The reaction typically starts with the activation of a palladium(II) catalyst. This can be achieved by using a Pd(II) source like Pd(OAc)2 (palladium acetate) and a ligand, often a phosphine ligand such as PPh3. The ligand helps stabilize the palladium in its active state.
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bis[2-(4-methylphenyl)benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl]methanone
(S)-4-methyl-4-phenyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one
