Reference

Embryotoxicity of industrial chemicals on the chicken embryo: dithiocarbamates

Correction of: Embryotoxicity of industrial chemicals on the chicken embryo: dithiocarbamates. Korhonen, Aila; Hemminki, Kari; Vainio, Harri (Dep. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol., Inst. Occup. Health, Helsinki SF-00290/29, Finland). Teratog., Carcinog., Mutagen., 3(2), 163-75 (English) 1983. CODEN: TCMUD8. ISSN: 0270-3211. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) Seven dithiocarbamates Cd diethyldithiocarbamate (CdDE) [14239-68-0], Zn diethyldithiocarbamate (ZnDE) [14324-55-1], Zn ethylphenyldithiocarbamate (ZnEP) [14634-93-6], Zn dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZnDB) [136-23-2], Cu dimethyldithiocarbamate (CuDM) [137-29-1], Te diethyldithiocarbamate (TeDE) [15080-52-1], and piperidine pentamethylenedithiocarbamate (PPM) [6250-27-7] and 3 acetates Cu(OAc)2 [142-71-2], Cd(OAc)2 [543-90-8] and Zn(OAc)2 [557-34-6] were tested for teratogenicity and lethality in 8-day chicken embryos. The parameters measured were early deaths, recorded within 2 days of injection, late deaths of malformed embryos, late deaths of nonmalformed embryos, and malformed survivors. The order of embryotoxicity decreased as follows: Cd(OAc)2 > CdDE > ZnDE 3 ZnEP 3 ZnDB > CuDM > TeDE > Cu(OAc)2 > PPM > Zn(OAc)2. The only exception to this order was the relatively weak teratogenicity of the metal acetates as compared to dithiocarbamates. Cd and Zn dithiocarbamates were potent embryotoxic agents eliciting lethality and malformation at 1-10 nmol/egg. Most embryonic deaths occurred at stages 29-31, and most of the dead embryos were malformed.

Initiation processes in the photodegradation of high impact polystyrene

Initiation processes in the photodegradation of high impact polystyrene. I. Effects of prior thermal oxidation. Ghaffar, A.; Scott, A.; Scott, G. (Dep. Chem., Univ. Aston, Birmingham, Engl.). Eur. Polym. J., 12(9), 615-20 (English) 1976. CODEN: EUPJAG. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 35 (Synthetic High Polymers) Thermally produced hydroperoxides were directly responsible for subsequent oxidn. reactions occurring during uv irradn. of impact-resistant polystyrene [9003-53-6]. Olefinic unsatn.Several substances with their cas registry numbers 14591-57-2 and 13927-71-4 may be metioned in this study. assocd. with the polybutadiene phase was depleted rapidly on uv irradn. in air during which time the rate of oxidn. and the hydroperoxide concn. rose to a max. and then decreased. The rubber phase was a photoprodegradant for the polystyrene and photoinitiation by carbonyl compds. was not important. Metal dithiocarbamates, e.g zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate [136-23-2], inhibited photooxidn., acting as uv screening agents and o-hydroxyphenylphosphoric acid [4918-98-3] inhibited photooxidn. but did not act as a uv screening agent. .