Have ambipolar carrier transmission property based on novel platinum(II) complexes: Synthesis, photophysical properties, liquid crystalline characteristics, polarized luminescence

Article abstract of DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.034

A series of new platinum (II) complexes were obtained, where 2-phenylpyridine derivatives are used as the main ligand and 5-substitued tetrazole are used as the auxiliary ligand. Although the complexes with one or without any peripheral flexible around rigid core do not reveal liquid crystallinity, the complexes with three flexible alkoxy chains attached to 2-phenylpyridine and tetrazole display liquid crystalline property. In order to investigate the self-assembly behavior of the liquid crystalline complexes, their polarized luminescence is researched, and the maximum polarization ratio can reach 7.1 at room temperature. Moreover, the ambipolar carrier mobility was measured in these neutral cyclometalated platinum (II) complexes, the electron mobility and hole mobility can reach 3.3 × 10^?4 cm²/(V·S) and 6.3 × 10^?5 cm²/(V·S), respectively.

Full text of DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.034

Accepted Manuscript
Have ambipolar carrier transmission property based on novel platinum(II) complexes:
Synthesis, photophysical properties, liquid crystalline characteristics, polarized
luminescence
Hao Geng, Kaijun Luo, Guo Zou, Li Zhao, Haifeng Wang, Quan Li, Hailiang Ni
PII:
S0143-7208(17)31096-3
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.034
DYPI 6259
DOI:
Reference:
To appear in: Dyes and Pigments
Received Date: 11 May 2017
Revised Date: 14 September 2017
Accepted Date: 14 September 2017
Please cite this article as: Geng H, Luo K, Zou G, Zhao L, Wang H, Li Q, Ni H, Have ambipolar carrier
transmission property based on novel platinum(II) complexes: Synthesis, photophysical properties,
liquid crystalline characteristics, polarized luminescence, Dyes and Pigments (2017), doi: 10.1016/
j.dyepig.2017.09.034.
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Highlight:
1. Six new platinum(II) complexes were synthesized, their photophysical and liquid crystalline
property were well-performed;
2. The mechanochromic behaviour was observed;
3. The maximum polarization ratio can reach 7.1 at room temperature;
4. The ambipolar carrier transmission property was further investigated.
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Have Ambipolar Carrier Transmission Property Based on Novel Platinum(II)
Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, Liquid Crystalline Characteristics,
Polarized Luminescence
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Hao Geng, Kaijun Luo, * Guo Zou, Li Zhao, Haifeng Wang, Quan Li and Hailiang Ni*
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College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, P. R.
China
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E-mail:luo-k-j007@163.com; nhl-2008@163.com
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Abstract
A series of new platinum(II) complexes were obtained, where 2-phenylpyridine derivatives are used as the main
ligand and 5-substitued tetrazole are used as the auxiliary ligand. Although the complexes with one or without
any peripheral flexible around rigid core do not reveal liquid crystallinity, the complexes with three flexible alkoxy
chains attached to 2-phenylpyridine and tetrazole display liquid crystalline property. In order to investigate the
self-assembly behavior of the liquid crystalline complexes, their polarized luminescence is researched, and the
maximum polarization ratio can reach 7.1 at room temperature. Moreover, the ambipolar carrier mobility was
measured in these neutral cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes, the electron mobility and hole mobility can
reach 3.3 × 10−4 cm2/ (V ꢀS) and 6.3 × 10−5 cm2/ (V ꢀS), respectively.
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Keywords: metallomesogens; platinum complexes; ambipoar carrier mobility; polarized luminescence;
self-assembly
29 1. Introduction
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Transition metal complexes can make use of the heavy atom effect that induces intensive spin-orbital coupling,
accelerating the fast-intersystem crossing between singlet and triplet states, raising the efficiency of
phosphorescence. [1,2] As a result, a large number of emissive transition metal complexes, like ruthenium(II),
osmium(II), irridium(Ш) and platinum(II) complexes, have been successfully synthesized and applied to OLEDs
[3-7]
and other optoelectronic devices.
Among those complexes, cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes have
drawn great attention due to their room temperature phosphorescence, high emission efficiency and square
planar geometry which fits for metallomesogens design. [8-13] Therefore, cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes
are received much attentions as the good candidate for emissive metallomesogens materials. Generally speaking,
most of the traditional metallomesogens always are composed of a metal-centered rigid core and the multiple
flexible chains around the core. The type of their mesomorphic phase strongly depends on the number, the
length and the position of attached flexible chains. As far as we know, the columnar phase and the smectic phase
[14-21]
metallomesogens are commonly reported in emissive liquid crystalline platinum(II) complexes.
Of course,
there are some rare and non-conventional metallomesogens without any peripheral flexible chains around rigid

