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| CAS No.: | 7790-30-9 |
|---|---|
| Name: | THALLIUM(I) IODIDE |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | ITl |
| Molecular Weight: | 331.27 |
| Synonyms: | Thalliumiodide; Thallium monoiodide; Thallium(1+) iodide; Thallium(I) iodide; Thallousiodide |
| Density: | 7.29g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point: |
440 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 823°C |
| Flash Point: | 824°C |
| Solubility: | Practically insoluble in water |
| Hazard Symbols: | As for thallium. |
| Risk Codes: | 26/28-33-51/53 |
| Safety: | Poison by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects: blood pressure lowering, change in motor activity, muscle weakness. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Tl and I−. See also IODIDES and THALLIUM COMPOUNDS. |
| PSA: | 0.00000 |
| LogP: | 0.88570 |
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Chemistry
Molecule structure of Thallium iodide (CAS NO.7790-30-9) :
IUPAC Name: iodothallium
Molecular Weight: 331.2878 g/mol
Molecular Formula: ITl
Density: 7.29 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Melting Point: 440 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 823 °C
Flash Point: 824 °C
Merck: 14.9264
Exact Mass: 331.87888
MonoIsotopic Mass: 331.87888
Heavy Atom Count: 2
Complexity: 2
EINECS: 232-199-7
Product Categories: Crystal Grade Inorganics;Metal and Ceramic Science;Salts;Thallium Salts;ThalliumMetal and Ceramic Science
Canonical SMILES: I[Tl]
InChI: InChI=1S/HI.Tl/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey: CMJCEVKJYRZMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Uses
Added to mercury arc lamps to improve their performance The light produced is mainly in the blue green part of the visible light spectrum least absorbed by water, so these have been used for underwater lighting. Thallium iodide (CAS NO.7790-30-9) is used in trace amounts with NaI or CsI to produce a scintillator used in radiation scintillation detectors.
Production
Thallium iodide (CAS NO.7790-30-9) can be formed in aqueous solution by metathesis of any soluble thallium salt with iodide ion. It is also formed as a by-product in thallium-promoted iodination of phenols with thallium(I) acetate.Attempts to oxidise TlI to thallium(III) iodide fail, since oxidation produces the thallium(I) triiodide, Tl+I3−.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| 1. | orl-man TDLo:286 mg/kg:BAH | CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. 18 (1981),521. | ||
| 2. | orl-rat LDLo:55 mg/kg | 85GMAT Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure Izmerov, N.F., et al.,Moscow, USSR.: Centre of International Projects, GKNT,1982,111. | ||
| 3. | scu-mus LDLo:28 mg/kg | TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Sciences. 2 (1961),94. |
Consensus Reports
Thallium and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects: blood pressure lowering, change in motor activity, muscle weakness. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Tl and I−. See also IODIDES and THALLIUM COMPOUNDS.
Hazard Codes: 
T+, 
N
Risk Statements: 26/28-33-51/53
R26/28:Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R33:Danger of cumulative effects.
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Statements: 13-28-45-61
S13:Keep away from food, drink and animal foodstuffs.
S28:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds.
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
RIDADR: UN 1707 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: XG5425000
HazardClass: 6.1
PackingGroup: II
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.1 mg(Tl)/m3 (skin)
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.1 mg(Tl)/m3 (skin)
Specification
Thallium iodide (CAS NO.7790-30-9) is also called Thallium iodide (Tl2I2) ; Thallium iodide (TlI), dimer ; Thallium iodide (VAN) ; Thallium iodide, TlI ; Thallium monoiodide ; Thallium(1+) iodide ; Thallium(I) iodide . The room temperature form of Thallium iodide (CAS NO.7790-30-9) is yellow and has an orthorhombic structure which can be considered to be a distorted NaCl structure. The distorted structure is believed to be caused by favourable thallium-thallium interactions, the closest Tl-Tl distance is 383pm. At 175 °C the yellow form transforms to a red CsCl form. This phase transition is accompanied by about two orders of magnitude jump in electrical conductivity. The CsI structure can be stabilized down to room temperature by doping TlI with other iodides such as RbI, CsI, KI, AgI, TlBr and TlCl . Thus, presence of impurities might be responsible for coexistence of the cubic and orthorombic TlI phases at ambient conditions. Under high pressure, 160kbar, TlI becomes a metallic conductor.