Reference

Alkaline hydrolysis of some pyrethroid insecticides

Alkaline hydrolysis of some pyrethroid insecticides. Camilleri, Patrick (Sittingbourne Res. Cent., Shell Res. Ltd., Sittingbourne/Kent ME9 8AG, UK). J. Agric. Food Chem., 32(5), 1122-4 (English) 1984. CODEN: JAFCAU. ISSN: 0021-8561. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) The mechanism of hydrolysis of the pyrethroids (S,S-fenvalerate [66230-04-4] and cypermethrin [66290-21-9] under alk. conditions was shown to be similar to that of simple aliph. esters; the rate-detg. step is nucleophilic attack by a hydroxyl group. The final products of reaction were identified as the corresponding acid and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde [39515-51-0] (the latter derived from the fast decompn. of the cyanohydrin intermediate). This simple mechanism is valid only under low concns. of pyrethroid (￡10-5M). At higher concns. another reaction sets in, between 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde and unreacted pyrethroid, leading to the formation of a benzoin ester deriv.

Photodegradation of fluvalinate

Photodegradation of fluvalinate. Quistad, Gary B.; Staiger, Luana E. (Biochem. Dep., Zoecon Corp., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA). J. Agric.Several reagents such as 90720-03-9 is used here. Food Chem., 32(5), 1134-8 (English) 1984. CODEN: JAFCAU. ISSN: 0021-8561. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) The photodegrdn. of 14C-labeled fluvalinate (I) [69409-94-5] was studied in soln. (MeOH and water) and as thin films (on glass and soil). I has a half life of ~1 day when an aq. soln. (1 ppb) or thin films (1-4 mg/cm2) are exposed to sunlight. Hydrolysis of the cyano moiety in I to CONH2 (￡18% yield) was the only significant modification of the intact ester, a reaction that was nonphotochem. and directly proportional to temp. 2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline [39885-50-2] was the major photoproduct from the acid portion of I as a thin film on glass or in aq. soln. (￡40 and 18% of the applied 14C, resp.). For thin films of I on soil, the acid portion was converted mainly to an anilino acid (max. 24% yield). Under all photochem. conditions 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde [39515-51-0] and its corresponding acid [3739-38-6] were major products (40-50% of the applied dose). Other photoproducts of I in sunlight recovered in 3-11% yields included a formanilide [90720-05-1], an oxamic acid [90720-06-2], (3-phenoxyphenylacetonitrile [51632-29-2], and the cyanohydrin of 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde [39515-47-4]. .