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core in reported liquid crystalline platinum(II) complexes. [22-24] In addition, for a few liquid crystalline platinum(II)
complexes, their luminescence can change by varying external conditions, such as temperature, mechanical force.
[25, 26] Hence, many advantages show that those emissive liquid crystalline platinum(II) complexes have potential
applications in photoluminescent liquid crystalline display (PL-LCD).
In the previous study, in order to get high quantum yields and color purity blue luminescence complexes, an
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effective strategy is changing the pyridine moiety by a smaller N-heterocyclic ring that has higher reduction
potentials than pyridine so that raise the LUMO of the complexes. Therefore, blue-shifted of the emission maxima
have been obtained using pyrazoles, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC), triazoles or tetrazoles. [27-34] Among these
N-heterocyclic ligands, triazole, tetrazole and their derivatives are the most widely used in cyclometalated
complexes, because they can be easily prepared by “click chemistry”, which allows for wide modifications of the
triazole or tetrazole moieties through the acetylene, cyano and organic azide. [35-37] However, there are very few
metallomesogens in which the type of azole is acted as the cyclometalated ligand. [38, 39]
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Herein, we reported a series of new platinum(II) complexes in which 2-phenylpyridine derivatives as the main
ligand and 5-substitued tetrazole are used as the ancillary ligand (Figure 1), although there are other several types
of platinum(II) metallomesogens based on 2-phenylpyridine and different ancillary ligands investigated for their
photoluminescent behavior.[40-45] For those complexes, there should be the existence of geometrical isomers,
however, we believe that the trans-conformation, in which N atom on pyridyl segment of 5-substituted tetrazole
and N atom of 2-phenylpyriudine is coordinated in trans-position, absolutely are predominant from some related
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works and 1H NMR spectra.[37] For Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L2 the complexes without any
peripheral soft chains and with one peripheral flexible chain do not reveal liquid crystallinity. On the contrary, for
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the complexes Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 with three flexible alkoxy chains attached to 2-phenylpyridine and
tetrazole are attributed to smectic thermotropic liquid crystalline. In addition, those complexes display distinct
luminescence at different temperature and in different state, which show obvious self-assembly property.

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R1
R1
OH
Br
Br
c
L26, R1= OC6H13
L212, R1= OC12H25
L216, R1= OC16H33
b
b
d
a
N
0
N
N
L2
N
N
N
CN
CN
N
N
NH
N N
CN
CN
CN
N
N
NH
N
1a
2a, R1= OC6H13
2b, R1= OC12H25
2c, R1= OC16H33
2
OC16H33
OC16H33
OC16H33
OH
N
N
N
f
e
c
3c
N
Br
Br
3b
3a
OC16H33
OH
N
N
R1
N
N
N
H
R2
R3
o
6
16
L2 , L2 , L212, L2
N
R3
R2
h
Pt
N
R2
N
N
N
R1
N
N
N
Cl
Cl
g
Pt
Pt-L10-L20; R1= R2 =R3 = H
Pt-L10-L26; R1= OC6H13, R2 = R3 = H
Pt
N
Pt-L10-L212; R1= OC12H25, R2 =R3 = H
Pt-L10-L216; R1= OC16H33, R2 =R3 = H
Pt-L116-L212; R1= OC12H25, R2 = CH2OC16H33,R3 = OC16H33
Pt-L116-L216; R1= OC16H33, R2 = CH2OC16H33, R3 = OC16H33
R2
R3
R3
Pt-L10 dimer, Pt-L116 dimer
(a) phenylboronic acid, Pd(P(Ph)3)4, K2CO3, THF/H2O
(b) sodium azide, glacial acetic acid, n-butylalcohol
(c) (4-hydroxyphenyl) boronic acid, Pd(P(Ph)3)4, K2CO3, THF/H2O
(d) K2CO3, R1-Br
(e) NaH, DMF,1-bromohexadecane
(f) K2CO3,1-bromohexadecane
(g) 2-ethoxyethanol/H2O, K2PtCl4
(h) DCM, EtOH
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Figure 1. The synthesis routine of the complexes
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2. Results and discussion
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2.1 Photophysical Properties
Figure 2 shows the UV-Vis absorption spectra in (10-5 mol·L-1) dichloromethane (DCM) solution, the complexes
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have intensive absorption between 220 and 360 nm, assigned to the spin-allowed 1π–π* transitions from the
ligand centers of 2-phenylpyridine derivatives and tetrazole segment. The moderate absorption bands at about
410 nm with extinctions between 0.16 and 0.31 ×104 L· mol-1· cm-1 were observed for these heteroleptic

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platinum(II) complexes in DCM solution which are attributed to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT).
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
-
0 L20
0 L26
0 L212
0 L216
1
1
-
-
-
Pt-L116-L212
Pt-L116-L216
0
0
300
400
500
600
700
Wavelength (nm)
2
3
4
Figure 2. The absorption spectra and PL spectra of the complexes at room temperature
Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the complexes in degassed and anhydrous
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DCM solution (10-5 mol·L-1) at room temperature and 77 K. The photophysical properties of the complexes were
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summarized in Table 1. The emission maximum values of Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L216, Pt-L116-L2
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and Pt-L116-L2 are 490, 520, 521, 522, 519 and 552 nm at room temperature, respectively. However, those
complexes all display more complex emission-profiles at 77 K, the emission bands with weak vibronic structure
between 495 and 533 nm which are attributed to monomolecular luminescence and are similar to that at 298 K.
In parallel, new structureless emission bands were observed between 605 and 628 nm at 77 K. Generally
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speaking, for most phosphorescent cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes the emission spectra show
[46]
rigidochromic blue-shifted with more or less structured emission on cooling of the solution to 77 K.
The
red-shifted emission and featureless emission-profile suggest that there is a new excitation origin when the
complexes are at lower temperature. We tentatively attribute the red-shifted emission at 77 K to intermolecular
π−π interactions and intermolecular Pt···Pt interactions which are from aggregation of the complexes. The PL
quantum yields (φem) of these heteroleptic platinum (II) complexes were measured using [Ru(bpy)3] Cl2 ·6H2O as a
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o
standard in water. [47, 48] The φem of the complexes are in the range of 0.17 to 0.23. The lifetime of Pt-L1 -L2 ,
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0
0
Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L216, Pt-L116-L212 and Pt-L116-L216 in solution are 0.17, 0.12, 0.15, 0.14, 0.18 and 0.17 µs
at 298 K, respectively.
0
0
0
0
0
Pt-L
Pt-L
Pt-L
Pt-L
Pt-L
Pt-L
-
-
-
-
L
L
L
L
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
6
12
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12
-
L
2
16
16
-
L
2
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
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Figure 3. The PL spectra of the complexes at 77 K

