Xi:Irritant;6574-15-8Relevant articles and documents
Rate and Yield Enhancements in Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions via Mechanochemistry
Andersen, Joel M.,Starbuck, Hunter F.
, p. 13983 - 13989 (2021/04/02)
A variety of nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions were carried out mechanochemically to great advantage. On average, reactions rates were nine-times faster. The corresponding kinetic studies presented provide the clearest head-to-head kinetic comparisons between mechanochemical and conventional systems at identical temperatures. Attempts are provided at classifying the kinetics of one example. Removal of polar, protic solvents from these reactions presents environmental benefits to a reaction class whose kinetics are heavily dependent on such solvents.
Optimization of WZ4003 as NUAK inhibitors against human colorectal cancer
Yang, Huali,Wang, Xiaobing,Wang, Cheng,Yin, Fucheng,Qu, Lailiang,Shi, Cunjian,Zhao, Jinhua,Li, Shang,Ji, Limei,Peng, Wan,Luo, Heng,Cheng, Maosheng,Kong, Lingyi
, (2020/12/15)
NUAK, the member of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) family of protein kinases, is phosphorylated and activated by the LKB1 (liver kinase B1) tumor suppressor protein kinase. Recent work has indicated that NUAK1 is a key component of the antioxidant stress response pathway, and the inhibition of NUAK1 will suppress the growth and survival of colorectal tumors. As a promising target for anticancer drugs, few inhibitors of NUAK were developed. With this goal in mind, based on NUAK inhibitor WZ4003, a series of derivatives has been synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity. Compound 9q, a derivative of WZ4003 by removing a methoxy group, was found to be the most potential one with stronger inhibitory against NUAK1/2 enzyme activity, tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. By in vivo efficacy evaluations of colorectal SW480 xenografts, 9q suppresses tumor growth more effectively with an excellent safety profile in vivo and is therefore seen as a suitable candidate for further investigation.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions under aqueous, mild conditions using polymeric additive HPMC
Ansari, Tharique N.,Borlinghaus, Niginia,Braje, Leon H.,Braje, Wilfried M.,Handa, Sachin,Ogulu, Deborah,Wittmann, Valentin
supporting information, p. 3955 - 3962 (2021/06/17)
The use of the inexpensive, benign, and sustainable polymer, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), in water enables nucleophilic aromatic subsitution (SNAr) reactions between various nucleophiles and electrophiles. The mild reaction conditions facilitate a broad functional group tolerance that can be utilized for subsequent derivatization for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant building blocks. The use of only equimolar amounts of all reagents and water as reaction solvent reveals the greenness and sustainability of the methodology presented herein.
Ligand compound for copper catalyzed aryl halide coupling reaction, catalytic system and coupling reaction
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Paragraph 0086-0091; 0097, (2021/05/29)
The invention provides a ligand compound capable of being used for copper catalyzed aryl halide coupling reaction, the ligand compound is a three-class compound containing a 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen-oxygen group, and the invention also provides a catalytic system for the aryl halide coupling reaction. Thecatalytic system comprises a copper catalyst, a compound containing a 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen-oxygen group adopted as a ligand, alkali and a solvent, and meanwhile, the invention also provides a system for the aryl halide coupling reaction adopting the catalyst system. The compound containing the 2-(substituted or non-substituted) aminopyridine nitrogen oxygen group can be used as the ligand for the copper catalyzed aryl chloride coupling reaction, and the ligand is stable under a strong alkaline condition and can well maintain catalytic activity when being used for the copper-catalyzed aryl chloride coupling reaction. In addition, the copper catalyst adopting the compound as the ligand can particularly effectively promote coupling of copper catalyzed aryl chloride and various nucleophilic reagents which are difficult to generate under conventional conditions, C-N, C-O and C-S bonds are generated, and numerous useful small molecule compounds are synthesized. Therefore, the aryl halide coupling reaction has a very good large-scale application prospect by adopting the copper catalysis system of the ligand.
Development, synthesis and biological investigation of a novel class of potent PC-PLC inhibitors
Barker, David,Langley, Ries J.,Leung, Euphemia,Leung, Ivanhoe K. H.,Paulin, Emily K.,Pilkington, Lisa I.,Rees, Shaun W. P.,Reynisson, Jóhannes,Sparrow, Kevin,Xu, Chris Sun,van Rensburg, Michelle
supporting information, (2020/02/27)
Phospholipases are enzymes that are involved in the hydrolysis of acyl and phosphate esters of phospholipids, generating secondary messengers that have implications in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and motility. As such inhibitors of phospholipases have been widely studied for their use as anti-cancer therapeutics. Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) is implicated in the progression of a number of cancer cell lines including aggressing triple-negative breast cancers. Most current studies on PC-PLC have utilised D609 as the standard inhibitor however it is known to have multiple failings, including poor stability in aqueous media. 2-Morpholinobenzoic acids were recently identified using vHTS as a potential class of lead compounds, with improvements over D609. In this work 129 analogues in this class were prepared and their PC-PLC inhibitory activity was assessed. It was found that the majority of these novel compounds had improved activity when compared to D609 with the most potent inhibitors completely inhibiting enzyme activity. It was determined that the best compound/s contained a morpholino and 2-substituted N-benzyl moieties with these findings explained using molecular modelling. The compounds reported here will allow for improved study of PC-PLC activity.
