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Glycolonitrile

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  • Name Glycolonitrile
  • EINECS203-469-1
  • CAS No. 107-16-4
  • Density1.087 g/cm3
  • PSA44.02000
  • LogP-0.49772
  • SolubilityWater soluble
  • Melting Point-72 °C
  • FormulaC2H3NO
  • Boiling Point183 ºC
  • Molecular Weight57.0519
  • Flash Point133 ºF
  • Transport InformationUN 3276
  • Appearanceclear to pale yellow liquid
  • Safety36/37/39-45
  • Risk Codes26/27/28
  • Molecular Structure
    Molecular Structure of 107-16-4 (Glycolonitrile)
  • Hazard SymbolsVeryT+
  • SynonymsVeryT+
  • Article Data68

Glycolonitrile Consensus Reports

EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Cyanide and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

Glycolonitrile Standards and Recommendations

NIOSH REL: (Nitriles) CL 5 mg/m3/15M

Glycolonitrile Specification

The Glycolonitrile with CAS registry number of 107-16-4 is also known as Acetonitrile, hydroxy-. The IUPAC name is 2-Hydroxyacetonitrile. Its EINECS registry number is 203-469-1. In addition, the formula is C2H3NO and the molecular weight is 57.05. This chemical is a clear to pale yellow liquid. It is the simplest cyanohydrin and it is derived from formaldehyde.

Physical properties about Glycolonitrile are: (1)ACD/LogP: -0.843; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -0.84; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -0.84; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 8.29; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 8.29; (8)#H bond acceptors: 2; (9)#H bond donors: 1; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.402; (12)Molar Refractivity: 12.763 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 52.438 cm3; (14)Polarizability: 5.06 10-24cm3; (15)Surface Tension: 46.2509994506836 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.088 g/cm3; (17)Flash Point: 78.078 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 51.387 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 205.491 °C at 760 mmHg; (20)Vapour Pressure: 0.0590000003576279 mmHg at 25°C

Preparation of Glycolonitrile: it is prepared by reaction of formaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid. The reaction occurs with catalyst.

HCHO+HCN→HOCH2CN

Uses of Glycolonitrile: it is used as organic chemical. Besides, it also can be used as intermediate, such as intermediates of glycine, malononitrile and indigo dyes. The chemical can be used to polymerize an amine under alkaline conditions above pH 7.0. Arrhenius et al. and the mechanism for polymerization is proposed as follows.

The chemical can be used to polymerize an amine and the mechanism for polymerization is shown

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it. As a chemical, it is very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Duing using it, wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1. Canonical SMILES: C(C#N)O
2. InChI: InChI=1S/C2H3NO/c3-1-2-4/h4H,2H2
3. InChIKey: LTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LCLo inhalation 27ppm/8H (27ppm) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 3mg/kg (3mg/kg)   Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin und Arbeitsschutz. Vol. 19, Pg. 225, 1969.
mouse LD50 oral 10mg/kg (10mg/kg)   "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969.
mouse LDLo subcutaneous 15mg/kg (15mg/kg)   Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 12, Pg. 447, 1904.
rabbit LD50 skin 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): PRIMARY IRRITATION: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 23, Pg. 95, 1962.
rabbit LDLo ocular 13mg/kg (13mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: COMA
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969.
rat LCLo inhalation 27ppm/8H (27ppm) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969.
rat LD50 oral 8mg/kg (8mg/kg)   Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin und Arbeitsschutz. Vol. 19, Pg. 225, 1969.
 

 

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