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In order to further investigate the intermolecular interaction, the mechanochromic behaviour experiments
were carried out. Interestingly, although all complexes show green luminescence in DCM solution, the complexes
reveal different photophysical characterization in solid and ground solid state. The complexes show obvious
red-shifted of 72-145 nm in solid state (Figure 5). These drastic changes of luminescence for the complexes in
solution and solid state should be related to the self-assembly of the complexes which are derived from
intermolecular Pt···Pt interactions and π-π stacking interactions. However, several interesting phenomena are
0
o
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0
0
worthy to be noticed. For complexes Pt- L1 -L2 , Pt- L1 -L2 , Pt- L1 -L212, Pt- L1 -L216, the obviously luminescent
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change is observed under UV light after ground with a pestle (Figure 4). However, for the complexes Pt-L116-L2
and Pt-L116-L216, the phenomena discussed above were not observed (Figure 5). The PL spectra in solid and
ground state are shown in Figure 5. For complexes Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L216, the red-shifted
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o
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0
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value between solid and ground state gradually decrease from 63 to 20 nm. For complexes Pt-L116-L2 and
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Pt-L116-L216, the emission profiles are identical in solid and ground solid with slightly red-shift only 4 to 6 nm. It is
worthy to be noted that the length and number of alkoxy chains can facilitate to form the self-assembly in solid
and ground powder. Of course, there are some problems, such as further contribution of the alkoxy side chains
on the self-assembly property, still need to be explored.
Table 1. UV/Vis absorption, PL emission spectra, lifetime and the quantum yields (φ em) of complexes
Solid
Absorption/nm (ε/104
Emission/nm Emission/nm
Lifetime (in
solution)/µs
d
Complexes
Pt-L10-L20
emission/nm
(grind)
φem
L· mol-1 · cm-1) a
(298 K) b
(77 K) c
241 (3.13), 269 (3.40), 303
(2.61), 329 (2.00), 352
(1.73), 408 (0.30)
495, 528,
626
490, 514(sh)
598 (661)
624 (657)
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.16
0.12
0.15
0.14
241 (3.13), 269 (3.40), 303
(2.61), 329 (2.00), 352
(1.73), 408 (0.30)
498, 525,
605
6
Pt- L10-L2
496(sh), 520
496(sh), 521
499(sh), 522
242 (3.12), 269 (3.42), 304
(2.67), 329 (2.00), 352
(1.73), 408 (0.31)
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Pt- L10-L2
496, 534,627 609 (650)
243(3.14), 270 (3.42), 324
(1.49), 353 (0.91), 409
(0.20)
496, 533,
613 (636)
628
16
Pt- L10-L2
227 (1.40), 293 (1.96), 337
(1.24), 417 (0.16)
Pt-L116-L212
Pt-L116-L216
519, 546(sh)
552
657
649 (655)
656 (660)
0.23
0.22
0.18
0.17
227 (1.40), 293 (1.96), 337
(1.23), 416 (0.16)
504, 530,
624
a,b,c)Measured in DCM solution 10-5 mol · L-1, d) Photoluminescence quantum yields, measured in degassed dichloromethane
solution relative to [Ru(bpy)3] Cl2 ·6H2O.
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Figure 4. The image of the complexes in different state under UV light

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0
0
0
0
0
(a)
0
0
0
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
-
-
-
-
L2
L2
L2
L2
(b)
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
Pt-L1
-
L
L
L
L
2
2
2
2
1
1
6
6
-
12
16
0
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16
-
0
-
16
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Pt-L1 -L2
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Pt-L -L
1
2
16
Pt-L1 -L2
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2
Pt-L -L
1
500
550
600
650
700
750
500
550
600
650
700
750
Wavelength (nm)
Wavelength (nm)
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Figure 5. The PL spectra of the complexes in solid (a) and ground (b) powder.
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2.2 Thermal Property and Liquid-Crystalline Behavior
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The thermal stability properties of these platinum(II) complexes were examined via TGA under nitrogen
atmosphere at a scanning rate of 10 °C ·min−1. The decomposition temperature at 5% weight loss is 310, 294,
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311, 313, 278 and 290°C for Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L216, Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L216, respectively
(Figure S1).
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Figure 6. Optical polarizing microscopy images of Pt-L116-L2 cooling from the isotropic liquid (crossed polarizers
are indicated by the yellow cross in the top right corner) at 25 (a), 67 (b), 132 (c), 199 oC (d).
The mesomorphic properties of the complexes were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and
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differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The complexes Pt-L1 -L2 without any peripheral chain and Pt-L1 -L2 ,
Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L2 with one flexible alkoxy chain do not reveal liquid crystalline characteristics, and melted to
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0
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the isotropic fluid at 310, 243, 224, 226 °C, respectively. In addition, for the complexes Pt-L1 -L2 , Pt-L1 -L2 ,
Pt-L1 -L212, Pt-L1 -L216, the complex crystal transition was observed by POM and DSC whether or not in the process
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of heating and cooling. On the contrary, for the complexes Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 with three flexible alkoxy
chains attached to 2-phenylpyridine and tetrazole, the fan-shaped textures were observed by POM on slow
cooling from the isotropic liquid (Figure 6 and Figure S2). These textures can be maintained stably at room
temperature. The DSC curves for Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 were measured at a scan rate of 10 °C ·min−1 during
all cooling and heating process (Figure S3), and the corresponding data are summarized in Table 2. Moreover, on
whole heating and cooling procedure the textures are observed all the time between room temperature and
isotropic liquid, showing the enantiotropic liquid crystalline behavior, which were also confirmed by the
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comparison of enthalpy change value. In addition, the complexes Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 all show the broad
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range of liquid crystalline characteristics.

