- Saccharomonosporine A inspiration; synthesis of potent analogues as potential PIM kinase inhibitors
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Saccharomonosporine A was recently reported as a natural anti-cancer agent working through inhibition of a Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM-1) kinase. Structural bioisosteres of this natural product were synthesized and t
- Abdel-Rahman, Hamdy M.,Abdelmohsen, Usama Ramadan,Aboulmagd, Asmaa M.,Hassan, Hossam M.,Sayed, Ahmed M.
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p. 6752 - 6762
(2020/03/03)
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- NaI-mediated divergent synthesis of isatins and isoindigoes: A new protocol enabled by an oxidation relay strategy
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A new approach for the synthesis of isatins and isoindigoes by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly NaI-mediated transformation is disclosed. The selectivity could be switched by simply varying the solvent, and isatins (using THF) and isoindigoes (using DMSO) could be obtained in moderate to excellent yields.
- Zhang, Hong-Hua,Wang, Yong-Qiang,Huang, Long-Tao,Zhu, Long-Qing,Feng, Yi-Yue,Lu, Ying-Mei,Zhao, Quan-Yi,Wang, Xue-Qiang,Wang, Zhen
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supporting information
p. 8265 - 8268
(2018/07/29)
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- Methylisoindigo and its bromo-derivatives are selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors, repressing cellular stat3 activity, and target CD133+ cancer stem cells in PDAC
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Indirubin is an active component of the herbal ingredient 'Danggui Longhui wan', which was used for the treatment of inflammation and chronic myeloid leukemia in China. The recent study showed its derivative methylisoindigo (also known as meisoindigo) preferentially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in interference with AMPK and LKB1, the cellular metabolic sensors. In this study, we screened the effect of meisoindigo on a panel of 300 protein kinases and found that it selectively inhibited Stat3-associated tyrosine kinases and further confirmed its activity in cell based assays. To gain a deeper insight into the structure-activity relationship we produced 7 bromo-derivatives exhausting the accessible positions on the bisindole backbone except for in the 4-position due to the space limitation. We compared their anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells. We found that 6-bromomeisoindigo showed improved toxicity in company with increased Stat3 inhibition. Moreover, we detected that 6-bromomeisoindigo induced apoptosis of 95% of CD133+ pancreatic cancer cells. Considering that CD133 is a common marker highly expressed in a range of CSCs, our results imply the potential application of 6-bromomeisoindigo for the treatment of CSCs in different types of cancers.
- Tegethoff, Jana,Bischoff, Roland,Saleh, Sawsan,Blagojevic, Biljana,Merz, Karl-Heinz,Cheng, Xinlai
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- Utilizing Solubility differences to achieve regiocontrol in the synthesis of substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids
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A practical method for the regiocontrolled synthesis of substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids is described. Solubility differences between the product quinoline regioisomers enable their facile separation, thus avoiding any challenging chromatographic purifications and allowing access to highly substituted quinoline compounds in three steps from commercially available anilines.
- Lindsay-Scott, Peter J.,Barlow, Helen
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supporting information
p. 1516 - 1520
(2016/06/14)
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- Novel synthesis of 4-or 6-substituted indirubin derivatives
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A simple and convenient route for synthesis of a series of 4-or 6-substituted indirubin derivatives by oxidation and subsequent condensation of indoxyl and isatin is described. Acidic reaction conditions are crucial to the condensation of 4-substituted derivatives, whereas for the condensation of 6-substituted derivatives, both acidic and basic conditions work well. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Zhang, Aiying,Yu, Mingfeng,Lan, Tian,Liu, Zenglu,Mao, Zhenmin
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experimental part
p. 3125 - 3134
(2010/12/24)
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- Structure - activity relationship studies leading to the identification of (2E)-3-[l-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-5-fluoro-3-methyl-lH-indol-7-yl]-N-[(4, 5-dichloro-2-thienyl)sulfonyl]-2-propenamide (DG-041), a potent and selective prostanoid EP3 receptor antagonist, as a novel antiplatelet agent that does not prolong bleeding
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The EP3 receptor on the platelet mediates prostaglandin E 2 potentiation of thrombogenic coagonists including collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). A pharmacophore driven approach led to the identification of diverse peri-substituted heterocycles as potent and selective EP3 receptor antagonists. A simultaneous chemical optimization and druglike assessment of prioritized molecules converged on a lead compound 50 (DG-041) that displayed favorable in vitro and functional activities as an inhibitor of human platelet aggregation. This agent is currently in human clinical trials for the treatment of atherothrombosis.
