776-74-9Relevant articles and documents
One-Pot Deoxygenation and Substitution of Alcohols Mediated by Sulfuryl Fluoride
Epifanov, Maxim,Mo, Jia Yi,Dubois, Rudy,Yu, Hao,Sammis, Glenn M.
, p. 3768 - 3777 (2021/03/01)
Sulfuryl fluoride is a valuable reagent for the one-pot activation and derivatization of aliphatic alcohols, but the highly reactive alkyl fluorosulfate intermediates limit both the types of reactions that can be accessed as well as the scope. Herein, we report the SO2F2-mediated alcohol substitution and deoxygenation method that relies on the conversion of fluorosulfates to alkyl halide intermediates. This strategy allows the expansion of SO2F2-mediated one-pot processes to include radical reactions, where the alkyl halides can also be exploited in the one-pot deoxygenation of primary alcohols under mild conditions (52-95% yield). This strategy can also enhance the scope of substitutions to nucleophiles that are previously incompatible with one-pot SO2F2-mediated alcohol activation and enables substitution of primary and secondary alcohols in 54-95% yield. Chiral secondary alcohols undergo a highly stereospecific (90-98% ee) double nucleophilic displacement with an overall retention of configuration.
Discovery of Aryl Formyl Piperidine Derivatives as Potent, Reversible, and Selective Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitors
Zhi, Zhuoer,Zhang, Wenting,Yao, Jingchun,Shang, Yanguo,Hao, Qingjing,Liu, Zhong,Ren, Yushan,Li, Jie,Zhang, Guimin,Wang, Jinxin
, p. 5783 - 5796 (2020/07/14)
Most of the current monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitors function by an irreversible mechanism of action, causing a series of side effects. Herein, starting from irreversible inhibitors, 25 compounds were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for MAGL inhibition, among which, compound 36 showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 15 nM). Crucially, docking studies demonstrated that the m-chlorine-substituted aniline fragment occupied a hydrophobic subpocket enclosed by side chains of Val191, Tyr194, Val270, and Lys273, which creatively identify a new key anchoring point for the development of new MAGL inhibitors. Furthermore, in vivo evaluation innovatively revealed that this reversible inhibitor 36 significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors induced by reserpine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that reversible inhibitors of MAGL were developed to support MAGL as a potential therapeutic target for depression.
Understanding the effects of ionic liquids on a unimolecular substitution process: Correlating solvent parameters with reaction outcome
Gilbert, Alyssa,Haines, Ronald S.,Harper, Jason B.
supporting information, p. 675 - 682 (2019/01/24)
A unimolecular substitution process was studied in five different ionic liquids, with systematic variation of either the cation or anion, in order to determine the factors leading to the increase in the rate constant for the process relative to acetonitrile. It was found that both components of the ionic liquid, and the proportion of the salt in the reaction mixture, affect the rate constant. Activation parameters determined for the process suggest that there is a balance between interactions of the components of the ionic liquid with both starting material and transition state. A correlation was found between the rate constant and a combination of Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters; with the polarisability of the solvent being the most significant factor. As this reaction proceeds through both unimolecular and bimolecular pathways, competition experiments determined that the unimolecular pathway for the reaction can be favoured using small amounts of ionic liquid in the reaction mixture, demonstrating the potential to control reaction mechanisms using ionic liquids.
Organic synthesis in a modular robotic system driven by a chemical programming language
Steiner, Sebastian,Wolf, Jakob,Glatzel, Stefan,Andreou, Anna,Granda, Jaros?aw M.,Keenan, Graham,Hinkley, Trevor,Aragon-Camarasa, Gerardo,Kitson, Philip J.,Angelone, Davide,Cronin, Leroy
, (2018/12/14)
The synthesis of complex organic compounds is largely a manual process that is often incompletely documented. To address these shortcomings, we developed an abstraction that maps commonly reported methodological instructions into discrete steps amenable to automation. These unit operations were implemented in a modular robotic platform by using a chemical programming language that formalizes and controls the assembly of the molecules. We validated the concept by directing the automated system to synthesize three pharmaceutical compounds, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, rufinamide, and sildenafil, without any human intervention. Yields and purities of products and intermediates were comparable to or better than those achieved manually. The syntheses are captured as digital code that can be published, versioned, and transferred flexibly between platforms with no modification, thereby greatly enhancing reproducibility and reliable access to complex molecules.