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Table 2. Thermal and thermodynamic properties of the complexes by DSC a)
First
[KJ· mol-1])
Cooling/
oC
(ΔH
complexes
Second heating/ oC (ΔH [KJ· mol-1] )
Cr 123 (1.39) Cr′ 273 (2.03) Ct 277 (7.34) Cr″ 298
(19.5) Iso
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0
Pt- L1 -L2
Iso 215 (0.99) Cr
Iso 160 (10.22) Cr
0
6
Pt- L1 -L2
Cr 100 (0.60) Ct 167 (12.49) Cr 237 (20.26) Iso
Cr 85 (3.24) Ct 187 (7.15) Cr 224 (22.39) Iso
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Pt- L1 -L2
Iso 193 (16.20) Cr′ 81 (3.78) Cr
Cr 20 (0.82) Cr 50 (4.81) Ct 188 (7.45) Cr 226 Iso 197 (15.15) Cr″ 51 (5.39)
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Pt- L1 -L2
(25.84) Iso
Cr′ 15 (1.67) Cr
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Pt-L116-L2
Pt-L116-L2
Cr 17 (11.03) Sm 230 (3.85) Iso
Iso 218 (2.18) Sm 8 (6.82) Cr
Iso 204 (1.72) Sm 49 (1.26)
Sm′ 22 (3.22) Cr
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Cr 32 (8.04) Cr 60 (1.20) Sm 205 (4.51) Iso
a) Cr, Cr′ and Cr″: crystal; Ct: thermal crystallization; Sm, Sm and Sm′: smectic phase; Iso: isotropic phase.
The scan rate is 10 °C ·min−1 during all cooling and heating process under nitrogen protection.
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In order to further investigate the phase structure clearly for Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L216, the wide-angle X-ray
diffraction (WAXD) experiments with variational temperatures were carried out. The powder WAXD patterns of
Pt-L116-L2 at 110 oC and Pt-L116-L216 at 195 C are shown in Figure 7, and their variational curves are shown in
Figure S4 and S5, respectively. For complexes Pt-L116-L212, d100, d200 and d300 reflection peaks was observed at 2 Ө
= 2.22 o (d = 39.63 Å), 4.45 o (d = 19.84 Å) and 6.66 ° (d =13.26 Å), respectively, and reflection peaks are in a ratio
of 1: 1/2: 1/3. The diffuse scattering halo was discovered at 2 Ө = 23.60 o (d = 3.76 Å), which corresponds to the
liquid-like order of the alkoxy chains of rigid parts. For Pt-L116-L216, d100, d200 and d300 reflection peaks were
observed in the small-angle region (2 Ө = 2 - 7 °), corresponding the value of d-spacing is 39.58, 20.02, 14.59 Å,
respectively. The reflection peaks also are about in a ratio of 1: 1/2: 1/3, which is consistent with the d value ratio
of lamellar mesophase. The halo at 2 Ө= 23.09 o (d = 3.84 Å) are assigned to interaction between flexible chains
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for the complexes Pt-L116-L216. The WAXD result suggests that the complexes Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 can
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self-assemble into higher-order suprastructure via strong Pt···Pt interactions and π-π interactions.
4.0x105
1.50x105
d100
d100
(a)
(b)
d200
ho
h0
20
25
30
20
30
d200
d300
d300
0.0
0.00
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
5
10
15
20
2θ
25
30
35
40
o
o
2
θ
( )
( )
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Figure 7. The WAXD of the complexes Pt-L116-L212 at 110 oC (a) and Pt-L116-L216 at 195 oC (b)
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2.3 Polarized luminescence
Although polarized luminescence has been researched for many years in metal-liquid crystalline platinum(II)
complexes, it still plays an important role in liquid crystalline displays, especially room temperature liquid
crystalline. Aligned films of complexes Pt-L116-L2 and Pt-L116-L2 were made on the surface of a pre-aligned
polyimide thin film by spin-coating, heating into the liquid crystal temperature region and annealing. Aligned
films of complexes exhibited an obviously different PL spectrum. Highly polarized phosphorescence with a
maximum peak at 653 nm is observed for those complexes (Figure 8 and Figure S6). The polarization ratio (R=IH:
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IV) equals 7.1 for Pt-L116-L2 (the emission intensity at the parallel direction is about 7.1 times to that at the
perpendicular direction). Similarly, the polarization ratio (R) equals 4.1 for Pt-L116-L216. The result demonstrate

