108-19-0

Usage

Outline

Biuret is the resulting product in urea production process by deamination and condensation reaction when the temperature is higher than the melting point of urea (150-170 ℃). Formula is NH2CONHCONH2. Reaction is as follows NH2CONH2-(heating)-> HNCO + NH3, HNCO + NH2CONH2 → NH2CONHCONH2, crystallization of urea in the granulation process will generate biuret, this substance is toxic to plants, thus content of biuret in urea is required not exceed 1%. Top dressing with urea, the content of biuret should not exceed 0.5%.

Chemical Properties

Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 108-19-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. It is long white sheet crystals. Melting point is 190 ℃ (decomposition), the relative density is 1.467 (-5/4 ℃). Crystals in water contain 4 molecules of water of crystallization, dehydrate at about 110 ℃. It is easily soluble in alcohol, very slightly soluble in ether.
2. white powder

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 108-19-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. 1. Biuret is used in feed for ruminants, as feed additives as urea, like, but more safe than urea. 2. It is used as pharmaceutical intermediates, growth hormone, foaming agents, paints. 3. It is used for chemical analysis.
2. Analytical reagent, especially for proteins.
3. Biuret is used in protein assay. It is also used as Catalytic agent, Petrochemical additive. It is used in organic synthesis. Biuret (Carbamoylurea) was used as a source of dietary nitrogen in purified diets for steers.
4. Biuret (Carbamoylurea) was used as a source of dietary nitrogen in purified diets for steers.

Reaction of binary biuret

Protein produces purple in alkaline copper sulfate solution, this is because the basic copper sulfate with proteins peptide bond (-NHCO-) formed sake complexes. On the structure of purple product, generally disagree, Xu Fu (Schiff) once separated following the reaction of compound (ⅰ) (purple crystal) from the most simple binary biuret reaction mixture, the chemical reaction equation related is as follows: Someone studied with a spectrophotometric method, suggesting that the reaction of binary biuret produces a colored substance, which is mainly composed of a tripeptide and tetrapeptide, complexes produced by ligand of copper and tripeptide was purple, complexes produced by ligand of copper with tetrapeptide was red. This reaction is not very sensitive, because its peptide bond with another substance that has other groups conduct the biuret reaction. Some substances without the peptide bonds (e.g., histidine) may also conduct this reaction, so its work on the application is limited.

Production method

Mix urea, water with disodium hydrogen phosphate, dissolve by heating. It was heated to 150-160 ℃, heat preservation for 2h. The reaction was completed, the reactants were poured into water and allowed to stand overnight, crystals filtered off were crude, and recrystallize with dilute ammonia to give the finished product of biuret. In the production of urea, intermediate urine is as raw material, by high temperature thermal condensation, separation, and drying, the production is obtained.

Definition

Different sources of media describe the Definition of 108-19-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. ChEBI: A member of the class of condensed ureas that is the compound formed by the condensation of two molecules of urea; the parent compound of the biuret group of compounds. Used as a non-protein nitrogen source in ruminant feed.
2. A colorless crystalline organic compound made by heating UREA (carbamide). It is used in a chemical test for PROTEINS.

Agricultural Uses

Biuret is a compound formed from urea when the temperature during the manufacture of urea goes above 140 to 170°C. A biuret concentration of more than 2% in urea is harmful to plants as it affects the metabolism of proteins.

Purification Methods

Crystallise biuret from EtOH. [Beilstein 3 IV 141.]

InChI:InChI=1/C2H5N3O2/c3-2(7)5-4-1-6/h1H,(H,4,6)(H3,3,5,7)

Upstream product

• 420-05-3 cyanic acid 
• 2208-89-1 N-cyanourea 
• 556-89-8 nitrourea 
• 626-36-8 ethyl allophanate 
• 590-28-3 potassium cyanate 
• 89712-70-9 dicyanoimide hydrochloride 
• 57-13-6 urea 
• 34277-75-3 2-methyl-2-thiopseudobiuret hydroiodide 
• 21347-31-9 S-methyl dithiobiuret hydroiodide salt 
• 69-93-2 uric Acid 
• 71-30-7 Cytosine 
• 861364-38-7 5-bromoamino-5-hydroxy-imidazolidine-2,4-dione 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 511-67-1 5,5-dibromobarbituric acid 

Downstream Products

• 98-92-0 nicotinamide 
• 108-80-5 isocyanuric acid 
• 55441-71-9 9-methyluric acid 
• 490-59-5 alloxazine 
• 626-36-8 ethyl allophanate 
• 81498-89-7 (diphenylacetyl)urea 
• 6942-46-7 1-phenylurazole 
• 3232-84-6 urazole 
• 108-78-1 2,4,6-triamino-s-triazine 
• 645-93-2 ammelide 
• 108-80-5 cyanuric acid 
• 463-58-1 carbon oxide sulfide 
• 6291-91-4 N-(carbamoylcarbamoyl)benzamide 
• 55-21-0 benzamide 

