- Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed Proton Exchange in Amides
-
The kinetics of acid-catalyzed proton exchange in a series of primary amides were studied by NMR.The saturation-transfer method measures independently all six rate constants for exchange among sites HE, HZ, and solvent OH (usually et
- Perrin, Charles L.,Johnston, Eric R.
-
-
Read Online
- Efficient nitriding reagent and application thereof
-
The invention discloses an efficient nitriding reagent and application thereof, wherein the nitriding reagent comprises nitrogen oxide, an active agent, a reducing agent and an organic solvent. By applying the nitriding reagent, nitrogen-containing compounds such as amide, nitrile and the like can be produced, and the method is simple in condition, low in waste discharge amount and simple in reaction equipment.
- -
-
Paragraph 0517-0520
(2021/03/31)
-
- Method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds
-
The invention belongs to the field of organic chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds. The method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds comprises the following steps of carrying out catalytic reduction on an N-substituted amide compound at 30-130 DEG C by using a protic solvent as a reduction reagent and a dichloro(p-methyl isopropylbenzene) ruthenium (II) dimer complex as a catalyst to obtain a reaction solution after the reduction reaction is finished, and carrying out post-treatment on the reaction solution to obtain the corresponding primary amide compound or secondary amide compound. According to the method for preparing the primary and secondary amide compounds, the transfer hydrogenation reaction of nitrogen-oxygen and nitrogen-carbon bonds is realized, the reaction conditions are mild and simple, the substrate application range is wide, the operation is convenient, and the corresponding primary amide compound or secondary amide compound is obtained with high efficiency and high selectivity.
- -
-
Paragraph 0079-0089
(2021/02/06)
-
- Nitromethane as a nitrogen donor in Schmidt-type formation of amides and nitriles
-
The Schmidt reaction has been an efficient and widely used synthetic approach to amides and nitriles since its discovery in 1923. However, its application often entails the use of volatile, potentially explosive, and highly toxic azide reagents. Here, we report a sequence whereby triflic anhydride and formic and acetic acids activate the bulk chemical nitromethane to serve as a nitrogen donor in place of azides in Schmidt-like reactions. This protocol further expands the substrate scope to alkynes and simple alkyl benzenes for the preparation of amides and nitriles.
- Jiao, Ning,Liu, Jianzhong,Qiu, Xu,Song, Song,Wei, Jialiang,Wen, Xiaojin,Zhang, Cheng,Zhang, Ziyao
-
supporting information
p. 281 - 285
(2020/01/28)
-
- Supported palladium catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryl iodides employing bench-stable CO and NH3surrogates
-
A simple, efficient and phosphine free protocol for carbonylative synthesis of primary aromatic amides under polystyrene supported palladium (Pd?PS) nanoparticle (NP) catalyzed conditions has been demonstrated. Herein, instead of using two toxic and difficult to handle gases simultaneously, we have employed the solid, economical, bench stable oxalic acid as the CO source and ammonium carbamate as the NH3source in a single pot reaction. For the first time, we have applied two non-gaseous surrogates simultaneously under heterogeneous catalyst (Pd?PS) conditions for the synthesis of primary amides using an easy to handle double-vial (DV) system. The developed strategy showed a good functional group tolerance towards a wide range of aryl iodides and afforded primary aromatic amides in good yields. The Pd?PS catalyst was easy to separate and can be recycled up to four consecutive runs with small loss in catalytic activity. We have successfully extended the scope of the methodology to the synthesis of isoindole-1,3-diones from 1,2-dihalobenzene, 2-halobenzoates and 2-halobenzoic acid following double and single carbonylative cyclization approaches.
- Bains, Rohit,Das, Pralay,Kumar, Ajay,Ram, Shankar,Shaifali,Sheetal
-
supporting information
p. 7193 - 7200
(2020/10/02)
-
- Ti-superoxide catalyzed oxidative amidation of aldehydes with saccharin as nitrogen source: Synthesis of primary amides
-
A new heterogeneous catalytic system (Ti-superoxide/saccharin/TBHP) has been developed that efficiently catalyzes oxidative amidation of aldehydes to produce various primary amides. The protocol employs saccharin as amine source and was found to tolerate a wide range of substrates with different functional groups. Moderate to excellent yields, catalyst reusability and operational simplicity are the main highlights. A possible mechanism and the role of the catalyst in oxidative amidation have also been discussed.