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that highly polarized PL can be achieved by those liquid crystalline platinum(II) complexes in their aligned films. In
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addition, the result of polarized luminescence for Pt-L116-L2 can also further illustrate its higher-order
arrangement at room temperature.
8.0x104
H
V
0.0
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
Wavelength (nm)
4
5
6
7
Figure 8. Polarized photoluminescent spectra of the complexes Pt-L116-L212, (H: Parallel to the rubbing direction;
V: perpendicular to the rubbing direction.
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2.4 Electrochemical properties
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The electrochemical properties of the representative complexes Pt- L1 -L216 and Pt-L116-L216 were studied by CV
using DCM as the solvent. The CV curves of Pt- L1 -L216 and Pt-L116-L216 are shown in Figure S7. For Pt-L116-L216, the
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oxidation and reduction waves were recorded at 0.89 V and -1.76 V, respectively. Similarly, for Pt- L1 -L216, we
0
recorded an oxidation wave at 0.59 V and a reduction wave at -1.68 V. The oxidation peak of two complexes can
be attributed to the oxidation of platinum(II) to platinum(III), the oxidation of platinum(II) complexes is typically
[49, 50]
irreversible due to rapid solvolysis of the resultant platinum(III) species.
In parallel, the reduction peak is
presumably assigned to molecular reduction localized on the cyclometalated ligand. The HOMO and LUMO levels
were estimated from the oxidation potential according to an empirical formula. [51, 52] The optical band gap is
estimated from the onset of the absorption edge (MLCT). All the data are shown in Table 3. The energy gap from
the electrochemically determined value is marginally smaller than that of the optical band gap estimated above.
This is maybe due to the interface dipole effect on altering the energy barriers between electrodes and complexes.
[51, 52]
Table 3. CV data of the complexes Pt-L216 and Pt-L116-L2
16
Energy
gapd/eV
Complexes
Absorbancea/nm
HOMOb/eV
LUMOc/ev
Eopte/eV
0
16
16
Pt- L1 -L2
456
464
-4.87
-5.16
-2.48
-2.51
2.39
2.65
2.72
2.67
Pt-L116-L2
a): Estimated from the onset of the low absorption edge (MLCT); b): HOMO= -(Eox-0.47+4.75) eV; c):
LUMO= -(Ere-0.47+4.75) eV; d): Energy gap= (HOMO-LUMO) eV; e): Eopt=1240/ λabs
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2.5 Ambipolar Carrier Mobility
Carrier mobility plays an important role in OLEDs,
[58]. However, as far as we know, most researches just report hole mobility in metal complexes.
[53-55]
[56, 57]
photovoltaic material
and field-effect transistors
[59-62]
Although
[63, 64]
cationic platinum(II) complexes with ambipolar transmission property has been reported,
there are no
neutral cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes as ambipolar transmission materials that were found. In order to
investigate the carrier mobility of the luminescent metallomesogens, here, we measured its hole and electron
mobility by the SCLC (space charge limited current) method using a device structure of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/
12
Pt-L116-L2 (109 nm)/MoO3 /Al and ITO/ZnO/ Pt-L116-L212 (109 nm)/Ca/Al, respectively. For the hole devices, SCLC
is described by the formula J = (9/8) ε0εrμ(V2/d3),
where J is the current density, ε0 is the permittivity under
[65]
vacuum (ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 F/m), εr is the dielectric constant (εr = 3), μ is the hole mobility, and d is the sample

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thickness. The current−voltage (IV) curves are shown in Figure 9. From the pulsed IV curves and the formula, the
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hole mobility of Pt-L116-L212 is calculated to be 6.3 × 10−5 cm2/ (V ꢀS). Similarly, the electron mobility of Pt-L116- L2
is 3.3 × 10−4 cm2/ (V ꢀS). We preliminary speculate that the higher order arrangement of the complex due to room
temperature liquid crystalline behavior can form intensive and stable platinum-platinum interaction which may
be responsible for the hole transmission. However, the electron mobility is mainly derived from the
N-heterocyclic ring. Notably, the value of the charge mobility is little larger than the hole mobility, it may be
caused by the multi-nitrogen atoms in tetrazole ring. For the electron mobility and the hole mobility, the result is
12
considerable. Therefore, those emissive metallomesogens with ambipolar transmission property, like Pt-L116-L2
,
have potential applications in photoluminescent liquid crystal display (PL-LCD) field.
104
103
102
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100
10-1
10-2
10-3
Equation y = a + b*x
Adj. R-Sq 0.9844
Equation y = a + b*x
Adj. R-S 0.968
(a)
(b)
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10-1
Val Standard
Current D Interce 2.8 0.00266
Val Standard
Current Interce 2.1 0.00535
Current Slope --
Current D Slope
2
--
2
0.1
1
0.1
1
Vappl (V)
Vappl (V)
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Figure 9. Current density vs voltage under pulsed conditions for the device of Pt-L116-L212 at 298 K: (a) the charge
mobility, (b) the hole mobility.
13 3. Experimental
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3.1 General Information
All commercially available starting materials were used directly with no further purification. The solvents were
carefully dried prior to use. NMR spectra were recorded in CDCl3 on Varian INOVA-400 MHz and 100 MHz
spectrometer. Mass spectra were recorded on Waters Q-TOF Premier. Elemental analyses were performed with a
Finnigan-LCQDECA microanalyzer. UV−Vis absorpꢀon spectra were measured at room temperature on Perkin
Elmer Lambda 950 spectrophotometer. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra at 298 K and 77 K were measured on
Horiba Fluorolog-4 spectrophotometer. Polarized luminescent spectra were performed with Horiba Fluorolog-4
spectrophotometer. Quantum efficiency measurements were carried out at room temperature in a solution of
dichloromethane, [Ru(bpy)3] Cl2 ·6H2O in degassed aqueous solution as the reference (excitation wavelength =
436 nm, фlum= 0.042) was used as reference. The equation Фs=фr (Ar/As) (ns/nr)2 (Is/Ir) was used to calculate the
quantum yields where s is the quantum yield of the sample, r is the quantum yield of the reference, n is the
refractive index of the solvent, As and Ar are the absorbance of the sample and the reference at the wavelength of
excitation and Is and Ir are the integrated areas of emission bands. The lifetimes of complexes were measured on
Horiba Fluorolog-4 spectrophotometer, the excitation source is NANOLED 370 (λ 370 nm) and the photo collection
adopts TCSPC method (time-correlated single photo counts). TGA were measured on TA Discovery TGA.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments were performed on TA Discovery DSC. Polarized optical
microscopy (POM) were measured on Zeiss AxioCam MRc5 with a hot stage (Mettler FP80HT) and controller
(LinkamScientific, T95-STD). X-ray diffractions (XRD) were measured on Rigaku SmartLab (Cu Kα). Cyclic
voltammetry (CV) experiments were recorded on an AUTOLAB PGSTAT302 voltammetric analyzer and performed
at room temperature in dry DCM solution containing 0.1 M tetran-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6)
as a supporting electrolyte at a scan rate of 50 mV·s−1. A three-electrode configuration consisting of a glassy
carbon working electrode, a Pt wire counters electrode, and an Ag/Ag+ (with a saturated AgNO3 solution) couple
reference electrode was used. The ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+) couple was used as the external reference and
showed a peak at +0.47 V vs. Ag/ AgNO3. Prior to experiments, the system was purged with purified nitrogen gas
to exclude dissolved oxygen from the solution. For the hole device, ITO (indiumtin oxide) glass and the MoO3/Al
layer are used as a positive and a negative electrode, respectively. For the electron device, ITO (indiumtin oxide)
glass and the Ca/Al layer are used as a positive and a negative electrode, respectively. The complexes layer was
spin-coated on the device and heated into the liquid crystal temperature region and annealed. The spin-coated
thickness was measured with a surface profiler (Tencor AlphaStep 500). All devices were fabricated in a controlled

