Catalyst for one-pot synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles
Table 4. Comparison of some other procedures with the present method for the synthesis of 3h and 3a from 1h, 1a and 2a
Entry
Catalyst (loading)
Media
Time
Product/yielda (%)
Reference
1
2
I2 (0.1 mmol, 0.025 g)
Bi (NO3)3·5H2O (1 mmol)
Sc (OTf)3
THF, r.t.
9 h
3h (89)
3h (95)
3h (94)
3h (84)
3h (90)
3h (90)
3h (84)
3h (95)
3h (78)
3h (97)
3a (93)
3a (78)
3a (72)
3a (34)
3a (96)
3a(85)
[20]
[24]
CH2Cl2, r.t.
10 h
3
Solvent-free, 30 ◦C
CH2Cl2
30 min
1 h
[23]
4
InBr3 (5 mol%)
[26]
5
In(OTf)3 (5 mol%)
Microwave
CH2Cl2
0.5 h
0.5 h
1h
[26]
6
Ether
[31]
7
p-TSA
C6H6/80 ◦C
CH2Cl2, r.t.
[18b]
[20]
8
Montmorillonite, KSF (1 g)
α-Zr(KPO4)2
10 h
9
Solvent-free
Solvent-free, r.t.
Solvent-free, r.t.
Solvent-free, r.t.
Solvent-free, r.t.
Solvent-free, r.t.
CH2Cl2, r.t.
2 h
[47]
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
ZrOCl2·8H2O (2.5 mol%)
ZrOCl2·8H2O (2.5 mol%)
Cu(OTf)2 (5 mol%)
Bi(OTf)3 (5 mol%)
CuCl2 (40 mol%)
5 min
15 min
30 min
25 min
25 min
600 min
5 h
Table 2
Table 2
[23]
[23]
[23]
Bi(NO3)3·5H2O (1 mmol)
Cationic exchange resin
(Dowex 50 w, 1.63 g)
[24]
H2O/130 ◦C
[48]
a Isolated yields. r.t., Room temperature.
which demonstrates the cost efficiency and green aspect of our
methodology.
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Acknowledgment
The author is grateful to RIPI for performing the elemental analysis.
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