The effects of an ionic liquid on unimolecular substitution processes: The importance of the extent of transition state solvation
Keaveney, Sinead T.,White, Benjamin P.,Haines, Ronald S.,Harper, Jason B.
supporting information, p. 2572 - 2580 (2016/03/01)
The reaction of bromodiphenylmethane and 3-chloropyridine, which proceeds concurrently through both unimolecular and bimolecular mechanisms, was examined in mixtures of acetonitrile and an ionic liquid. As predicted, the bimolecular rate constant (k2) gradually increased as the amount of ionic liquid in the reaction mixture increased, as a result of a minor enthalpic cost offset by a more significant entropic benefit. Addition of an ionic liquid had a substantial effect on the unimolecular rate constant (k1) of the reaction, with at least a 5-fold rate enhancement relative to acetonitrile, which was found to be due to a significant decrease in the enthalpy of activation, partially offset by the associated decrease in the entropy of activation. This is in contrast to the effects seen previously for aliphatic carbocation formation, where the entropic cost dominated reaction outcome. This change is attributed to a lessened ionic liquid-transition state interaction, as the incipient charges in the transition state were delocalized across the neighbouring π systems. By varying the mole fraction of ionic liquid in the reaction mixture the ratio between k1and k2could be altered, highlighting the potential to use ionic liquids to control which pathway a reaction proceeds through.
Catalytic Carbocation Generation Enabled by the Mesolytic Cleavage of Alkoxyamine Radical Cations
Zhu, Qilei,Gentry, Emily C.,Knowles, Robert R.
supporting information, p. 9969 - 9973 (2016/08/16)
A new catalytic method is described to access carbocation intermediates via the mesolytic cleavage of alkoxyamine radical cations. In this process, electron transfer between an excited state oxidant and a TEMPO-derived alkoxyamine substrate gives rise to a radical cation with a remarkably weak C?O bond. Spontaneous scission results in the formation of the stable nitroxyl radical TEMPO.as well as a reactive carbocation intermediate that can be intercepted by a wide range of nucleophiles. Notably, this process occurs under neutral conditions and at comparatively mild potentials, enabling catalytic cation generation in the presence of both acid sensitive and easily oxidized nucleophilic partners.
Visible-light-mediated benzylic sp3 C-H bond functionalization to C-Br or C-N bond
Hou, Tianyuan,Lu, Ping,Li, Pixu
supporting information, p. 2273 - 2276 (2016/05/10)
A visible-light-promoted functionalization of unactivated benzylic sp3 C-H bonds was developed. Ethylbenzene derivatives were converted to the corresponding benzyl bromides or afforded benzylamine derivatives in a one-pot manner under visible light photoredox conditions.
Synthesis of multisubstituted indenes via iron-catalyzed domino reaction of benzylic compounds and alkynes
Chen, Yongxin,Li, Kangning,Liu, Xiang,Zhu, Jiaoyan,Chen, Baohua
supporting information, p. 130 - 134 (2013/02/25)
A novel approach to synthesizing multisubstituted indenes by iron-catalyzed domino reaction of benzylic compounds and alkynes under mild conditions was developed. This system could be applied to various available substrates in a one-step synthetic procedure in moderate to good yields. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
In situ generated Ph3P(OAc)2as a novel reagent for the efficient acetylation of alcohols and thiols at room temperature
Iranpoor, Nasser,Firouzabadi, Habib,Elham, Etemadi Davan
, p. 1813 - 1816 (2013/04/24)
Ph3P, Br2, and ammonium acetate are used for the in situ generation of Ph3P(OAc)2, which was characterized by different NMR techniques. The Ph3P(OAc)2generated was used as a novel and efficient reagent for the acetylation of alcohols and thiols in acetonitrile at room temperature under homogeneous conditions. This reaction was also performed under heterogeneous conditions using 1,3,2,4- diazadiphosphetidine as an easily prepared, stable, and heterogeneous P(III) compound.
Synthesis of silica bromide as heterogeneous reagent and its application to conversion of alcohols to alkyl bromides
Mohanazadeh, Farajollah,Sedrpoushan, Alireza,Zolfigol, Mohammad A.,Veisi, Hojat
, p. 598 - 603,6 (2012/12/11)
Silica bromide as heterogeneous reagent is prepared from the reaction of silica gel with PBr3 as a nonhydroscopic, filterable, cheap, and stable yellowish powder that can be stored for months. The results show that the silica bromide is a suitable and efficient reagent for conversion of alcohols to alkyl bromides under mild conditions at room temperature. The easy availability of this reagent makes this simple procedure attractive and a practical alternative to the existing methods.