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N2-filled glove box. The current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics were measured with a Keithley 2420 source
measurement unit under simulated 100 mW·CM-2 (AM 1.5 G) irradiation from a Newport solar simulator.
3.2 Synthsis and Characterization
4
Procedure for synthesis of 3a
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A mixture of (6-bromopyridin-3-yl) methanol 1.87 g (0.01 mol),1-bromohexadecane 3.5 g (0.011 mol), sodium
hydride 3 g (0.125 mol) and DMF 50 mL was stirred for 24 h at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere,
then the solvent was removed by reduced pressure distillation. The resulting mixture was extracted with
dichloromethane and deionized water. The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate
overnight and filtrated. The filtrate was evaporated to remove the solvent and the residue was purified on a silica
column using petroleum ether (PE) /ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (V: V = 15: 1) as the eluent to give the resulting product
as a white solid 3.5 g (8.5 mmol), yield 85 %. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.33 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (m, J
= 8.2, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (s, 2H), 3.47 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.25 (s, 28H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H).
Procedure for synthesis of 3b
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To a mixture of compound 3a 2.15 g (5.2 mmol), (4-hydroxyphenyl) boronic acid 0.85 g (6.2 mmol),
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium 0.3 g (0.56 mmol), was added in tetrahydroufuran (THF) 24 mL, and 2 M
potassium carbonate aqueous solution 10 mL. The mixture was heated to 85 °C and stirred for 12 h under
nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and
deionized water, the combined organic layer was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate overnight and filtered.
The filtrate was evaporated to remove the solvent and the residual was purified on a silica column using PE/EtOAc
(V: V = 6: 1) as the eluent to give a white solid 1.5 g (3.5 mmol), yield 67 %. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.65
(s,1H), 7.88 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 3H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,1 H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 3.52 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H),
2.18 (s, 1H), 1.32(s, 28H),0.88 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 3c
A mixture of 3b 1.5 g (3.5 mmol), 1-bromohexadecane 1.2 g (0.036mmol), potassium carbonate 1.8 g (0.013 mol),
acetone 50 mL was refluxed and stirred for 12 h under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature,
the resulting mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and deionized water. The combined organic layer was
dried with anhydrous magnesium sulphate overnight and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to remove the
solvent and the residual was purified on a silica column using PE/EtOAc (V : V = 10 : 1) as the eluent to give a
white solid 1.8 g (2.8 mmol), Yield 80 %.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.61 (s,1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H),
7.75 (d, J = 6.9 Hz,1H), 7.67 (d, J = 8.2 Hz,1H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.49 (t, J
= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.85 - 1.76 (m,2H), 1.66 - 1.57 (m, 2H), 1.46 (m, J = 15.1, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.35 (s, 50H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.8 Hz,
6H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 1a
A
mixture of 5-bromopicolinonitrile 1.83 g (0.01 mol), phenylboronic acid 1.83 g (0.015 mol),
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium 0.35 g (0.65 mmol), was added in tetrahydroufuran (THF) 24 mL, and 2 M
potassium carbonate aqueous solution 10 mL. The mixture was heated to 83 °C and stirred for 18 h under
nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and
deionized water, the combined organic layer was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate overnight and filtered.
The filtrate was evaporated to remove the solvent and the residual was purified on a silica column using PE/EtOAc
1
(V: V = 7: 1) as the eluent to give a white solid 1.35 g (7.5 mmol), yield 75 %. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ:
8.97 – 8.91 (m, 1H), 8.01 (dd, J = 8.1, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 7.56 – 7.45 (m,
3H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 2
1
According to compound 1a method, obtained white solid 3.7 g (18.8 mmol), and yield 67 %. H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.90 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (dd, J = 8.1, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H),
6.99 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 2a
To a mixture of compound 2 1.2 g (6.1 mmol), potassium carbonate 5.9 g (0.042 mol), acetone 30 mL was refluxed
and stirred for 18 h under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent was removed by
evaporated. The resulting mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and deionized water. The combined
organic layer was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulphate overnight and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated
to remove the solvent and the residual was purified on a silica column using PE/EtOAc (V : V = 7 : 1) as the eluent
to give a white solid 1.4 g (5 mmol), Yield 82 %.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.91 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (dd,
J = 8.1, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J = 9.3, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (t, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.6 Hz,
2H), 1.86 – 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.53 – 1.29 (m, 6H), 0.91 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 2b
1
According to compound 2a method, obtained white solid 1.8 g (4.9 mmol), and yield 81 %. H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.92 (s, 1H), 7.96 (dd, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (t, J =

