Glutamine

Base Information Edit

Chemical Name:Glutamine
CAS No.:56-85-9
Deprecated CAS:32640-56-5,2087491-51-6
Molecular Formula:C5H10N2O3
Molecular Weight:146.146
Hs Code.:2932999099
European Community (EC) Number:200-292-1
NSC Number:760081,759628
UNII:0RH81L854J
DSSTox Substance ID:DTXSID1023100
Nikkaji Number:J9.170G
Wikipedia:Glutamine
Wikidata:Q181619
NCI Thesaurus Code:C522
RXCUI:4885
Pharos Ligand ID:QB951RW7GUA9
Metabolomics Workbench ID:37346
ChEMBL ID:CHEMBL930
Mol file:56-85-9.mol

Synonyms:D Glutamine;D-Glutamine;Glutamine;L Glutamine;L-Glutamine

Suppliers and Price of Glutamine

Supply Marketing:Edit

Business phase:: The product has achieved commercial mass production^*data from LookChem market partment

Manufacturers and distributors:

Manufacture/Brand
Chemicals and raw materials
Packaging
price

Total 381 raw suppliers

Chemical Property of Glutamine Edit

Chemical Property:

Appearance/Colour:White crystalline powder
Vapor Pressure:3.3E-24mmHg at 25°C
Melting Point:185 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Refractive Index:6.8 ° (C=4, H2O)
Boiling Point:445.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point:223.3 °C
PSA：106.41000
Density:1.321 g/cm³
LogP:0.06440
Water Solubility.:H2O: 25 mg/mL
XLogP3:-3.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:4
Rotatable Bond Count:4
Exact Mass:146.06914219
Heavy Atom Count:10
Complexity:146

Purity/Quality:: 98%min ^*data from raw suppliers

Safty Information:

Pictogram(s): Xi
Hazard Codes: Xi:刺激性物质;
Statements: R36:刺激眼睛;
Safety Statements: S24/25:;

MSDS Files:: SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

Chemical Classes:Biological Agents -> Amino Acids and Derivatives
Drug Classes:Sickle Cell Disease Agents
Canonical SMILES:C(CC(=O)N)C(C(=O)O)N
Isomeric SMILES:C(CC(=O)N)[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
Recent ClinicalTrials:Efficacy of Glutamine in Management of Radiation Mucositis
Recent EU Clinical Trials:ENSAYO CLíNICO ALEATORIZADO, DOBLE CIEGO Y CONTROLADO CON PLACEBO PARA EVALUAR EL USO DE LA GLUTAMINA COMO AGENTE PROTECTOR EN LA MUCOSITIS ORAL Y LA RADIODERMITIS INDUCIDA POR LA RADIOTERAPIA Y/O QUIMIOTERAPIA EN EL TRATAMIENTO DEL CáNCER DE CABEZA Y CUELLO
Recent NIPH Clinical Trials:HMB study
Abundance Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body, comprising 60% of the total pool of free amino acids.
Synthesis Sources The main synthesis sources of glutamine circulating in plasma are skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and lungs.
Nitrogen Transport Glutamine performs most of the transport of nitrogen from skeletal muscle to visceral tissues.
Primary Fuel Glutamine is used as a glucose-efficient primary fuel for rapidly dividing cells, including enterocytes, colonocytes, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts.
Acid-Base Balance Glutamine plays a role in acid-base balance through ammonia production in the kidney.
Biosynthesis Substrate Its oxidized form provides the substrate for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines necessary for DNA, RNA, and messenger RNA.
Precursor to Glutathione Glutamine is a precursor to glutathione, a powerful endogenously produced antioxidant.
Research Importance Glutamine is one of the most researched amino acids in medical nutritional care, including conditions such as gastrointestinal diseases, oncology, burn injury, HIV/AIDS, and chronic wound management.
Role in Cell Metabolism Glutamine supplies carbon and nitrogen to fuel biosynthesis, participating in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle supplementation and the biosynthesis of nucleotides, glutathione (GSH), and other nonessential amino acids.
Glutamine Deprivation Glutamine deprivation suppresses cancer growth and induces cell death in several cancers due to its metabolic dependency, termed glutamine addiction.
Glutaminase Inhibition Specific genetic interference with glutaminase inhibits tumor cell growth, and CB-839, the first glutaminase inhibitor, has entered several clinical trials.
Mitochondrial Glutamine Transporter The mitochondrial glutamine transporter, encoded by a transcript variant of the SLC1A5 gene, was only recently discovered.
Plasma Membrane Glutamine Transporters Glutamine is transported into cells through plasma membrane glutamine transporters such as SLC1A5, SLC38A1, and SLC38A217, contributing to biosynthesis in the cytoplasm.

Technology Process of Glutamine

There total 67 articles about Glutamine which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 90.0%