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HEPES, also known as 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, is a widely used all-purpose buffer in biological research. It is a zwitterionic molecule effective as a buffer at pH 6.8 to 8.2 (pKa 7.55) and is typically used in cell culture at concentrations between 5mM to 30 mM. HEPES is water-soluble, atmosphere-independent, and is known for its ability to maintain a constant pH range for long-term experiments.

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  • 7365-45-9 Structure
  • Basic information

    1. Product Name: HEPES
    2. Synonyms: 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonicaci;hepesfreeacid;4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINEETHANESULFONIC ACID;4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)PIPERAZINE-1-ETHANESULFONIC ACID;2-[4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINE]ETHANESULFONIC ACID;2-[4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINYL]ETHANESULFONIC ACID;LABOTEST-BB LT00138109;LABOTEST-BB LT00233156
    3. CAS NO:7365-45-9
    4. Molecular Formula: C8H18N2O4S
    5. Molecular Weight: 238.3
    6. EINECS: 230-907-9
    7. Product Categories: Biochemistry;Good's Buffers;Buffer;ReagentsBiological Buffers;AlphabeticalMolecular Biology;Biological Buffers;BioUltra Buffers;BioUltraMolecular Biology;DNA&RNA Purification;Molecular Biology Reagents;Zwitterionic
    8. Mol File: 7365-45-9.mol
  • Chemical Properties

    1. Melting Point: 234-238 °C
    2. Boiling Point: 408℃[at 101 325 Pa]
    3. Flash Point: N/A
    4. Appearance: White/powder
    5. Density: 1.07 g/mL at 20 °C
    6. Vapor Pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
    7. Refractive Index: n20/D 1.339
    8. Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
    9. Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
    10. PKA: 7.5(at 25℃)
    11. Water Solubility: Soluble
    12. Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Protect from moisture.
    13. Merck: 14,4654
    14. BRN: 883043
    15. CAS DataBase Reference: HEPES(CAS DataBase Reference)
    16. NIST Chemistry Reference: HEPES(7365-45-9)
    17. EPA Substance Registry System: HEPES(7365-45-9)
  • Safety Data

    1. Hazard Codes: Xi
    2. Statements: 36/37/38
    3. Safety Statements: 24/25-22-36-26
    4. WGK Germany: 1
    5. RTECS: TL6809000
    6. TSCA: Yes
    7. HazardClass: N/A
    8. PackingGroup: N/A
    9. Hazardous Substances Data: 7365-45-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

7365-45-9 Usage

Uses

Used in Biological Research:
HEPES is used as a hydrogen ion buffer for maintaining a constant pH range in various biological experiments. It is particularly useful in cell culture applications, where it helps maintain physiological pH levels. The concentration used is typically between 10-50mmol/L, with 20mmol/L being a common concentration for achieving buffer ability in nutrient solutions.
Used in Cell Culture:
HEPES is used as a buffering component in the preparation of cell culture media. It is commonly found in solutions such as Hank's balanced salt solution, Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium, and no-glucose DMEM, which are used for the preparation of tissue slices.
Used in Tissue Culture:
HEPES buffered saline is a tissue culture buffer that helps maintain the pH of cell culture. It is particularly useful in in vitro experiments on Mg, where it helps control the pH of the surrounding environment.
Used in Conductance Measurements:
HEPES is used as a component of buffers in localized conductance measurements on the basolateral side of culture inserts to examine cation selectivity.

Biological Activity

HEPES is a multi purpose HEPES buffer used in cell culture and other biological research. Working pH range in aqueous solution: 6.8 - 8.2. Does not form complexes with metal ions. Used in cell culture media.

Biological Activity

Multi purpose buffer used in biological research.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the acid from hot EtOH and water. It is a useful buffer. [Beilstein 23 V 376.]

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 7365-45-9 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,3,6 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 5 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7365-45:
(6*7)+(5*3)+(4*6)+(3*5)+(2*4)+(1*5)=109
109 % 10 = 9
So 7365-45-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C8H18N2O4S/c11-7-5-9-1-3-10(4-2-9)6-8-15(12,13)14/h11H,1-8H2,(H,12,13,14)/p+1

7365-45-9 Well-known Company Product Price

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  • TCI America

  • (H0396)  2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic Acid [Good's buffer component for biological research]  >99.0%(T)

  • 7365-45-9

  • 25g

  • 205.00CNY

  • Detail
  • TCI America

  • (H0396)  2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic Acid [Good's buffer component for biological research]  >99.0%(T)