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8.7 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.87 -1.75 (m, 2H), 1.52 – 1.19 (m, 18H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H).
Procedure for the synthesis of 2c
1
According to compound 2a method, obtained white solid 2.2 g (5.2 mmol), and yield 85 %. H NMR (400 MHz,
4
CDCl3, TMS) δ: 8.92 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J = 8.1, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H),
5
7.02 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.89 – 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.28 (d, J = 24.8 Hz, 31H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.8 Hz,
6
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3H).
0
Procedure for the synthesis of L2
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A mixture of compound 1a 1.35 g (7.5 mmol), glacial acetic acid 0.75 g (11.2 mmol), sodium azide 0.73 g (11.2
mmol), was added in n-butylalcohol 20 mL. The mixture was continuous refluxed four days. After cooling to room
temperature, the precipitated white solid was washed by DCM and obtained white solid 1.0g (4.5 mmol), yield
60 %. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, TMS) δ: 9.06 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J
= 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.53-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.43 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H).
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Procedure for the synthesis of L2
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According to compound L2 method, obtained white solid 0.56 g (1.6 mmol), and yield 62 %. H NMR (400 MHz,
DMSO-d6, TMS) δ: 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 2H), 7.61 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.00 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H),
1.74-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.25-1.32 (m, 6H), 0.83 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H).
12
Procedure for the synthesis of L2
0
1
According to compound L2 method, obtained white solid 0.48 g (1.2 mmol), and yield 61 %. H NMR (400 MHz,
DMSO-d6, TMS) δ: 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.98 (s, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 3.95 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H),
1.65 (m, 2H), 1.18-1.36 (m, 17H), 0.79 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H).
16
Procedure for the synthesis of L2
According to compound L20 method, obtained white solid 0.38 g (0.82 mmol), and yield 69 %. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
DMSO-d6, TMS) δ: 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.99 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.95 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H),
1.67 (m, 2H), 1.16-1.36 (m, 19H), 0.78 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H).
Procedure for the synthesis of μ-chloro-bridged dimer Platinum (II)
0
Pt-L1 dimer. A mixture of 2-phenylpyridine 1.5 g (1 mmol), potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) 0.242 g (0.58
mmol), was added in 2-ethoxyethanol 18 mL and water 6 mL. The mixture was heated to 120°C and stirred for 24
h under nitrogen atmosphere. The solvent was removed by reduced pressure distillation. After cooling to room
temperature, immediately added anhydrous ethanol and filtered, obtained brown solid 1.2 g (0.68 mmol), Yield
68 %. The μ-chloro-bridged dimer platinum(II) was directly used in following process.
Pt-L116 dimer. According to Pt-L10 dimer method, obtained yellow solid 0.95 g (0.74 mmol), yield 54 %.
0
0
Procedure for the preparation of Pt- L1 -L2
To a mixture of Pt-L1o dimer 0.077 g (0.1 mmol), compound L20 0.115 g (0.25 mmol), was added in DCM and EtOH
13 mL (V: V = 10: 3). The mixture was stirred for 14 h at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere. The
resulting mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and deionized water. The combined organic layer was
dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate overnight and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to remove the
solvent and the residual was purified on a silica column using DCM/EtOAc (V: V= 3: 1) as the eluent to gain yellow
1
solid 0.043 g (0.0754 mmol), Yield 75 %. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 10.31 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 9.50 (s, 1H),
8.40 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.33 (dd, J = 8.2, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.69 (dd, J = 10.5, 9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (m,
3H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 153.41, 149.88, 139.34, 137.76,
135.06, 132.44, 129.76, 129.69, 129.58, 129.37, 127.18, 127.01, 124.74, 124.02, 123.02, 122.24, 118.57.
ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M+H]+ Calc.572.1162; found 572.1179. Anal. Calcd. (%) for C23H16N6Pt: C 48.34, H 2.82, N 14.71.
Found: C 48.12, H 2.58, N 14.68.
0
6
Procedure for the preparation of Pt- L1 -L2
0
According to complexes Pt- L1 -L20 method, obtained yellow solid 0.056 g (0.083 mmol), yield 66 %. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl3, TMS) δ: 10.28 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 9.42 (s, 1H), 8.30 (t, J = 11.3 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (t,
J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69 – 7.67 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 22.4, 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 7.3
Hz, 1H), 7.19 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.04 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.91 – 1.77 (m, 2H), 1.38 (m, 9H),
0.98 – 0.88 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 160.43, 153.40, 149.39, 147.28, 146.79, 139.26,
138.36, 136.86, 132.47, 129.64, 128.13, 126.98, 124.69, 123.99, 122.98, 122.16, 118.52, 115.60, 68.28, 31.59,
29.16, 25.73, 22.64, 14.09. ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M+H]+ Calc. 672.2051; found 672.2052. Anal. Calcd. (%) for
C29H28N6OPt: C 51.86, H 4.20, N 12.51. Found: C 51.62, H 4.01, N 12.32.
0
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Procedure for the preparation of Pt- L1 -L2
0
According to complexes Pt- L1 -L20 method, obtained yellow solid 0.065 g (0.086 mmol), yield 68 %. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl3,TMS) δ: 10.34 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 9.47 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (t, J
= 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 9.2 Hz, 3H), 7.50 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.32-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J =
8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.54-1.20 (m, 19H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (100 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 168.98, 163.26, 160.42, 153.40, 149.38, 147.27, 146.79, 143.34, 139.25, 136.84, 132.46, 129.62, 128.12,

