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1746-01-6

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Basic Information
CAS No.: 1746-01-6
Name: 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
Article Data: 31
Molecular Structure:
Molecular Structure of 1746-01-6 (2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN)
Formula: C12H4 Cl4 O2
Molecular Weight: 321.975
Synonyms: Dibenzo-p-dioxin,2,3,7,8-tetrachloro- (6CI,7CI,8CI);2,3,7,8-TCDD;2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro-p-dioxin;2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin;2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin;2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin;2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin;D48;Dioxin;Dioxin (herbicide contaminant);PCDD 48;TCDBD;TCDD;Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin;Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin;
EINECS: 217-122-7
Density: 1.643g/cm3
Melting Point: 295
Boiling Point: 500(dec)
Flash Point: 164.2°C
Solubility: 0.0000000019g/100mL
Hazard Symbols: F,Xn
Risk Codes: 11-38-48/20-63-65-67
Safety: Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. One of the most toxic synthetic chemicals. A deadly experimental poison by ingestion, skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by skin contact: allergic dermatitis. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. An eye irritant.

TCDD is the most toxic member of the 75 dioxins. It causes death in rats by hepatic cell necrosis. Death can follow a lethal dose by weeks. Acute and subacute exposure result in wasting, hepatic necrosis, thymic atrophy, hemorrhage, lymphoid depletion, chloracne. A by-product of the manufacture of polychlorinated phenols. It is found at low levels in 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, and hexachlorophene. It is also formed during various combustion processes. Incineration of chemical wastes, including chlorophenols, chlorinated benzenes, and biphenyl ethers, may result in the presence of TCDD in flue gases, fly ash, and soot particles. It is immobile in contaminated soil and may be retained for years. TCDD has the potential for bio-accumulation in animals. An accident in Seveso, Italy, and inadvertent soil contamination in Missouri have resulted in abandonment of the contaminated areas. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl.

PSA: 18.46000
LogP: 6.19820
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Chemistry

Molecular Struture:

IUPAC Name: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorooxanthrene
Synonyms of Tcdd (CAS NO.1746-01-6): 2,3,6,7-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin ; 2,3,7,8-Czterochlorodwubenzo-p-dwuoksyny ; 2,3,7,8-czterochlorodwubenzo-p-dwuoksyny(polish) ; 2,3,7,8-TCDD ; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxan ; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin ; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin ; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-Dioxin 
CAS NO: 1746-01-6
Molecular Formula: C12H4Cl4O2
Molecular Weight: 321.97
EINECS: 217-122-7
Mol File: 1746-01-6.mol
Surface Tension: 57.4 dyne/cm 
Density: 1.643 g/cm3 
Flash Point: 164.2 °C 
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 64.54 kJ/mol 
Boiling Point: 417.9 °C at 760 mmHg 
Vapour Pressure: 8.26E-07 mmHg at 25°C 
Index of Refraction: 1.655 
Appearance: Tcdd (CAS NO.1746-01-6) is white crystals or tan crystalline powder. 
Classification Code
Environmental pollutants: Human Data ; Mutation data ; Noxae ; Reproductive Effect ; Skin / Eye Irritant ; Teratogens ; Tumor data

Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
chicken LDLo intraperitoneal 25ug/kg (0.025mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 35, Pg. 187, 1992.
chicken LDLo oral 25ug/kg (0.025mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 585, 1973.
dog LD50 oral 1ug/kg (0.001mg/kg)   Experientia. Vol. 38, Pg. 879, 1982.
frog LD50 oral 1mg/kg (1mg/kg)   Scientific American. Vol. 254, Pg. 29, 1986.
guinea pig LD50 oral 500ng/kg (0.0005mg/kg)   Environmental Science Research. Vol. 2, Pg. 708, 1973.
hamster LD50 intraperitoneal > 3mg/kg (3mg/kg) ENDOCRINE: CHANGES IN THYMUS WEIGHT

BLOOD: "CHANGES IN SERUM COMPOSITION (E.G., TP, BILIRUBIN, CHOLESTEROL)"
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 55, Pg. 67, 1980.
hamster LD50 oral 1157ug/kg (1.157mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES

BLOOD: "CHANGES IN SERUM COMPOSITION (E.G., TP, BILIRUBIN, CHOLESTEROL)"
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 55, Pg. 67, 1980.
human TDLo skin 107ug/kg (0.107mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE" Scientific American. Vol. 254, Pg. 29, 1986.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 oral 4200ng/kg (0.0042mg/kg) LIVER: OTHER CHANGES

KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES

BLOOD: CHANGES IN SPLEEN
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 33, 1988.
monkey LD50 oral 2ug/kg (0.002mg/kg)   Experientia. Vol. 38, Pg. 879, 1982.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 120ug/kg (0.12mg/kg)   Scientific American. Vol. 254, Pg. 29, 1986.
mouse LD50 oral 114ug/kg (0.114mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: MYDRIASIS (PUPILLARY DILATION): EYE

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 29, Pg. 229, 1974.
mouse LDLo skin 80ug/kg (0.08mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. Vol. 20, Pg. 101, 1978.
mouse LDLo unreported 200ug/kg (0.2mg/kg) LIVER: FATTY LIVER DEGERATION Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Vol. 320, Pg. 204, 1979.
rabbit LD50 intraperitoneal 252ug/kg (0.252mg/kg)   Scientific American. Vol. 254, Pg. 29, 1986.
rabbit LD50 oral 115ug/kg (0.115mg/kg)   Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 35, Pg. 553, 1976.
rabbit LD50 skin 275ug/kg (0.275mg/kg)   EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. Vol. 5, Pg. 87, 1973.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 24600ng/kg (0.0246mg/kg)   Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 45, Pg. 513, 1978.
rat LD50 oral 20ug/kg (0.02mg/kg)   Experientia. Vol. 38, Pg. 879, 1982.

Consensus Reports

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Group 2B IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 ,1987,p. 350.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 15 ,1977,p. 41.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 15 ,1977,p. 41.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . NTP Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage); Clear Evidence: mouse, rat NTPTR*    National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No. NTP-TR-209 ,1982. ; (dermal). EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

Safety Profile

Hazard Codes of Tcdd (CAS NO.1746-01-6): FlammableF,HarmfulXn
Risk Statements: 11-38-48/20-63-65-67 
R11: Highly flammable. 
R38: Irritating to skin. 
R48: Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. 
R20: Harmful by inhalation. 
R63: Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. 
R65: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. 
R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Safety Statements: 36/37-62 
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. 
S62: If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
RIDADR: 2811
HazardClass: 6.1(a)
PackingGroup: I

Standards and Recommendations

DFG MAK: Animal Carcinogen, Suspected Human Carcinogen
NIOSH REL: (Dioxin) Reduce to lowest feasible level

Specification

1.Air & Water Reactions of Tcdd (CAS NO.1746-01-6): Insoluble in water.
2.Reactivity Profile: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin reaacts when exposed to ultraviolet light in solution in isooctane or n-octanol. Undergoes catalytic perchlorination .
3.Fire Hazard :Literature sources indicate that 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is nonflammable.