  • 7365-45-9

  • 500g

  • 850.00CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A14777)  HEPES, 99%   

  • 7365-45-9

  • 10g

  • 209.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A14777)  HEPES, 99%   

  • 7365-45-9

  • 50g

  • 464.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A14777)  HEPES, 99%   

  • 7365-45-9

  • 250g

  • 1964.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (M10360)  HEPES (Crystalline Free Acid), 99%   

  • 7365-45-9

  • 1kg

  • 2908.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma-Aldrich

  • (PHR1428)  HEPES  pharmaceutical secondary standard

  • 7365-45-9

  • PHR1428-1G

  • 718.73CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma-Aldrich

  • (NIST2181)  HEPES  NIST SRM 2181

  • 7365-45-9

  • NIST2181

  • 11,552.58CNY

  • Detail

7365-45-9SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 12, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 12, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names GOOD'S BUFFER

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:7365-45-9 SDS

7365-45-9Synthetic route

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
1562-00-1

sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate In methanol at 50℃; for 5.5h;
Stage #2: With 5percent by weight of raffinate In water Solvent; Temperature;
85.6%
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

Na-salt of 2-chloroethane-1-sulfonic acid
15484-44-3

Na-salt of 2-chloroethane-1-sulfonic acid

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 85 - 105℃; for 0.5h; pH=10; Temperature;84.7%
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

ammonium vinylsulfonate
86761-62-8

ammonium vinylsulfonate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; ammonium vinylsulfonate In water at 60℃; for 4h;
Stage #2: With sulfuric acid at 0℃; for 1h;
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

sodium vinylsulfonate
3039-83-6

sodium vinylsulfonate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; sodium vinylsulfonate In water at 60 - 120℃; for 3h;
Stage #2: With oxalic acid at 20℃; for 1h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

potassium vinyl sulfonate
7308-65-8

potassium vinyl sulfonate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; potassium vinyl sulfonate In water at 50℃; for 3.5h;
Stage #2: With sulfuric acid at 40℃; for 1h;
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine
103-76-4

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine

ethenesulfonic acid
1184-84-5

ethenesulfonic acid

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; ethenesulfonic acid With sodium hydroxide In water at 40℃; for 3.5h;
Stage #2: With oxalic acid at 20℃; for 1h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;
1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methylbenzimidazole)
1059536-93-4

1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methylbenzimidazole)

silver carbonate

silver carbonate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

[Ag2(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonate))(1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methylbenzimidazole))]*2H2O

[Ag2(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonate))(1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methylbenzimidazole))]*2H2O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol mixt. of Ag salt, acid and imidazole ligand was stirred at room temp. for 30 min; ammonia added dropwise; slowly evapd. at room temp.; elem. anal.;68%
2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-oxo-1,5-ethanolbenzazepine
102586-88-9

2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-oxo-1,5-ethanolbenzazepine

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-4-propanoate
104876-18-8

(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-4-propanoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 25℃; Rate constant;
N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

A

Glyoxal
131543-46-9

Glyoxal

B

2-[2-(2-Hydroxy-ethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethanesulfonic acid

2-[2-(2-Hydroxy-ethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethanesulfonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (batho)2CuII (batho = 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinedisulfonate); water at 25℃; for 24h; Rate constant; Mechanism; pH 8; other substituted ethylenediamine;
deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate 2-methylimidazolide

deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate 2-methylimidazolide

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

A

2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate
902-04-5

2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate

B

2-[4-(2-{[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-Amino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethoxy]-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy}-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid

2-[4-(2-{[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-Amino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethoxy]-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy}-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid

C

C20H24N10O13P2(2-)

C20H24N10O13P2(2-)

D

C30H35N15O19P3(3-)

C30H35N15O19P3(3-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium chloride; magnesium chloride; polycytidylate In water at 23℃; for 480h; pH=7.85; Kinetics; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents; Condensation; dimerization; oligomerization; hydrolysis;
C15H18ClMnN3O3
1313369-50-4

C15H18ClMnN3O3

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

C8H17N2O4S(1-)*C15H16N3O2(1-)*Mn(2+)

