Palladium(II) complexes with 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene (dppa) ligands often show a linear orientation of the diphosphine bridges. This linear arrangement is due to the presence of dπ-dπ back bonding between the palladium(II) center and the phosphorus atoms of the dppa ligands. In this type of complex, the metal center donates its dπ electrons into the π* antibonding orbitals of the phosphorus atoms, which results in a strong metal-ligand interaction. This interaction stabilizes the linear orientation of the dppa ligands.
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