1401-69-0 Usage
Uses
Used in Veterinary Medicine:
Tylosin is used as a veterinary pharmaceutical for the treatment of bacterial infections in a range of domestic animals, such as pigs, cattle, and poultry. It is effective against certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive mycoplasmas. Tylosin may be administered by oral or parenteral routes and is not used in human medicine.
Used in Prevention of Liver Abscesses in Cattle:
Formulations containing tylosin have been used for the prevention of liver abscesses in cattle. It acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria.
Environmental Concerns:
Tylosin is an environmental contaminant because it is not fully metabolized by treated livestock and enters the environment through manure-based fertilizers.
Occupational Exposure:
Occupational exposure concerns include farmers, breeders, animal-feed workers, and veterinarians who may come into contact with Tylosin during its production, use, or administration.
Brand Name:
Tylan (Lilly) is a brand name for Tylosin in the veterinary pharmaceutical market.
Indications
In cattle, tylosin is used for treatment of BRD caused by Mannheimia, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni (formerly Haemophilus somnus). It is used for interdigital necrobacillosis (foot rot) in cattle caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum or Bacteroides melaninogenicus. In pigs, it is used for treatment of swine arthritis caused by Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, swine pneumonia caused by Pasteurella spp., swine erysipelas caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, swine dysentery associated with Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae, and proliferative enteropathy caused by L. intracellularis. For treatment in pigs, it is also added to feed (Type A–medicated feed article) or drinking water. In small animals, it is used for gram-positive soft tissue and skin infections. However, the most common use in dogs is for treatment of diarrhea, referred to as antibiotic-responsive diarrhea, that has not responded to other treatments. The etiology of the diarrhea is not known but may be caused by Clostridium or Camphylobacter. For this use, the powdered formulation (swine formulation) is most often added to food daily for maintenance.
Contact allergens
Tylosin is a macrolid antibiotic used in veterinary
medicine. Occupational exposure concerns farmers,
breeders, animal feed workers, and veterinarians.
Mechanism of action
Tylosin is a 16-membered macrolide approved for therapy of a variety of infections in pigs, cattle, dogs, and poultry (see indications below). It is formulated as tylosin tartrate or tylosin phosphate. Like other macrolide antibiotics, tylosin inhibits bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosome and inhibiting protein synthesis. Spectrum of activity is limited primarily to gram-positive aerobic bacteria. Clostridium and Campylobacter are usually sensitive. The spectrum also includes the bacteria that cause BRD. Escherichia coli and Salmonella are resistant. In pigs, Lawsonia intracellularis is sensitive.
Side effects
Tylosin may cause diarrhea in some animals. However, oral treatment for colitis in dogs has been administered for several months with safety. Skin reactions have been observed in pigs. Oral administration to horses has been fatal.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also TnOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Although the injectable form of tylosin is approved for use in dogs
and cats, it is rarely used parenterally in those species. Oral tylosin
is sometimes recommended for the treatment of chronic colitis in
small animals (see Doses), but controlled studies documenting its
efficacy have not been performed.
Tylosin is also used clinically in cattle and swine for infections
caused by susceptible organisms.
Solubility in organics
soluble in lower alcohols, esters, ketones,chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene, ether, chloroform.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1401-69-0 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,4,0 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1401-69:
(6*1)+(5*4)+(4*0)+(3*1)+(2*6)+(1*9)=50
50 % 10 = 0
So 1401-69-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
1401-69-0Relevant articles and documents
Method for using tylosin D as raw material to prepare tilmicosin
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Paragraph 0058; 0059; 0060, (2017/07/20)
The invention relates to a method for using tylosin D as a raw material to prepare tilmicosin. The method comprises the steps of using tylosin D as the raw material, oxidizing a C[20]position primary dydroxide radical into a formyl group through a selective oxidant to obtain a first midbody, then conducting hydrolysis and decarbonization on mycarose to obtain a second midbody, and making formic acid and 3,5 dimethyl piperidine subjected to a reductive ammonolysis reaction to obtain the product tilmcosin. According to the method for using tylosin D as the raw material to prepare tilmicosin, tylosin D is adopted as the raw material, through the specific selective oxidant, tylosin D is converted into an effective component in compound tilmicosin and is prevented from being converted into impurities, thus a new path is opened up for the preparation of tilmicosin, and the problems that the impurities are high in residual rate and the yield rate is low when tylosin is adopted as an original raw material to prepare tilmicosin are solved.
Novel Semisynthetic Oxo and Alkyl Macrolide Antibacterials and Related Derivatives
Fishman, Andrew G.,Mallams, Alan K.,Puar, Mohindar S.,Rossman, Randall R.,Stephens, Richard L.
, p. 1189 - 1210 (2007/10/02)
An efficient method of protecting the 10,11-double bond in dienone and epoxy enone 16-membered macrolides has been developed.This involves Michael addition of thioacetic S-acid to the 10,11-ene to give exclusively the 11-acetylthio derivatives, which can be smoothly deprotected by treatment with fluoride ion.The protected intermediates have been used to prepare a novel class of macrolide antibacterials in which the aldehyde group has been converted into an alkyl ketone by reaction with the appropriate diazoalkane.Thus 20-oxo analogues of rosaramicin, 12,13-de-epoxy-12,13-dehydro-rosaramicin, tylosin, and desmycosin have been prepared.The reaction of diazomethane with unprotected macrolides has also been studied including the synthesis of 18-C-methyl-3''-O-propionyl-leucomycin A5.Derivatives in which the 20-formyl group has been replaced by metal and by halogeno groups, as well as derivatives having a 2,3-ene are described.A number of base-catalyzed rearrangement products including desmycosin 8β,20α-aldol and desmycosin 8α,20β-aldol are also described.
TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF TYLOSIN
Tatsuta, Kuniaki,Amemiya, Yoshiya,Kanemura, Yoshinobu,Takahashi, Hideaki,Kinoshita, Mitsuhiro
, p. 3375 - 3378 (2007/10/02)
Tylosin has been synthesized by regio- and stereoselective introduction of the amino disaccharide moiety and D-mycinose onto the previously synthesized 16-membered-ring aglycone.
3-Imino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1-oxides
-
, (2008/06/13)
New 3-Imino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1-oxides of formula I SPC1 wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl or haloalkyl radical, a phenyl or aralkyl radical optionally substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen or hydroxy, X and Y each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl or alkoxy radical, or one of the two symbols represents a phenoxy or phenylsulphonyl radical optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl and/or alkoxy which are active against harmful microorganisms are disclosed.
