97845-72-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides
Derudas, Marco,Vanpouille, Christophe,Carta, Davide,Zicari, Sonia,Andrei, Graciela,Snoeck, Robert,Brancale, Andrea,Margolis, Leonid,Balzarini, Jan,McGuigan, Christopher
supporting information, p. 7876 - 7896 (2017/10/06)
Following our findings on the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity of acyclovir (ACV) phosphate prodrugs, we herein report the ProTide approach applied to a series of acyclic nucleosides aimed at the identification of novel and selective antiv
Production of recombinant human aldehyde oxidase in Escherichia coli and optimization of its application for the preparative synthesis of oxidized drug metabolites
Rodrigues, Diogo,Kittelmann, Matthias,Eggimann, Fabian,Bachler, Thorsten,Abad, Sandra,Camattari, Andrea,Glieder, Anton,Winkler, Margit,Luetz, Stephan
, p. 1028 - 1042 (2014/05/06)
Recombinant human aldehyde oxidase (AO) was expressed in Escherichia coli. Different cell disruption methods and conditions of cell culture in shake flasks and bioreactors and of biotransformation on an analytical scale were tested to optimize the synthesis of oxidized AO drug metabolites. The volumetric productivity was increased 24-fold by optimizing the cell culture conditions. The highest yield was achieved in a 25 L stirred tank bioreactor under non-oxygen-limited conditions and high lactose feed rate. Suspensions of highly concentrated and well-aerated whole cells at neutral pH and relatively low temperatures led to the best conversion. The solvent for the substrate and the buffering agent for the biotransformation had an important effect. In a biotransformation with AO, 210 mg of famciclovir was converted to diacetyl penciclovir a yield of 82 %. The optimized protocol represents a viable method for the preparative synthesis of oxidized AO metabolites of drugs. Drug metabolites: Recombinant human aldehyde oxidase is expressed in Escherichia coli. The highest volumetric productivity is achieved in a 25 L stirred tank bioreactor under non-oxygen-limited conditions and high lactose feed rate. In a biotransformation with concentrated whole cells at pH 7.4 and 30 °C, 210 mg of famciclovir is converted to diacetyl penciclovir in a yield of 82 %. The optimized protocol enables the preparative synthesis of oxidized aldehyde oxidase metabolites of drugs.
Practical syntheses of penciclovir and famciclovir from N2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine
Torii, Takayoshi,Shiragami, Hiroshi,Yamashita, Keizo,Suzuki, Yumiko,Hijiya, Toyoto,Kashiwagi, Tatsuki,Izawa, Kunisuke
, p. 5709 - 5716 (2007/10/03)
We have established practical methods for the synthesis of penciclovir (PCV) and famciclovir (FCV) from readily available guanosine via N2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine. The alkylation of N2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine proceeded selectively at the N9 position to give the desired alkylated product in good yield in salt form. After conventional catalytic hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group and hydrolysis of the resulting acetate, pure PCV was obtained without the need for chromatography. As a side chain precursor, the mesylate was selected rather than a halide since the corresponding halides gave several impurities under the same reaction conditions. Two procedures for the synthesis of FCV from PCV and a derivative are also reported.
Regioselective functionalization of guanine: Simple and practical synthesis of 7- and 9-alkylated guanines starting from guanosine
Kalayanov, Genadiy,Jaksa, Suzana,Scarcia, Tommaso,Kobe, Joze
, p. 2026 - 2034 (2007/10/03)
Reaction of N2-acetyl-9- and/or -7-benzylated guanines 8 and 12 with selected alkylating agents in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at 120°C yielded the guaninium salts 9 and 13. The salts were consequently transformed by phase transfer hydrogenation into N7- and N9-isomers 10 and 14, respectively, in a highly regioselective manner. A convenient deoxygenation of both derivatives, achieved via the corresponding O6-arenesulfonates, into 2-aminopurine potential prodrugs was also established.
Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of 9-purines
Harnden, Michael R.,Jarvest, Richard L.,Bacon, Teresa H.,Boyd, Malcolm R.
, p. 1636 - 1642 (2007/10/02)
Alkylation of 2-amino-6-chloropurine with 5-(2-bromoethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane (5) provided 2-amino-6-chloro-9-purine (6) in high yield.This aminochloropurine 6 readily converted to the antiviral acyclonucleoside 9-guanine (1) and to its 6-chloro (10), 6-thio (11), 6-alkoxy (12-17), 6-amino (20), and 6-deoxy (21) purine analogues.The guanine derivative 1 was converted to its xanthine analogue 9.Similarly, alkylation of 6-chloropurine with 5 provided a route to 8, the hypoxanthine analogue of 1.Of these 9-substituted purines, the guanine derivative 1 showed the highest activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in cell cultures, and in some tests it was more active than acyclovir, with no evidence of toxicity for the cells.A series of monoesters (30-33) and diesters (24-27, 29) of 1 were prepared, and some of these also showed antiherpes virus activity in cell cultures, the most active ester being the dihexanoate 27.
