7783-41-7 Usage
Chemical Properties
Oxygen difluoride is a colorless gas. Foul, peculiar
odor. Shipped as a nonliquefied compressed gas.
Physical properties
Colorless gas with a characteristic odor; unstable in the presence of moisture, otherwise stable up to 250°C; gas density 2.21g/L at 25°C; liquefies to a yellowish-brown liquid at -144.8°C; density of the liquid 1.90g/ml at -223.8°C; solidifies at -223.8°C; slightly soluble in water, decomposing very slowly; solubility 68ml gas per liter of water at 0°C; slightly soluble in acids and alkali.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 7783-41-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Commercial applications of oxygen difluoride are limited. It is used in organic synthesis to prepare fluoropropylenes and acylfluorides. It is used as an oxidizing and fluorinating agent in many preparative reactions and as a monomer in diolefin copolymerization.
2. Oxidant in missile propellant systems
Preparation
Oxygen difluoride may be prepared by passing fluorine gas slowly through a dilute solution of caustic soda. Usually a 2% solution of NaOH is suitable for the preparation: 2F2 + 2 Na OH → 2NaF + OF2 + H2O At a higher alkali concentration, oxygen is formed: 2F2 + 4NaOH → 4NaF + 2H2O + O2 Oxygen difluoride can be produced by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of HF or, alternatively, electroylzing molten potassium hydrogen difluoride, KHF2, in the presence of water.
General Description
A colorless poisonous gas with a strong peculiar odor. Highly toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to skin and eyes. Can explode on contact with water. Decomposes to toxic gaseous fluorine if heated to high temperature. Prolonged exposure of the containers to high heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. Used as an oxidizer for propellants.
Air & Water Reactions
Violent explosions resulted when a spark was discharged in a 25-70% mixture of Oxygen difluoride with oxygen over water [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:191. 1956].
Reactivity Profile
Oxygen difluoride is an oxidizing agent. Mixtures with carbon monoxide, with hydrogen, or with methane explode on sparking [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 610]. May react explosively with adsorbents (silica, alumina, molecular sieves, silica gel) [Streng A. G., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(12), p. 5]; the presence of moisture may render such mixtures shock-sensitive [Metz, F. I., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(7), p. 41]. Gives explosive reactions with diborane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Warming of mixtures with halogens, with metal halides, with aluminum chloride, with antimony pentachloride, and with tungsten gives explosions. Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, phosphorus pentaoxide, red phosphorus, boron, silicon [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1419]. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic trioxide, chromium trioxide, chlorine in the presence of copper, ozone [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 978]. Reacts to incandescence with aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium. Reacts with the alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium) [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 611].
Hazard
Oxygen difluoride is a highly toxic gas that attacks lungs, manifesting delayed symptoms. It causes irritation of eyes, lungs, and skin. Chronic exposure can lead to pulminary edema and congestion in lungs. Inhalation also can cause systemic toxic effects in humans. LC50 inhalation (rat): 136ppm/1 hr The compound is a very powerful oxidizing agent. Contact with reducing agents can cause explosion.
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: chronic pulmonary edema or congestion. A corrosive skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Attacks lungs with delayed appearance of symptoms. A very powerful oxidizer. Must be kept away from contact with reducing agents. Explosive reaction with adsorbents (e.g., sllica gel, alumina, molecular sieve), diborane, halogens + heat, metal halides, aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride (at 1 50℃), tungsten + heat, hydrogen sulfide, liquid nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Forms spark-sensitive explosive mixtures with water or combustible gases (e.g., carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane). Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, nonmetals (e.g., red phosphorus, boron powder, silicon), phosphorus(V) oxide, nitrogen oxide gas. Incandescent reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium, lithium (above 4OO0C)), potassium (above 4OO0C), sodium. Incompatible with NH3, As203, Cl2 + Cu, CrO3, Ir, 03, O2 + H20, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Si02. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of F-. See also FLUORIDES
Potential Exposure
Oxygen difluoride is used as an
oxidizer in missile propellant systems.
Shipping
Oxygen difluoride, compressed Hazard Class:
2.3; Labels: 2.3-Poisonous gas, 5.1-Oxidizer, 8-Corrosive
material, Inhalation Hazard Zone A. Cylinders must be
transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated
truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage.
The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity
allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill
them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill
compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission
of the owner.
Incompatibilities
A strong oxidizer. Explodes on contact
with steam. Violent reaction with reducing agents; combustible
materials; chlorine, bromine, iodine, platinum, metal
oxides; moist air; hydrogen sulfide (explosive in ambient air);
hydrocarbons, water. Attacks mercury. Reacts, possibly
violently, with many materials including porous materials
(i.e., alumina, charcoal, and silica), mercury, and phosphorus.
Waste Disposal
Spray or sift on a thick layer
of a (1:1) mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind
ashield. After mixing, spray water from an atomizer
with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount
of water. Neutralize and drain into the sewer with sufficient
water.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7783-41-7 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,8 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7783-41:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*8)+(3*3)+(2*4)+(1*1)=127
127 % 10 = 7
So 7783-41-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/F2O/c1-3-2
7783-41-7Relevant articles and documents
Concerning the Mechanism of Formation of Oxygen Difluoride
Appelman, Evan H.,Jache, Albert W.
, p. 1754 - 1757 (1987)
Passage of F2 over ice at temperatures around -50 deg C produces a mixture of O2, HOF, and OF2, along with small amounts of H2O2.The involvement of HOF in the formation of OF2 has been demonstrated through the use of HOF labeled both with 18O and with radioactive 18F.The reaction that produces the OF2 has been shown to be F2 + HOF -> OF2 + HF.The OF2 contains one fluorine atom from the F2 and one from the HOF.
The X?2B1, 2B2,2A1, and2A2states of oxygen difluoride cation (F2O+): High-level ab initio calculations and simulation of the ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of F2O
Wang, De-Chao,Chau, Foo-Tim,Mok, Daniel Kam-Wah,Lee, Edmond P. F.,Beeching, Levi,et al.
, p. 10682 - 10694 (2008/10/08)
The ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of oxygen difluoride cation was studied and new vibrational structure in the second and third bands were observed. Molecular orbital calculations were used to compute the potential energy functions. The order of the low-lying cationic states of oxygen difluoride were established using the computed ionization energies.
