- Regioselectivity in the amination of methylsulfanyl-substituted azines with O-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine
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Reactions of O-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine with 2-(methylsulfanyl) pyrazine, 2-(methylsulfanyl) pyrimidine, and 3,5-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl) pyrimidines involve both sulfur and nitrogen atoms. The amination products at the sulfur atom prevail in th
- Borodkin,Vorob'Ev,Shakirov,Shubin
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- Small molecules that protect against β-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting aggregation of β-amyloid
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Aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) plays crucial roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, therefore blockade of Aβ aggregation is considered as a potential therapeutic target. We designed and synthesized small molecules to reduce Aβ-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting Aβ aggregation. The small molecules were screened via ThT, MTT, and cell-based cytotoxicity assay (Aβ burden assay). Selected compounds 1c, 1d, 1e, and 1f were then investigated by evaluating their effects on cognitive impairment of acute AD mice model. Learning and memory dysfunction by injection of Aβ(1-42) was recovered by administration of these molecules. Especially, 1d showed the best recovery activity in Y-maze task, object recognition task, and passive avoidance task with dose dependent manner. These results suggest that 1d has high potential as a therapeutic agent for AD.
- Lee, Yun Suk,Kim, Hye Yun,Kim, Youngsoo,Seo, Jae Hong,Roh, Eun Joo,Han, Hogyu,Shin, Kye Jung
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experimental part
p. 4921 - 4935
(2012/10/08)
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- SH-methylation of SH-containing heterocycles with dimethyl carbonate via phase-transfer catalytic reaction
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A reaction of SH-containing heterocycles with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in the presence of K2CO3 and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4NBr) gave heteroaryl methyl thioethers in 44-93% yields. The reaction was carried out under mild conditions. This method provided a useful synthetic method for preparation of various heteroaryl methyl thioethers without the use of toxic methylic halides or dimethyl sulfate.
- Xie, Jian-Gang,Quan, Jing,Li, Shu-Bai,Zheng, Yan,Zhu, Li-Min
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experimental part
p. 871 - 878
(2011/04/22)
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- Ionic liquids - Promoted S-methylation of thiols utilizing dimethyl carbonate
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Convenient and efficient S-methylation of mercaptans or thiophenols occurs with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) [Bmim]Cl. [Bmim]Cl can be recycled in four subsequent runs with only a gradual decrease in activity. A possible mechanism of this transformation is also discussed. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Xie, Jiangang,Wu, Chengyao,Christopher, Branford White,Quan, Jing,Zhu, Limin
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experimental part
p. 31 - 37
(2011/04/22)
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- An easy and fast ultrasonic selective S-alkylation of hetaryl thiols at room temperature
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A series of 2-alkylthio derivatives of hetaryl thiols were synthesized by selective S-alkylation with alkyl halides (bromides and iodides) with ultrasonic irradiation at room temperature. The reaction was found to be generally applicable to hetaryl thiol derivatives with different substituents in the aromatic nucleus and various alkyl halides. The reaction gives high to excellent yields of products with high purity.
- Deligeorgiev, Todor,Kaloyanova, Stefka,Lesev, Nedyalko,Vaquero, Juan J.
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experimental part
p. 783 - 788
(2011/10/09)
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- One-pot two-step solvent-free rapid and clean synthesis of 2-(substituted amino)pyrimidines by microwave irradiation
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abs A series of diversely 2-(substituted amino)pyrimidines (along with ring substitution) has been synthesized under solvent- and catalyst-free microwave conditions from substituted guanidines and β-diketones. The substituted guanidines are synthesized from (S)-methylisothiourea sulfate and different amines (various alkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic and also chiral amines) under microwave irradiation. These two-step reactions are performed in one-pot without isolating any intermediate. This protocol has been successfully applied for the synthesis of bisaminopyrimidines and 2-substituted aminopyrimidines containing chiral moiety where chirality remains undisturbed.
- Goswami, Shyamaprosad,Hazra, Anita,Jana, Subrata
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experimental part
p. 1175 - 1181
(2009/12/25)
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- Facile synthesis and systematic investigations of a series of novel bent-shaped two-photon absorption chromophores based on pyrimidine
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The synthesis, structure, and single- and two-photon spectroscopic properties of a series of pyrimidinebased (bent-shaped) molecules are reported. All these stable heterocyclic compounds are fully characterized, and exhibit intense single- and two-photon excited fluorescence (SPEF and TPEF) over a wide spectral range from blue to red, with the spectral peak position of the SPEF being basically the same as that of the TPEF. The well-conjugated p-systems, observed from the crystalstructure, indicate the charge transfer feature of the ground state. Meanwhile, the theoretical and experimental studies indicate that the charge transfer from donor to acceptor is greatly enhanced in the excited states and the different substituted donor groups on the pyrimidine have a large effect on the optical and electrochemical properties. Based on typical structure data and comprehensive spectral data, the following structure-property relationships can be determined: for such bentshaped chromophores, the absorption and the fluorescence wavelength maximum of the SPEF and TPEF, and twophoton absorption cross sections show a similar trend with increasing electron- donating strength of the corresponding terminal group and the number of branches, while the average bond lengths of the p-linkage and HOMO-LUMO energy levels show an inverse trend. Experimental data and theoretical calculation provide a coherent picture. With these findings, bentshaped quadrupolar chromophores combining peak TPA cross sections (up to 2280 GM), broad TPA bands throughout the whole 700-900 nm range, and high fluorescence quantum yields could, thus, be obtained. Such compounds are of particular interest for TPEF microscopy, as well as optical data storage in the visible and NIR regions. A data recording experiment proved the potential application of these materials.
