1. Introduction of Metformin hydrochloride
Metformin hydrochloride is one kind of crystalline solid or white powder. The IUPAC Name of this chemical is 3-(Diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine hydrochloride. Besides, Metformin hydrochloride belongs to Intermediates & Fine Chemicals; Pharmaceuticals; API's; Miscellaneous Compounds. In addition, Metformin hydrochloride Classification Code is Antidiabetic; Drug / Therapeutic Agent; Skin / Eye Irritant. Metformin hydrochloride is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether and chloroform.

2. Properties of Metformin hydrochloride
Physical properties about Metformin hydrochloride are:
(1)Molecular Weight: 165.62; (2)H bond acceptors: 5; (3)H bond donors: 5; (4)Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (5)Polar Surface Area: 34.44 Å²; (6)Merck: 13,5963; (7)Flash Point: 89.3 °C; (8)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 46.06 kJ/mol; (9)Boiling Point: 224.1 °C at 760 mmHg; (10)Vapour Pressure: 0.0929 mmHg at 25°C; (11)Melting point: 223-226 °C; (12)Appearance: Crystalline Solid; (13)Prisms from water, mp 232 deg C; (14)Crystals from propanol, mp 218-220 deg C; (15)H-Bond Donor: 4; (16)H-Bond Acceptor: 1.

3. Structure Descriptors of Metformin hydrochloride
(1)InChI: InChI=1/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H
(2)Smiles: C(NC(N)=N)(N(C)C)=N.Cl
(3)Canonical SMILES : CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl
(4)InChIKey: OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

4. Toxicity of Metformin hydrochloride

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
guinea pig	LD50	intramuscular	200mg/kg (200mg/kg)		Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 474, 1960.
guinea pig	LD50	intraperitoneal	200mg/kg (200mg/kg)		Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 474, 1960.
guinea pig	LD50	oral	500mg/kg (500mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 1193, 1990.
guinea pig	LD50	subcutaneous	150mg/kg (150mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 1193, 1990.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	420mg/kg (420mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 841, 1982.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	180mg/kg (180mg/kg)		U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. Vol. NX#04012,
mouse	LD50	oral	1450mg/kg (1450mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 841, 1982.
mouse	LD50	subcutaneous	225mg/kg (225mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 1193, 1990.
rabbit	LD50	oral	350mg/kg (350mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 1193, 1990.
rabbit	LD50	subcutaneous	150mg/kg (150mg/kg)		Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 1193, 1990.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	500mg/kg (500mg/kg)		French Demande Patent Document. Vol. #2220256,
rat	LD50	oral	1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)		"Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed., Rahway, NJ 07065, Merck & Co., Inc. 1989Vol. 11, Pg. 934, 1989.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	300mg/kg (300mg/kg)		"Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed., Rahway, NJ 07065, Merck & Co., Inc. 1989Vol. 11, Pg. 934, 1989.

5. Safety information of Metformin hydrochloride
Hazard Codes: Xn
Risk Statements: 22-36/38
R22:Harmful if swallowed. 
R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin.
Safety Statements: 26-36
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing.
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: DU1800000

6. Uses of Metformin hydrochloride
Metformin hydrochloride is an oral hypoglycemic agent. It can lower plasma glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Metformin hydrochloride Inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis via activation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway. Displays antiproliferative effects in cancer cell lines.

7. Production of Metformin hydrochloride
Metformin hydrochloride (CAS NO.1115-70-4) is derived by Dimethylamine salt reacting with Dicyandiamide.