- Kamble, Rohit B.,Mane, Kishor D.,Rupanawar, Bapurao D.,Korekar, Pranjal,Sudalai,Suryavanshi, Gurunath
-
p. 724 - 728
(2020/01/23)
-
- COMPOSITION AND LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE USING THE SAME
-
A composition containing phosphorescent compounds represented by formula (1) and formula (2) are provided. M1 and M2 each represent an iridium atom, n1 and n3 each denote an integer of 1 or more; n and n4
- -
-
Paragraph 0631; 0632; 0633
(2019/01/04)
-
- METAL COMPLEX AND LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE USING THE SAME
-
Provided is a metal complex excellent in light emission stability. The metal complex is represented by the formula (1): wherein M represents an iridium atom or the like, n1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, n2 represents an integer o
- -
-
Paragraph 0389; 0390
(2017/07/06)
-
- LIGHT-EMITTING COMPOUND
-
A compound of formula (I): wherein M is a transition metal; x is at least 1; z is 0 or a positive integer; L1 is a ligand selected from one of ligands (II-A), (II-B); L2 is a ligand selected from another of ligands of formulae (II-A), (II-B) and (II-C); and L3 is a ligand other than a ligand of formulae (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C): (II-A) (II-B) (II-C) in which each of R1 - R6 is substituent and Ar1 - Ar3 are each an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl group. The compound of formula (I) may be used as a phosphorescent light-emitting material of an organic light-emitting device.
- -
-
Page/Page column 24; 25
(2017/07/06)
-
- A Brevibacterium process for synthesizing amide
-
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing amide through nitrile hydrolysis. The method comprises the following steps: adding nitrile, acetaldoxime, water, a water-soluble rhodium complex to a reaction vessel, and cooling to room temperature after reaction of a reaction mixture for several hours at the temperature of 50-80 DEG C; and adding ethyl acetate for extraction so as to obtain an organic layer, and carrying out rotary evaporation to remove a solvent, thus obtaining a target product. Compared with a method for synthesizing amide through nitrile hydrolysis by using oxime as a water source in a transition metal catalysis process, the method has the advantages that a used catalyst is low in loading and does not contain a phosphine ligand seriously polluting environments, synthesis can be performed in air, and nitrogen protection is not needed; and therefore, the method meets the green chemistry requirements and has a wide development prospect.
- -
-
Paragraph 0032; 0033; 0034; 0035
(2017/04/29)
-
- Oxidative Coupling between Methylarenes and Ammonia: A Direct Approach to Aromatic Primary Amides
-
A direct oxidative amidation between methylarenes and aqueous ammonia using a tert-butyl hydroperoxide and tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBHP/TBAI) oxidation system with co-catalysis of iron(III) chloride has been developed. Both coupling partners were used in their native form to render prior functionalization unnecessary and afford a facile approach to aromatic primary amides.
- Zhao, Zhenguang,Wang, Tao,Yuan, Lin,Hu, Xu,Xiong, Fei,Zhao, Junfeng
-
p. 2566 - 2570
(2015/08/18)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of primary benzamides from aryl bromides via a cyanation and hydration sequence
-
An interesting and effective procedure for the synthesis of benzamides from aryl bromides has been developed. In the presence of a palladium catalyst, various primary benzamides have been produced in moderate to excellent yields in a one-pot one-step manner.
- Sharif, Muhammad,Wu, Xiao-Feng
-
p. 21001 - 21004
(2015/03/30)
-
- Transition metal-free synthesis of primary amides from aldehydes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride
-
Primary aromatic amides can be synthesized from aldehydes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of Cs2CO3. Various aromatic aldehydes (include some heteroaromatic aldehydes) are able to generate the corresponding aromatic amides in moderate to excellent yields.
- Wang, Wei,Zhao, Xue-Mei,Wang, Jing-Li,Geng, Xin,Gong, Jun-Fang,Hao, Xin-Qi,Song, Mao-Ping
-
supporting information
p. 3192 - 3194
(2014/05/20)
-
- Manganese oxide promoted liquid-phase aerobic oxidative amidation of methylarenes to monoamides using ammonia surrogates
-
In the presence of amorphous MnO2, various methylarenes (even with two or more methyl groups) could be selectively converted into the corresponding primary monoamides in moderate to high yields. The observed catalysis was truly heterogeneous, and the retrieved amorphous MnO2 catalyst could be reused without an appreciable loss of its catalytic performance. Copyright
- Wang, Ye,Yamaguchi, Kazuya,Mizuno, Noritaka
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 7250 - 7253
(2012/08/28)
-
- Separating agent for enantiomeric isomers
-
The present invention provides a separating agent for enantiomeric isomers exhibiting high separation power. That is, the present invention provides a separating agent for enantiomeric isomers including, as an active ingredient, a polysaccharide derivative having at least part of hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups of a polysaccharide such as cellulose or amylose substituted by at least one of atomic groups represented by the following general formulae (I) and (II): (in the formulae, R represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic group).
