Palladium(0) Nanoparticles on Glass-Polymer Composite Materials
FULL PAPERS
taken at periods of30 min reaction time until the trans ef r
hydrogenation was complete or no further improvement of
the conversion could be monitored. The degree oftrans ef r
hydrogenation was determined by GC analysis.
[6] a) M. T. Reetz, W. Helbig, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116,
7401–7402; b) M. T. Reetz, S. A. Quaiser, Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 1995, 34, 2240–2241; Angew.
Chem. 1995, 107, 2461–2463; c) M. T. Reetz, R. Brein-
bauer, K. Wanninger, Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 4499–
4
502; d) M. T. Reetz, G. Lohmer, Chem. Commun.
1
996, 1921–1923.
[
7] a) Nanoparticles, (Ed.: G. Schmid), Wiley-VCH, Wein-
heim, 2004; b) R. G. Finke, in: Metal Nanoparticles.
Synthesis Characterization and Applications, (Eds.:
D. L. Feldheim, C. A. Foss Jr.), Marcel Dekker, New
York, 2002, chap. 2, p 17; c) Nanoparticles and Nano-
structured Films. Preparation, Characterization and Ap-
plications, (Ed.: J. H. Fendler), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,
Acknowledgements
Financial support for this work was given by the DFG (grant
Ki 397/6–1 and KU 853/3–1), the Austrian Science Fund
(
FWF, grant I18-N07), the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
and in part by the Max-Buchner-Stiftung for which we are
grateful.
1
998; d) G. Schmid, in: Nanoscale Materials in Chemis-
try, (Ed.: K. J. Klabunde), Wiley-Interscience, New
York, 2001, p 15.
[
8] Recent reviews on catalytic applications: a) M. A. El-
Sayed, Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 257–264; b) R. M.
Crooks, M. Zhao, L. Sun, V. Chechik, L. K. Yeung,
Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 181–190; c) T. Yonezawa, N.
Toshima, Polymer- Stabilized Metal Nanoparticles:
Preparation, Characterization and Applications: in: Ad-
vanced Functional Molecules and Polymers, (Ed.: H. S.
Nalwa), Accelerated Development, 2001, chapter 3,
p 65; d) A. B. R. Mayer, Polym. Adv. Technol. 2001, 12,
References
[1] a) D. Astruc, F. Lu, J. R. Aranzaes, Angew. Chem.
2
7
1
005, 117, 8062–8083; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44,
852–7872; b) V. Farina; Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346,
553–1582; c) N. T. S. Phan, M. van der Sluys, C. W.
Jones, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2006, 348, 609–679.
[
2] a) L. Djakovitch, M. Wagner, C. G. Hartung, M. Beller,
K. Kçhler, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 2004, 219, 121–130;
b) A. Biffis, M. Zecca, M. Basato, J. Mol. Catal. A:
Chem. 2001, 173, 249–274; c) A. F. Schmidt, L. V. Ma-
metova, Kinet. Catal. 1996, 37, 406–408; d) A. Wali,
S. M. Pillai, V. K. Kaushik, S. Satish, Appl. Catal. A:
General 1996, 135, 83–93; e) F. Zhao, M. Arai, React.
Kinet. Catal. Lett. 2004, 81, 281–289; f) A. Biffis, M.
Zecca, M. Basato, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 1131–
9
6–106; e) H. Bçnnemann, R. Richards; Synth. Meth-
ods Organomet. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 10, 209–224; f) A.
Roucoux, J. Schulz, H. Patin, Chem. Rev. 2002, 102,
3
757–3778; g) M. Moreno-Manas, R. Pleixats, Acc.
Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 638–643; h) B. F. G. Johnson, Top.
Catal. 2003, 24, 147–159.
[
9] X.-D. Mu, D. G. Evans, Y. Kou, Catal. Lett. 2004, 97,
1
51–154.
1
133.
[
[
10] P. Claus, A. Brꢂckner, C. Mçhr, H. Hofmeister, J. Am.
[
[
3] a) J. P. M. Niederer, A. B. J. Arnold, W. F. Hçlderich, B.