- Li, Lin,Tian, Yu-Peng,Yang, Jia-Xiang,Sun, Ping-Ping,Wu, Jie-Ying,Zhou, Hong-Ping,Zhang, Sheng-Yi,Jin, Bao-Kang,Xing, Xiao-Juan,Wang, Chuan-Kui,Li, Ming,Cheng, Guang-Hua,Tang, Huo-Hong,Huang, Wen-Hao,Tao, Xu-Tang,Jiang, Min-Hua
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p. 668 - 680
(2011/06/20)
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- Synthesis of new triazolopyrimidines and substituted pyrimidines.
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Hydrazinopyrimidine 3 was prepared and transformed into 4, 5 by the reaction with Ar-Cl and POCl3, respectively. Also 3 transformed into 6, 7 by the reaction with ArCHO and FeCl3 respectively. Compound 8 was prepared and transformed into 9, 10, 11 by the reaction with DDC, ethyl bromoacetate and Sodium ethoxide respectively.
- Ouf
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p. 275 - 279
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel benzo[1,4]diazepin-2-one derivatives as endothelin receptor antagonists
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Since its discovery in 1988 by Yanagisawa et al., endothelin (ET), a potent vasoconstrictor, has been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal diseases. Many research groups have embarked on the discovery and development of ET receptor antagonists for the treatment of such diseases. While several compounds, e.g., ambrisentan 2, are in late clinical trials for various indications, one compound (bosentan, Tracleer) is being marketed to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. Inspired by the structure of ambrisentan 2, we designed a novel class of ET receptor antagonists based on a 1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2-one scaffold. Here, we report on the preparation as well as the in vitro and in vivo structure-activity relationships of these derivatives. Potent dual ET A/ETB receptor antagonists with affinities in the low nanomolar range have been identified. In addition, several compounds efficiently reduced arterial blood pressure after oral administration to Dahl salt sensitive rats. In this animal model, the efficacy of the benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2-one derivative rac-39au was superior to that of racemic ambrisentan, rac-2.
- Bolli, Martin H.,Marfurt, Judith,Grisostomi, Corinna,Boss, Christoph,Binkert, Christoph,Hess, Patrick,Treiber, Alexander,Thorin, Eric,Morrison, Keith,Buchmann, Stephan,Bur, Daniel,Ramuz, Henri,Clozel, Martine,Fischli, Walter,Weller, Thomas
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p. 2776 - 2795
(2007/10/03)
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- INHIBITORS OF PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE
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Compounds of formula (I) in free or salt form, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 have the meanings as indicated in the specification, are useful for treating conditions that are mediated by mediated by phosphatidylinos
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- Azinyloxy, and phenoxy-diaryl-carboxylic acid derivatives, their preparation and use as mixed ETA/ETB endothelin receptor antagonists
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The invention relates to carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula I where the radicals have the meanings stated in the description, and to their use as drugs.
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Page column 15
(2010/02/05)
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- Synthesis and anxiolytic activity of N-substituted cyclic imides (1R*,2S*3R*,4S*)-N-[4-[4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-2,3-b icyclo[2.2.1]heptanedicarboxime (Tandospirone) and related compounds
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A series of cyclic imides bearing a ω-(4-aryl and 4-heteroaryl-1-piperazinyl)alkyl moieties was synthesized and tested in vivo for anxiolytic activity. The in vitro binding affinities of these compounds were also examined for 5-HT(1A) receptor sites. Structure-activity relationships within these series are discussed. One of these compounds, (1R*,2S*,3R*,4S*)-N-[4-[4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-2,3- bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanedicarboximide (1: tandospirone), was found to be equipotent with buspirone in its anxiolytic activity and more anxio-selective than buspirone and diazepam. Tandospirone (1) is currently undergoing clinical evaluation as a selective anxiolytic agent.
- Ishizumi,Kojima,Antoku
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p. 2288 - 2300
(2007/10/02)
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- INTRODUCTION OF SELENIUM TO HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. PART V. SYNTHESIS PF 2-PYRIMIDINESELENONES FROM 2-PYRIMIDINETHIONES
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The earlier described method of introduction of selenium to the five-membered heterocyclic ring was applied to synthesize the six-membered heterocyclic ring containing an exocyclic atom of selenium.Ten new derivatives of 2-pyrimidineselenone have been obtained from methylation products of appropriate derivatives of 2-pyrimidinethione treated with the HSe- ion.The structure of the obtained compounds has been confirmed by spectral data.The contribution of and bond vibrations in the IR spectrum is discussed.
- Korohoda, Maria Jolanta,Slomska, Elzbieta,Szczurek, Halina
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p. 165 - 171
(2007/10/02)
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