- -
-
Page/Page column 6
(2010/04/23)
-
- NOVEL HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS
-
The invention is related to compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, and/ or phosphonate thereof, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds.
- -
-
Page/Page column 348
(2009/03/07)
-
- Novel HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors
-
The invention is related to compounds of Formula (I), (II), or (III): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, and/or phosphonate thereof, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds.
- -
-
Page/Page column 118-119
(2008/06/13)
-
- Sequential O- and N-acylation protocol for high-yield preparation and modification of rotaxanes: Synthesis, functionalization, structure, and intercomponent interaction of rotaxanes
-
A pseudorotaxane consisting of a 24-membered crown ether and secondary ammonium salt with the hydroxy group at the terminus was quantitatively acylated by bulky acid anhydride in the presence of tributylphosphane as catalyst to afford the corresponding rotaxane in high yield. Large-scale synthesis without chromatographic separation was easily achieved. The ammonium group in the resulting rotaxane was quantitatively acylated with excess electrophile in the presence of excess trialkylamine. Various N-functionalized rotaxanes were prepared by this sequential double-acylation protocol. 1H NMR spectra and X-ray crystallographic analyses of the rotaxanes showed that the crown ether component was captured on the ammonium group in ammonium-type rotaxane by strong hydrogen-bonding intercomponent interaction. The conformation around the ammonium group was fixed by the hydrogen-bonding interaction. Meanwhile, the conformation of the amide-type rotaxane was determined by the weak CH/π interaction between the methylene group in crown ether and the benzene ring of the axle component. The N-acylation of ammonium-type rotaxane is useful for the preparation of both functionalized rotaxanes and weak intercomponent interaction-based rotaxanes.
- Tachibana, Yuya,Kawasaki, Hiroaki,Kihara, Nobuhiro,Takata, Toshikazu
-
p. 5093 - 5104
(2007/10/03)
-
- Synthesis of chiral (phosphinoaryl)oxazolines, a versatile class of ligands for asymmetric catalysis
-
Enantiomerically pure 2-oxazolines are readily prepared from 2-bromobenzonitrile by transmetalation with BuLi, subsequent reaction with chlorodiphenylphosphine and conversion of the resulting phosphinoaryl nitrile to the oxazoli
- Koch, Guido,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.,Loiseleur, Olivier,Pfaltz, Andreas,Pretot, Roger,et al.
-
p. 206 - 210
(2007/10/02)
-
- Reaction of N-(4-Pyridylmethyl)benzamide N-oxides with Ethyl Cyanoacetate in the Presence of Acetic Anhydride
-
Reaction of N-(4-pyridylmethyl)benzamide N-oxides 2a-f with ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of acetic anhydride yield dimerization compounds 3a-f and (E)-ethyl 2-cyano-3-(4-pyridyl)-3-(benzoylamino)acrylates 4a-f, which react with hydrazine to give 4-cyano-3-(4-pyridyl)-3-pyrazolin-5-one 9 and the corresponding benzamides 10a-f.
- Brana, Miguel F.,Rodriguez, Maria L. Lopez,Rodriguez, Concepcion,Garrido-Pertierra, Amando
-
p. 1019 - 1022
(2007/10/02)
-
- Reaction of N-(2-Pyridylmethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzamide and N-(3-Pyridylmethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzamide N-Oxides with Acetic Anhydride
-
As a continuation of our work on the reaction of N-pyridylmethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzamide N-oxides with acetic anhydride, we now report a study of the reaction of N-(2-pyridylmethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzamide N-oxide (5) and N-(3-pyridylmethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzamide N-oxide (6) with acetic anhydride.Compound 5 gave N,N'-di(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-1,2-di(2-pyridyl)ethenediamine (7) and 3,5-dimethylbenzamide (8).Compound 6 afforded three products formulated as 2-acetoxy-3-(3,5-dimethylbenzoylaminomethyl)pyridine (12), 3-(3,5-dimethylbenzoylaminomethyl)-2-pyridone (13) and 5-(3,5-dimethylbenzoylaminomethyl)-2-pyridone (14).Analytical and spectral data are presented which support the structures proposed.
- Brana, Miguel F.,Rodriguez, Maria Luz Lopez
-
p. 1297 - 1300
(2007/10/02)
-
- Synthesis and Reactivity of N--3,5-dimethylbenzamide
-
The synthesis of N--3,5-dimethylbenzamide (4) and its reactivity are described.Since the acetoxy is a good leaving group, 4 gives SN processes easily.
- Brana, Miguel F.,Rodriquez, Maria L. Lopez
-
p. 869 - 871
(2007/10/02)
-