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126.98, 124.67, 123.98, 122.97, 122.14, 118.52, 115.59, 109.98, 68.29, 31.94, 29.69, 29.66, 29.63, 29.62, 29.43,
29.38, 29.21, 26.06, 22.72, 14.17. ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M+H]+ Calc. 756.2990; found 756.2985. Anal. Calcd. (%) for
C35H40N6OPt: C 55.62, H 5.33, N 11.12. Found: C 55.43, H 5.21, N 11.02.
0
16
Procedure for the preparation of Pt- L1 -L2
0
According to complexes Pt- L1 -L20 method, obtained yellow solid 0.072 g (0.088 mmol), yield 66 %. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl3,TMS) δ: 10.31 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 9.44 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (t, J
= 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J = 16.2, 8.0 Hz, 3H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H),
7.06 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.54 – 1.20 (m, 33H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR
(100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 167.00, 163.30, 160.43, 153.42, 149.40, 147.30, 146.81, 138.37, 139.27, 136.87, 132.48,
129.65, 128.12, 126.97, 124.69, 124.00, 122.99, 122.16, 118.54, 115.60, 109.96, 68.29, 31.94, 29.72, 29.68, 29.64,
29.62, 29.43, 29.39, 29.21, 26.06, 22.71, 14.17. ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M]+ Calc. 811.3537; found 811.5444. Anal. Calcd.
(%) for C39H48N6OPt: C 57.69, H 5.96, N 10.35. Found: C 57.45, H 5.84, N 10.21.
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Procedure for the preparation of Pt-L116-L2
According to complexes Pt- L1 -L20 method, obtained red solid 0.089 g (0.071mmol), yield 58 %. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
0
CDCl3,TMS) δ: 10.14 (s, 1H), 9.48 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H),
7.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s,
2H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H), 3.90 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.56 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.64-1.58 (m, 6H), 1.89-1.11 (m, 88H),
0.87 (t, J = 5.3 Hz, 9H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 163.36, 160.45, 151.80, 149.42, 147.42, 145.02, 139.09,
138.73, 136.68, 133.00, 128.15, 126.96, 125.46, 125.44, 122.089, 119.05, 117.70, 115.49, 110.11, 71.12, 69.33,
68.26, 67.85, 53.43, 46.38, 31.93, 29.73, 29.71, 29.66, 29.50, 29.47, 29.38, 29.24, 26.17, 26.08, 26.03, 22.70,
14.13. ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M+H]+ Calc. 1250.8052; found 1250.8043. Anal. Calcd. (%) for C68H106N6O3Pt: C 65.30, H
8.54, N 6.72. Found: C 65.12, H 8.35, N 6.57.
16
Procedure for the preparation of Pt-L116-L2
0
0
1
According to complexes Pt- L1 -L2 method, obtained red solid 0.087 g (0.066 mmol), yield 56 %. H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl3,TMS) δ: 10.17 (s, 1H), 9.51 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,
1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.07 – 6.97 (m, 3H), 6.72 (d, J = 6.6 Hz,
1H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.56 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.88 – 1.78 (m, 3H), 1.72 (d,
J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 1.68 – 1.62 (m, 6H), 1.54 – 1.18 (m, 79H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 9H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ:
163.32, 160.45, 151.80, 149.42, 147.42, 145.02, 139.06, 138.73, 136.68, 133.00, 128.15, 126.96, 125.46, 125.44,
122.08, 119.05, 117.70, 115.49, 110.11, 71.12, 69.33, 68.26, 67.87, 53.43, 46.38, 31.93, 29.73, 29.71, 29.66,
29.50, 29.47, 29.48, 29.44, 26.17, 26.08, 26.03, 22.70, 14.13.ESI-HRMS (m/z): [M+H]+ Calc. 1306.8678; found
1306.8672. Anal. Calcd. (%) for C72H114N6O3Pt: C 66.17, H 8.79, N 6.43. Found: C 66.07, H 8.58, N 6.22.
33
4. Conclusions
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39
In summary, six heteroleptic platinum(II) complexes were successfully obtained, where the tetrazole
derivatives are firstly used as the auxiliary ligand to design metallomesogens. These square planar
platinum (II) complexes show interesting self- assembly behavior originated from intermolecular
associations in solid state, including mechanochromism, liquid crystallinity, polarized luminescence and
carrier mobility. Our research suggests that those emissive metallomesogens are promising in
photoluminescent liquid crystalline display (PL-LCD) field.
40
Acknowledgements
41
42
43
We are grateful for the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21172161,
21072147).
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