C8H17N2O4S(1-)*C15H16N3O2(1-)*Mn(2+)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium carbonate; sodium chloride In water at 25℃; pH=7.4;
zinc diacetate
557-34-6

zinc diacetate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

zinc(II) oxide

zinc(II) oxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide In water at 110℃; for 0.283333h; pH=7.4; pH-value; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst; Sonication; Microwave irradiation;
zinc(II) chloride
7646-85-7

zinc(II) chloride

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

zinc hydroxide chloride hydrate

zinc hydroxide chloride hydrate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide In water at 110℃; for 0.283333h; pH=7.4; Sonication; Microwave irradiation;
N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide

1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide

C6H11N2(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)
1612259-40-1

C6H11N2(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 20℃; for 12h;
tetramethyl ammoniumhydroxide
75-59-2

tetramethyl ammoniumhydroxide

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

C4H12N(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)
79661-24-8

C4H12N(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 20℃; for 12h;
tetraethylammonium hydroxide
77-98-5

tetraethylammonium hydroxide

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

C8H20N(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)
79661-25-9

C8H20N(1+)*C8H17N2O4S(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 20℃; for 12h;
tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydroxide
2052-49-5

tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydroxide

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

2-[4-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethanesulfonatetetrabutyl-ammonium;
113599-06-7

2-[4-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethanesulfonatetetrabutyl-ammonium;

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 20℃; for 12h;
cholin hydroxide
123-41-1

cholin hydroxide

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

cholinium 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonate

cholinium 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In aq. buffer for 12h;
N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

C18H30N7O9PS

C18H30N7O9PS

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With apelin-12; thermococcus kodakaraensis primase protein; magnesium acetate; serum albumin In glycerol at 70℃; for 0.5h; Enzymatic reaction;
C10H13N2O8(3-)*2Na(1+)*H(1+)

C10H13N2O8(3-)*2Na(1+)*H(1+)

C25H22N4O5Zn

C25H22N4O5Zn

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((2E,2'E)-((2-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(hydrazine-2,1-diylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-methoxyphenol)

6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((2E,2'E)-((2-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(hydrazine-2,1-diylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-methoxyphenol)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water; dimethyl sulfoxide pH=7.2;
C10H13N2O8(3-)*2Na(1+)*H(1+)

C10H13N2O8(3-)*2Na(1+)*H(1+)

C25H23CdN4O5(1+)

C25H23CdN4O5(1+)

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((2E,2'E)-((2-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(hydrazine-2,1-diylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-methoxyphenol)

6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((2E,2'E)-((2-hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(hydrazine-2,1-diylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-methoxyphenol)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water; dimethyl sulfoxide pH=7.2;
C13H16N8O6P(1-)

C13H16N8O6P(1-)

5'-adenosine monophosphate
61-19-8

5'-adenosine monophosphate

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
7365-45-9

N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid

A

C18H29N7O10PS(1-)

C18H29N7O10PS(1-)

B

C23H28N13O12P2(1-)

C23H28N13O12P2(1-)

C

P1,P2-diadenosine-5’-diphosphate

P1,P2-diadenosine-5’-diphosphate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 5'-adenosine monophosphate With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water pH=5.5;
Stage #2: C13H16N8O6P(1-); N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid With methyl isocyanate; acetaldehyde; magnesium chloride for 16h; pH=8; Inert atmosphere;

7365-45-9Relevant articles and documents

Preparation method of piperazine ethanesulfonic acid derivative (by machine translation)

-

Paragraph 0048-0087, (2020/02/06)

The reaction is carried out in such a manner that the reaction proceeds relatively, more thoroughly by reducing the side, reaction of the reaction system, in a manner such that the reaction proceeds relatively more thoroughly from, the system to 2 - a certain extent 2 - by reducing the reaction proceeds, to relatively more thoroughly; NaOH, NaCl, and. (by machine translation)

Method for preparing high-purity 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonic acid

-

Paragraph 0034; 0035; 0047, (2017/07/19)

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of organic matters, and relates to a method for preparing high-purity 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonic acid. The method sequentially comprises the following specific steps: preparation of 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonate, acidizing, extraction for decolorizing and removing impurities, reverse extraction, nanofiltration and washing, and drying, so that the high-purity 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonic acid is finally obtained. The 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethanesulfonic acid prepared with the method provided by the invention is high in purity; the operation process is simple and convenient; the production process is environmentally friendly; the purification cost is low; the yield is high; the method is suitable for industrial batch production.