Related news

Analytical MethodsA practical method for extending the Biuret (cas 108-19-0) assay to protein determination of corn-based products08/23/2019

A modified biuret method suitable for protein determination of corn-based products was developed by introducing a combination of an alkaline reagent with sodium dodecyl sulfate (reagent A) and heat treatments. The method was tested on seven corn-based samples. The results showed mostly good agre...detailed

Laponite functionalized with Biuret (cas 108-19-0) and melamine – Application to adsorption of antibiotic trimethoprim08/21/2019

Laponite-aminosilane hybrid materials have been prepared by reaction of a chlorosilane, (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane, with two aminated compounds, namely, biuret and melamine. The resulting compounds were used for the functionalisation of laponite, using two synthesis procedures. The hybrid m...detailed

Measurement of the total protein in serum by Biuret (cas 108-19-0) method with uncertainty evaluation08/20/2019

As recommended by IFCC, the biuret method is generally used to determine the total protein as a reference method. In order to achieve accurate measurement of the total protein by biuret method, a detailed description of establishment, validation and uncertainty evaluation of this method is propo...detailed

Electrochemical and SEIRAS studies of urea and Biuret (cas 108-19-0) adsorption on polycrystalline gold08/19/2019

The potential dependent adsorption of urea and its self-condensation product, biuret, have been studied on polycrystalline gold electrodes using electrochemical and in situ infrared spectroscopy. Voltammetry reveals that biuret displays a wider double-layer region compared to its parent compound...detailed

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

An unexpected vestigial protein complex reveals the evolutionary origins of an s-triazine catabolic enzyme

Cyanuric acid is a metabolic intermediate of s-triazines, such as atrazine (a common herbicide) and melamine (used in resins and plastics). Cyanuric acid is mineralized to ammonia and carbon dioxide by the soil bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP via three hydrolytic enzymes (AtzD, AtzE, and AtzF). Here, we report the purification and biochemical and structural characterization of AtzE. Contrary to previous reports, we found that AtzE is not a biuret amidohydrolase, but instead it catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of 1-carboxybiuret. X-ray crystal structures of apo AtzE and AtzE bound with the suicide inhibitor phenyl phosphorodiamidate revealed that the AtzE enzyme complex consists of two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. We also show that AtzE forms an 22 heterotetramer with a previously unidentified 68-amino acid-long protein (AtzG) encoded in the cyanuric acid mineralization operon from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP. Moreover, we observed that AtzG is essential for the production of soluble, active AtzE and that this obligate interaction is a vestige of their shared evolutionary origin. We propose that AtzEG was likely recruited into the cyanuric acid–mineralizing pathway from an ancestral glutamine transamidosome that required protein–protein interactions to enforce the exclusion of solvent from the transamidation reaction.

Metal-mediated reactions towards the synthesis of a novel deaminolysed bisurea, dicarbamolyamine

A new selective cobalt acetate tetrahydrate or cerium nitrate hexahydrate mediated cleavage of the C-N bond of a benzoyl isothiocyanate derivative to give (carbamoylamino)methanethioamide is presented. The cleavage of the C-N could not be achieved in the absence of thione. The novel silver-mediated conversion of a thione to the carbonyl was achieved on 1-((benzamido)formyl)urea and replicated on (carbamoylamino)methanethioamide to give the deaminolyzed bisurea (dicarbamolyamine). The compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, microanalysis and GC-MS. The single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of the crystal structures of compounds I, II, III and V is discussed.

ACID-CATALYSED HYDROLYSIS OF CYANAMIDES: ESTIMATES OF CARBODI-IMIDE BASICITY AND TAUTOMERIC EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT BETWEEN CARBODI-IMIDE AND CYANAMIDE

N-cyanourea is demonstrated as an intermediate in the hydrolysis of dicyanamide which is shown to react as its carbodi-imide tautomer.The hydrolysis of N-cyanourea, dicyanamide, and NN'-dimethylcyanoguanidine is specific acid-catalysed.Generaln acid catalysis is demonstrated for ht e hydrolysis of NN'-dimethylcyanoguanidine and is considered to be specific acid-nucleophilic.Assuming the carbodi-imide mechanism also holds for hte specific acid catalysed hydrolysis of cyanamide the tautomeric equilibrium constant for formation of ht eparent carbodi-imide in water at 25 deg C is estimated to be have a value within one unit of zero.Rate constant are reported for alkaline hydrolysis of cyanamides.