- Singh, Jasbir,Zeller, Wayne,Zhou, Nian,Hategan, Georgeta,Mishra, Rama K.,Polozov, Alex,Yu, Peng,Onua, Emmanuel,Zhang, Jun,Ramírez, José L.,Sigthorsson, Gudmundur,Thorsteinnsdottir, Margret,Kiselyov, Alex S.,Zembower, David E.,Andrésson, Thorkell,Gurney, Mark E.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 18 - 36
(2010/04/26)
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- Counter-current chromatography separation of isatin derivatives using the sandmeyer methodology
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A rapid and efficient method, using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) technique, was developed for the separation of isomeric isatin derivatives, prepared following the Sandmeyer route. The biphasic solvent system composed of hexane:ethyl acetate:ethanol:water 1:0.5:0.5:1 (v/v/v/v) was used for all separations.
- Almeida, Ma?rcia R.,Leita?o, Gilda G.,Silva, Ba?rbara V.,Barbosa, Jussara P.,Pintoa, Angelo C.
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scheme or table
p. 764 - 769
(2010/08/13)
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- Bacterial translation inhibitors, 1-acylindazol-3-ols as anthranilic acid mimics
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The discovery and initial optimization of a novel anthranilic acid derived class of antibacterial agents has been described in a recent series of papers. This paper describes the discovery of 1-acylindazol-3-ols as a novel bioisostere of an anthranilic acid. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of the indazol bioisosteres are described herein.
- Stiff, Cory,Graber, David R.,Thorarensen, Atli,Wakefield, Brian D.,Marotti, Keith R.,Melchior, Earline P.,Sweeney, Michael T.,Han, Fusen,Rohrer, Douglas C.,Zurenko, Gary E.,Romero, Donna L.
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scheme or table
p. 6293 - 6297
(2009/07/18)
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- CARBOXYLIC ACID PERI - SUBSTITUTED BICYCLICS FOR OCCLUSIVE ARTERY DISEASE
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Peri-substituted, fused bicyclic ring carboxylic acids useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of a prostaglandin-mediated disease or condition are disclosed.
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Page/Page column 118
(2010/11/08)
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- INDIRUBIN-TYPE COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE
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Compounds and compositions including 6-bromo-indirubin, 5-amino-indirubin and N-methyl-indirubins and related indirubin derivatives are provided that are useful as selective modulators of glycogen synthase kinase-3, cyclin-dependent protein kinases or aryl hydrocarbon receptors. Methods of inhibiting or modulating cell growth or cell cycling are provided using the compounds of the invention. In other aspects, compounds and methods for the treatment of protozoan-mediated diseases, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes are provided.
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Page/Page column 24; Figure 2A
(2008/06/13)
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- 3-3-DI-SUBSTITUTED-OXINDOLES AS INHIBITORS OF TRANSLATION INITIATION
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Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation using 3-(5-tert-Butyl-2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or its derivatives are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using 3-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or its derivatives are described.
