104217-22-3

Upstream product

• 613-94-5 benzoic acid hydrazide 
• 78-84-2 isobutyraldehyde 
• 6913-90-2 N'-(isobutyryl)benzohydrazide 
• 63494-84-8 N'-(2-methylpropylidene)benzohydrazide 

Downstream Products

• 1380492-59-0 4-cyclohexyl-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 
• 1380492-60-3 4-butyl-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 
• 1297270-36-0 3-isopropyl-4,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 
• 1380492-52-3 3-isopropyl-4-mesityl-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Sodium hypochlorite-mediated synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles from hydrazides and aldehydes

[Figure not available: see fulltext.] A simple and convenient method for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles has been developed. Structurally divergent symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles can be obtained in moderate to high yields via NaOCl-mediated oxidative cyclization of N-acylhydrazones, generated in situ from aliphatic and aromatic hydrazides and aldehydes.

Visible-light-promoted aerobic oxidative cyclization to access 1,3,4-oxadiazoles from aldehydes and acylhydrazides

A novel and practical access to symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles directly from aldehydes and acylhydrazides using visible light irradiation under an air atmosphere in the presence of eosin Y as an organophotoredox catalyst at rt is reported. This is the first example of oxidative cyclization of acylhydrazones employing air and visible light as inexpensive, readily available, non-toxic, and sustainable reagents.

I2-mediated oxidative C-O bond formation for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles from aldehydes and hydrazides

A practical and transition-metal-free oxidative cyclization of acylhydrazones into 1,3,4-oxadiazoles has been developed by employing stoichiometric molecular iodine in the presence of potassium carbonate. The conditions of this cyclization reaction also work well with crude acylhydrazone substrates obtained from the condensation of aldehydes and hydrazides. A series of symmetrical and asymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted (aryl, alkyl, and/or vinyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazoles can be conveniently generated in an efficient and scalable fashion.

2,4,6-Tris[(4-dichloroiodo)phenoxy)]-1,3,5-triazine as a new recyclable hypervalent iodine(III) reagent for chlorination and oxidation reactions

The synthesis of 2,4,6-tris[(4-dichloroiodo)phenoxy)]-1,3,5-triazine, as a new recyclable nonpolymeric analogue of (dichloroiodo)benzene, is achieved in two steps using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and 4-iodophenol. The application of 2,4,6-tris[(4-dichloroiodo)phenoxy)]-1,3,5-triazine for the chlorination reaction of various activated arenes, olefin, and 1,3-diketone is demonstrated. The reagent 2,4,6-tris[(4-dichloroiodo)phenoxy)]-1,3,5-triazine can be applied also for the oxidative synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,2,4-thiadiazoles under mild conditions in excellent yields. The recyclability of the 2,4,6-tris[(4-dichloroiodo)phenoxy)]-1,3,5-triazine was possible owing to the facile recovery and reuse of the coproduced 2,4,6-tris(4-iodophenoxy)-1,3,5- triazine from the reaction mixture due to its practical insolubility in methanol. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York.

Tunable protic ionic liquids as solvent-catalysts for improved synthesis of multiply substituted 1,2,4-triazoles from oxadiazoles and organoamines

More than green alternatives to traditional volatile molecular organic solvents, protic ionic liquids as dual solvent-catalysts have been successfully used to promote reactions of organoamines with oxadiazoles to afford sterically hindered 1,2,4-triazoles. Among the tested protic ionic liquids, pyridinium trifluoroacetate and acetate showed the highest efficiency for the reactions of arylamines and alkylamines, respectively, indicating that tunable catalysis could be readily effected with protic ionic liquid solvent-catalysts by simply tuning their cation and anion counterparts. A general and efficient approach has been developed for synthesis of multiply substituted 1,2,4-triazoles based on the tunable protic ionic liquid solvent-catalyst systems.

Convenient preparation of unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles promoted by Dess-Martin reagent

2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been conveniently prepared by oxidative cyclization of N-acyl-N′-aryliden-hydrazines promoted by an excess of Dess-Martin periodinane under mild conditions (23 examples, up to 92% isolated yields).

Hypervalent Iodine Oxidation of N-Acylhydrazones and N-Phenylsemicarbazone: An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Derivatives of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and Δ3-1,3,4-Oxadiazolines

The oxidation of ketone N-acylhydrazones 1 by phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA) in alcohol gave 2-alkoxy-Δ3-1,3,4-oxadiazolines 4 in excellent yields, while the oxidative cyclization of aldehyde N-acylhydrazone 2 by PIDA in methanolic sodium acetate gave 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles in good yields.The oxidation of acetone 4-phenylsemicarbazone afforded 2-(N-phenylimino)-Δ3-1,3,4-oxadiazoline in excellent yield.

Electrooxidative Cyclization of N-Acylhydrazones of Aldehydes and Ketones to Δ3-1,3,4-Oxadiazolines and 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

The electrolytic oxidation of ketone N-acylhydrazones (1) in methanolic sodium acetate induced their intramolecular cyclization to the corresponding 2-methoxy-Δ3-1,3,4-oxadiazolines 3.The thermal stability of a given oxadiazoline and what products were formed by its thermal decomposition was found to depend on the natures of the substituents at C-2.Thus, 2-methoxy-2-phenyloxadiazolines preferentially yielded oxiranes 5, whereas 2-alkyl-2-methoxyoxadiazolines preferentially gave enol ethers 6. 2,2-Dimethoxyoxadiazolines decomposed to the parent ketones and many unidentified products.The electrolytic oxidation of aldehyde N-acylhydrazones 2 gave 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 4.The oxidative cyclization of the N-benzoylhydrazones of aliphatic aldehydes gave especially high yields of the corresponding heterocycles.