Reference

Chemical regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis

Chemical regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis. Part 9. Synthetic regulators of carotenoid biosynthesis in Citrus paradisi. Poling, Stephen M.; Hsu, Wan-Jean; Yokoyama, Henry (Fruit Veg. Chem. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., USA). Phytochemistry, 15(11), 1685-7 (English) 1976. CODEN: PYTCAS. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 3 (Biochemical Interactions) The ability of 16 amines to induce carotenoid biosynthesis in Marsh seedless grapefruit was correlated with the octanol-water partition coeff. and the Hammett consts. The compds. fell into 3 series: I (R = H, NH2, CN, NO2, MeO, Me, tert-Bu, F, Cl, Br) II (R = H, Me, NO2), and III (R = o-Me, m-Me, p-Me). Total carotene content increased up to 12-fold. Lycopene [502-65-8], no normally accumulated, became a major pigment. The benzoates caused up to a 24-fold increase in the .beta.-carotene [7235-40-7] content. Except for the larger accumulation of cyclic carotenes, the mode of action of these amines appears to be similar to that of 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamine hydrochloride.Except for chemicals metioned above, 13456-39-8 and 19881-34-6 are also used. .

Inhibition of phytol accumulation with herbicides

Inhibition of phytol accumulation with herbicides. Geranylgeraniol and dihydrogeranylgeraniol-containing chlorophyll from wheat seedlings. Ruediger, W.; Benz, J.; Lempert, U.; Schoch, S.; Steffens, D. (Bot. Inst., Univ. Muenchen, Munich, Ger.). Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 80(2), 131-43 (German) 1976. CODEN: ZSPPAD. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemicals) The accumulation of carotenoids, phytol [150-86-7], and chlorophyll by etiolated wheat seedlings during exposure to white light was inhibited equally by the herbicide Sandoz 6706 [23576-23-0] and its demethyl deriv. Sandoz 9789 [27314-13-2]. 61-82-5 and 61864-04-8 are also in the experiment. Treatment with amitrole (I) [61-82-5], however, inhibited the accumulation of chlorophyll more strongly than that of carotenoids and less strongly than that of phytol. The principal carotenoid detected after I treatment was lycopene [502-65-8]. I treatment led to the accumulation of new chlorophyll species (isolated as pheophytins) which contained all-trans-geranylgeraniol [24034-73-9] and dihydrogeranylgeraniol [61864-04-8] instead of phytol. The alcs. were isolated after sapon. of the corresponding pheophytin fractions and identified by thin-layer and gas chromatog. and by mass spectrometry. The new chlorophylls are considered to be intermediates in the biosynthesis of normal chlorophyll. .