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Page/Page column 26; 35
(2008/06/13)
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- Structural Basis for the Synthesis of Indirubins as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
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Pharmacological inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and cyclin-dependent kinases have a promising potential for applications against several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Indirubins, a family of bis-indoles isolated from various natural sources, are potent inhibitors of several kinases, including GSK-3. Using the cocrystal structures of various indirubins with GSK-3β, CDK2 and CDK5/p25, we have modeled the binding of indirubins within the ATP-binding pocket of these kinases. This modeling approach provided some insight into the molecular basis of indirubins' action and selectivity and allowed us to forecast some improvements of this family of bis-indoles as kinase inhibitors. Predicted molecules, including 6-substituted and 5,6-disubstituted indirubins, were synthesized and evaluated as CDK and GSK-3 inhibitors. Control, kinase-inactive indirubins were obtained by introduction of a methyl substitution on N1.
- Polychronopoulos, Panagiotis,Magiatis, Prokopios,Skaltsounis, Alexios-Leandros,Myrianthopoulos, Vassilios,Mikros, Emmanuel,Tarricone, Aldo,Musacchio, Andrea,Roe, S. Mark,Pearl, Laurence,Leost, Maryse,Greengard, Paul,Meijer, Laurent
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p. 935 - 946
(2007/10/03)
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- Oxindole derivatives as orally active potent growth hormone secretagogues
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A series of substituted oxindole derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for growth hormone (GH) releasing activity using cultured rat pituitary cells. (+)-6-Carbamoyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-(2-diethylaminoethyl)- 4-trifluoromethyloxindole (SM-130686, 37S) was found to have potent activity (EC50 = 3.0 nM), while the other enantiomer 37R had reduced activity. The absolute configuration of 37S was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 37S showed a good pharmacokinetic profile in rats with 28% oral bioavailability at 10 mg/kg and excellent in vivo activity as evidenced by a significant weight gain after 4 days of oral administration at 10 mg/kg twice a day. Compound 37S displaced the binding of 35S-MK-677 to human GHS-R with an IC50 value of 1.2 ± 0.2 nM.
- Tokunaga,Hume,Umezome,Okazaki,Ueki,Kumagai,Hourai,Nagamine,Seki,Taiji,Noguchi,Nagata
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p. 4641 - 4649
(2007/10/03)
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- Tyrian purple precursors in the egg masses of the Australian muricid, Dicathais orbita: A possible defensive role
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We report a putative defensive role for the precursors of Tyrian purple in the egg masses of the Australian muricid, Dicathais orbita. The fresh egg masses contain a high proportion of tyrindoleninone, which reacts to form tyriverdin and subsequently Tyrian purple and 6-bromoisatin as the eggs develop and the larvae hatch. Antimicrobial testing revealed that tyrindoleninone is toxic to both marine and human pathogens at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Tyriverdin inhibits the growth of two marine pathogens, as well as the yeast Candida albicans at 0.001 mg/ml and was effectively bacteriostatic at 0.0005 mg/ml against three human pathogenic bacteria. Tyriverdin did not appear to significantly lyse the microbial cells. 6-Bromoisatin has mild antimicrobial properties, whereas Tyrian purple exhibited no significant activity. The antimicrobial properties of these compounds and changes in their presence during egg development correlates with ripening in the egg masses of D. orbita. This is the first report of the chemical ripening of eggs in a marine environment.
- Benkendorff, Kirsten,Bremner, John B.,Davis, Andrew R.
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p. 1037 - 1050
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of 123I-labelled analogues of imidazobenzodiazepine receptor ligands
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Reaction of bromo- or iodo-substituted isatoic anhydrides with N-methylglycine, L-proline or D-proline afforded bromo- or iodo-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepinediones which on condensation with ethyl or t-butyl isocyanoacetates gave ethyl or t-butyl bromo- or iodo-imidazobenzodiazepine carboxylates. These aryl halides were converted into the corresponding tributylstannanes with bis(tributyltin) in the presence of (triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and the stannanes were treated with sodium (123I)iodide in the presence of chloramine-T to give the required 123I-labelled analogues of the imidazobenzodiazepine receptor ligands flumazenil and bretazenil.
- Katsifis, Andrew G.,McPhee, Meredith E.,Mattner, Filomena,Ridley, Damon D.
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p. 1061 - 1069
(2007/10/03)
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