A urea process for preparing diphenyl urea cleaning process

The invention discloses a clean process for preparing diphenyl urea by a urea method, and belongs to the technical field of diphenyl urea preparation. The clean process comprises the following steps: under the protection of an inert gas, adding an excessive amount of aniline into a reactor, heating to a first-stage reaction temperature, and keeping a certain inert gas flow; continuously adding urea into the reactor within a certain time through a continuous feeding hopper; heating to a second-stage reaction temperature and reacting to prepare the diphenyl urea. In the process, the aniline in the reactor is heated to a reaction temperature, and then the urea is added, so that the urea can be pyrolyzed quickly at a high temperature immediately to generate isocyanate, a byproduct of biuret is reduced, the yield of diphenyl urea is increased, meanwhile, the urea is continuously added into the reactor through the continuous feeding hopper, the production of the isocyanate can be controlled, the contact probability between isocyanate molecules and the aniline is increased, the contact probability between the isocyanate molecules and the urea is reduced, the byproduct of biuret can be reduced, and the yield of the diphenyl urea is increased.

PROCESS FOR STRAIGHTENING KERATIN FIBRES WITH A HEATING MEANS AND DENATURING AGENTS

The invention relates to a process for straightening keratin fibres, comprising: (i) a step in which a straightening composition containing at least two denaturing agents is applied to the keratin fibres, (ii) a step in which the temperature of the keratin fibres is raised, using a heating means, to a temperature of between 110 and 250° C.

Methods And Devices For Preparing Biuret And Cyanuric Acid

Provided are methods and devices for preparing biuret and cyanuric acid by thermal decomposition of urea. Specifically, a product of thermal decomposition is cooled to precipitate a crystal and the precipitated crystal is dissolved using an alkali aqueous solution and cooled to obtain biuret having high purity. Furthermore, the cyanuric acid that is one of byproducts by the thermal decomposition of urea is effectively recovered with high purity.

Method and apparatus for preparing hydrazo-dicarbonamide using urea as starting material

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for preparing hydrazodicarbonamide using urea as starting material economically and environmentally desirably. The apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace to obtain biuret and ammonia by pyrolyzing urea; a recrystallization reactor to purify the biuret obtained from the pyrolysis furnace; a first reactor to obtain an metal monohalobiuret salt by reacting the biuret with metal hypohalogen compound or with halogen and base; a second reactor to synthesize the hydrazodicarbonamide by reacting the monohalobiuret metal salt with ammonia; and an ammonia evaporator to separate the excess ammonia from hydrazodicarbonamide and to supply the separated ammonia to an ammonia concentrator.

Urea synthesis process and apparatus

Urea is prepared by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide in an apparatus comprising a vertical condensation and synthesis column (1) and a stripper (21), to provide a urea synthesis solution comprising urea, unreacted ammonia, unreacted carbon dioxide and water. The urea synthesis solution is transferred from the top of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1) to the top of a stripper (21). Carbon dioxide is introduced into the bottom of the stripper (21) and contacted with the urea synthesis solution, thereby separating the unreacted ammonia and the unreacted carbon dioxide from the urea, and providing a mixed gas comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water. The mixed gas is transferred into the bottom of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1), where it is reacted with liquid ammonia injected into the bottom and a middle of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1). The mixed gas and liquid ammonia are condensed and react to form urea. Uncondensed gases are absorbed in an absorbing medium, which is subsequently recycled to the bottom of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1).

Synthetic test soil

PCT No. PCT/EP97/00337 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 24, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 24, 1998 PCT Filed Jan. 24, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/27482 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 31, 1997The present invention provides methods and compositions relating to synthetic test stains comprising isolated fibrin and/or fibrin precursors and blood plasma proteins. Kits for the preparation of synthetic test stains containing an isolated fibrin precursor and an initiator for converting the fibrin precursor to fibrin are also provided. In addition, methods for checking the efficiency of cleaning processes, and kits for carrying out these methods are provided.

Substituted 1,3,5-triazinetriones, for use against parasitic protozoa

Protecting against parasitic protozoa with substituted 1,3,5-triazinetriones of the formula STR1 in which R1 represents aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals, each of which is optionally substituted, R2 represents H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or aralkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, R3 represents one or more identical or different radicals from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogenoalkoxy, halogenoalkylthio, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl and halogenoalkylsulphonyl, R4 represents hydrogen, a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl radical, alkenyl, alkinyl, aralkyl or aryl, each of which is optionally substituted, and R5 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or aralkyl. Also novel intermediates therefor.