalytic system back towards H2.