Spliethoff, B. Tesche, M. T. Reetz, H. Bçnnemann, Top.
Catal. 2002, 18, 265–269; b) N. Toshima, Y. Shiraishi, T.
Teranishi, M. Miyake, T. Tominaga, H. Watanabe, W.
Brijoux, H. Bçnnemann, G. Schmid, Appl. Organomet.
Chem. 2001, 15, 178–196; c) M. T. Reetz, H. Schulen-
burg, M. Lopez, B. Spliethoff, B. Tesche, Chimia 2004,
Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 11430–11439.
11] A.-I. Kozlov, A. P. Kozlova, K. Asakura, Y. Matsui, T.
Kogure, T. Shido, Y. Iwasawa, J. Catal. 2000, 196, 56–
6
5.
[
[
12] A. Martino, S. A. Yamanaka, J. S. Kawola, D. A. Loy,
Chem. Mater. 1997, 9, 423–429.
13] U.-A. Paulus, U. Endruschat, G.-J. Feldmeyer, T.-J.
5
8, 896–899.
Schmidt, H. Bçnnemann, R.-J. Behm, J. Catal. 2000,
4] a) C. P. Mehnert, D. W. Weaver, J. Y. Ying, J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 12289–12296; b) C. P. Mehnert,
Chem. Commun. 1997, 2215–2216; c) L. Djakovitch, K.
Kçhler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 5990–5999;
d) R. G. Heidenreich, J. G. E. Krauter, J. Pietsch, K.
Kçhler, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 2002, 182–183, 499–
1
95, 383–393.
[
[
[
14] Y. Mizukoshi, R. Oshima, Y. Maeda, Y. Nagata, Lang-
muir 1999, 15, 2733–2737.
15] S. Papp, I. Dekany, Colloid Polym. Sci. 2001, 279, 449–
4
58.
16] C. B. Hwang, Y.-S. Fu, Y.-L. Lu, S.-W. Jang, P.-T. Chou,
5
09; e) K. Kçhler, R. G. Heidenreich, J. G. E. Krauter,
J. Pietsch, Chem. Eur. J. 2002, 8, 622–631; f) K. Oku-
mura, K. Nota, K. Yoshida, M. Niwa, J. Catal. 2005,
C.-R. C. Wang, S.-J. Yu, J. Catal. 2000, 195, 336–341.
[17] K.-T. Wu, Y.-D. Yao, C.-R. C. Wang, P. F. Chen, E.-T.
2
31, 245–253; g) L. Artok, H. Bulut, Tetrahedron Lett.
Yeh, J. Appl. Phys. 1999, 85, 5959–5961.
2
004, 45, 3881–3884; h) S. Mandal, D. Roy, R. V.
[18] R. P. Andres, J.-D. Bielefeld, J.-I. Henderson, D.-B.
Janes, V.-R. Kolagunta, C.-P. Rubiak, W. J. Mahoney,
R.-G. Osifchin, Science 1996, 273, 1690–1693.
Chaudhari, M. Sastry, Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 3714–
3
724; i) K. Kçhler, W. Kleist, S. S. Prçckl, Inorg. Chem.
2
007, 46, 1877–1883.
[19] N. Toshima, in: Fine Particles Sciences and Technology.
From Micro- to NewParticles , (Ed.: E. Pellizzetti),
Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1996, p 371.
[
5] a) M.-C. Daniel, D. Astruc, Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 293–
46; b) M. Brust, M. Walker, D. Bethell, D. J. Schiffrin,
R. Whyman, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994,
3
[20] S. V. Ley, C. Mitchell, D. Pears, C. Ramarao, J.-Q. Yu,
8
2
3
01–802; c) D. I. Gittins, F. Caruso, Angew. Chem.
001, 113, 3089–3092; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40,
001–3004.
W.-Z. Zhou, Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4665–4668.
[21] M. M. Demir, M. A. Gulgun, Y. Z. Menceloglu, B.
Erman, S. S. Abramchuk, E. E. Makhaeva, A. R.
Adv. Synth. Catal. 2008, 350, 717 – 730
ꢀ 2008 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
729