Cp*Co(iii) and Cu(OAc)2bimetallic catalysis for Buchwald-type C-N cross coupling of aryl chlorides and amines under base, inert gas & solvent-free conditions
Srivastava, Avinash K.,Sharma, Charu,Joshi, Raj K.
supporting information, p. 8248 - 8253 (2020/12/29)
A strategy involving bimetallic catalysis with a combination of Cp?Co(CO)I2 and Cu(OAc)2 was used for performing Buchwald-type C-N coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with amines. The reactions proceeded at 100 °C to produce excellent yields of many of the desired C-N coupled products, in 4 h, under aerobic reaction conditions. The reactions were shown to run under base-free and solvent-free conditions, enabling this strategy to work efficiently for electron-withdrawing and base-sensitive functionalities. The presented methodology was found to be equally efficient for electron-donating functionalities as well as for primary (1°) and secondary (2°) aromatic and aliphatic amines. Moreover, the products were easily separated through the extractions of the organic aqueous layer, with this process chromatographic separations is not required.
CuI/2-Aminopyridine 1-Oxide Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides with Aliphatic Amines
Chen, Xiahong,He, Yongqiang,Liang, Yun,Liu, Wenjie,Wang, Deping,Xia, Xiaohong,Xu, Jiamin,Xu, Zhifeng,Zhang, Fuxing,Zhang, Xin
supporting information, p. 7486 - 7490 (2020/10/12)
A class of 2-aminopyridine 1-oxides are discovered to be effective ligands for the Cu-catalyzed amination of less reactive (hetero)aryl chlorides. A wide range of functionalized (hetero)aryl chlorides reacted with various aliphatic amines to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields under the catalyst of CuI/2-aminopyridine 1-oxides. Furthermore, the catalyst system worked well for the coupling of cyclic secondary amines and N-methyl benzylamine with (hetero)aryl chlorides.
Half-sandwich (η5-Cp?)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: Efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions
Joshi, Raj Kumar,Sharma, Charu,Sharma, Kamal Nayan,Srivastava, Avinash Kumar
supporting information, p. 3599 - 3606 (2020/06/10)
Three new pyrazolated chalcogenoether ligated Rh(iii) half-sandwich complexes (1-3) were synthesised by the thermal reaction of chalcogenoether (S, Se and Te) substituted 1H-pyrazole ligands (L1-L3) and [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl]2 in methanol. The complexes were fully characterised by various spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structures of complexes 1 and2 were also established through single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, which indicates a pseudo-octahedral half-sandwich piano-stool geometry around the rhodium metal. All three complexes were found to be thermally stable and insensitive towards air and moisture. One mol% of Rh(iii) complexes (1-3) along with 10 mol% of Cu(OAc)2 were explored for the Buchwald-Hartwig type C-N coupling reactions of amine and aryl chloride. Good to excellent yields (89-92%) of the coupling products were obtained with seleno- and thio-ether functionalised pyrazolated Rh(iii) complexes (1 and 2), while an average yield (39%) was obtained with the telluro-ether functionalised complex (3). In contrast to the previously reported C-N coupling reactions the present reaction works under solvent- and base-free conditions, and the coupling reaction is accomplished in just 6 h with a high yield of the coupling product. The present methodology was also found to be efficient for a wide variety of functionalised aryl halides, and aliphatic or aromatic amines (1° and 2°). Moreover, the reaction also enables the C-N coupling of electron-withdrawing substrates and base-sensitive functionalities.
Discovery and SARs of 5-Chloro- N4-phenyl- N2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine Derivatives as Oral Available and Dual CDK 6 and 9 Inhibitors with Potent Antitumor Activity
Wang, Yang,Chen, Xing,Yan, Yaoyao,Zhu, Xiaochen,Liu, Mingming,Liu, Xinhua
, p. 3327 - 3347 (2020/04/08)
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Herein, we describe our efforts toward the discovery of a series of 5-chloro-N4-phenyl-N2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine derivatives as dual CDK6 and 9 inhibitors. Intensive structural modifications lead to the identification of compound 66 as the most active dual CDK6/9 inhibitor with balancing potency against these two targets and good selectivity over CDK2. Further biological studies revealed that compound 66 was directly bound to CDK6/9, resulting in suppression of their downstream signaling pathway and inhibition of cell proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression and inducing cellular apoptosis. More importantly, compound 66 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model with no obvious toxicity, indicating the promising therapeutic potential of CDK6/9 dual inhibitors for cancer treatment. Therefore, the above results are of great importance in the development of dual CDK6/9 inhibitors for cancer therapy.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel osthole-based derivatives as potential neuroprotective agents
Zhang, Li,Wu, Yuhang,Yang, Guixiang,Gan, Haixian,Sang, Dayong,Zhou, Jiye,Su, Lin,Wang, Rui,Ma, Lei
supporting information, (2020/11/03)
A total of 26 compounds based on osthole skeleton were designed, synthesized. Their cytoprotective abilities of antioxidation, anti-inflammation and Aβ42(Amyloid β-protein 42)-induced neurotoxicity were evaluated by MTT assays. Mechanism of the action of selected compounds were investigated by molecular docking. AlogP, logS and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of all these compounds were simulated by admetSAR. Most of the compounds showed better antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities compared with osthole, especially OST7 and OST17. The compound OST7 showed relative high activity in neuroprotection against H2O2 (45.7 ± 5.5%), oxygen glucose deprivation (64.6 ± 4.8%) and Aβ42 (61.4 ± 5.2%) at a low concentration of 10 μM. EC50 of selected compounds were measured in both H2O2 and OGD induced cytotoxicity models. Moreover, NO inhibiting ability of OST17(50.4 ± 7.1%) already surpassed the positive drug indomethacin. The structure activity relationship study indicated that introduction of piperazine group, tetrahydropyrrole group and aromatic amine group might be beneficial for enhancement of osthole neuroprotective properties. Molecular docking explained that the reason OST7 exhibited relatively stronger neuroprotection against Aβ because of the greater area of interactions between molecule and target protein. OST7 and OST17 both provided novel methods to investigate osthole as anti-AD drugs.