High purity 4 - hydroxyethyl piperazine b sulfonic acid

-

Paragraph 0051; 0052; 0060; 0061, (2017/09/26)

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic matter preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing high-purity 4-hydroxyethyl piperazine ethane sulfonic acid. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out addition reaction on vinylsulfonic acid or vinyl sulfonate and N-hydroxyethyl piperazine to prepare 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonate; converting the 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonate into 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid and corresponding salts of an acidifier by adopting the acidifier, thus obtaining acidifying mother liquor; then crystallizing to remove the corresponding salts of the acidifier to obtain processed acidifying mother liquor; adding soluble barium salt or calcium salt to the processed acidifying mother liquor to remove residual sulfate radicals, and carrying out evaporative concentration to obtain a primary purified product of the 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid; finally, washing the primary purified product by adopting small molecular weight alcohol and drying to obtain the high-purity 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid. The 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is high in purity, simple and convenient in operation process, environment-friendly in production process, low in purification cost, high in yield and suitable for industrial batch production.

COAGULATION FACTOR VII POLYPEPTIDES

-

Page/Page column, (2015/04/21)

The present invention relates to modified coagulation Factor VII polypeptides exhibiting increased resistance to antithrombin inactivation and enhanced proteolytic activity. The present invention also relates to polynucleotide constructs encoding such polypeptides, vectors and host cells comprising and expressing such polynucleotides, pharmaceutical compositions, uses and methods of treatment.

Peptides for Treatment of Obesity

-

, (2013/03/26)

The present invention relates to novel peptide compounds which are effective in modulating one or more melanocortin receptor types, to the use of the compounds in therapy, to methods of treatment comprising administration of the compounds to patients in need thereof, and to the use of the compounds in the manufacture of medicaments. The compounds of the invention are of particular interest in relation to the treatment of obesity as well as a variety of diseases or conditions associated with obesity.

Stabilizing labeled antibody using amino acids

-

, (2011/11/07)

The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing a labeled antibody in a solution, in which the labeled antibody is stabilized by allowing the labeled antibody to be present together with at least one of amino acid and a derivative thereof in the solution.

Isolation of nucleic acids

-

, (2008/06/13)

A method for extracting nucleic acids from a biological material such as blood comprises contacting the mixture with a material at a pH such that the material is positively charged and will bind negatively charged nucleic acids and then eluting the nucleic acids at a pH when the said materials possess a neutral or negative charge to release the nucleic acids. The nucleic acids can be removed under mildly alkaline conditions to the maintain integrity of the nucleic acids and to allow retrieval of the nucleic acids in reagents that are immediately compatible with either storage or analytical testing.

Zwitterionic compounds and their n-halo derivatives for use in the treatment of clinical conditions

-

, (2008/06/13)

Zwitterionic compounds selected from: taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonic acid), 2(N-morpholino)ethanesulphonic acid (MES), N-(2-acetamido)iminodiacetic acid (ADA), piperazine-N,N'bis(2-ethanesulphonic acid (PIPES), N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (ACES), N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (BES), 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulphonic (MOPS), N-N[tris(hydroxymethyl)-methyl]-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (TES), N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulphonic acid (HEPES), N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'3-propanesulphonic acid (H)EPPS), 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanesulphonic acid (CHES) or 3-(cyclohexylamino)propanesulphonic acid (CAPS), and their N-halo derivatives can be used separately or in combination in the treatment of related clinical conditions by stimulating myeloperoxidase activity, which in turn stimulates hypochlorous acid production in vivo, which leads inter alia to enhanced leukotriene inactivation.

Use of zwitterionic compounds and their N-halo derivatives

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, (2008/06/13)

Zwitterionic compounds selected from:, taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonic acid), 2(N-morpholino)ethanesulphonic acid (MES), N-(2-acetamido) iminodiacetic acid (ADA), piperazine-N,N?bis(2-ethanesulphonic acid (PIPES), N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (ACES), N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (BES), 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulphonic (MOPS), N-N[tris(hydroxymethyl)-methyl]-2-aminoethanesulphonic acid (TES), N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N?-2-ethanesulphonic acid (HEPES), N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N?3-propanesulphonic acid ((H)EPPS), 2-(cyclohexylamino) ethanesulphonic acid (CHES) or 3-(cyclohexylamino) propanesulphonic acid (CAPS), and their N-halo derivatives can be used separately or in combination in the treatment of related clinical conditions by stimulating myeloperoxidase activity, which in turn stimulates hypochlorous acid production in vivo, which leads inter aliato enhanced leukotriene inactivation.

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