110616-89-2Relevant articles and documents
The thermodynamics of phosphate versus phosphorothioate ester hydrolysis
Purcell, Jamie,Hengge, Alvan C.
, p. 8437 - 8442 (2005)
Phosphorothioate esters are phosphate esters in which one of the nonbridging oxygen atoms has been replaced by sulfur. In the comparative hydrolysis reactions of phosphorothioate and phosphate esters, the sulfur substitution accelerates the rates of the monoesters while slowing the rates of diesters and of triesters. Previously measured enthalpies and entropies of activation for the hydrolysis reactions of the monoesters, p-nitrophenyl phosphate and p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate, were compared to the activation parameters measured herein for the diesters, ethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate and ethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate, and the triesters, diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate and diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate. A consistent trend of a greater ΔH? for the phosphorothioate analogue was found in all three classes of ester. In the monoester case, a more positive ΔS? arising from a mechanistic difference (DN + AN for the phosphorothioate versus ANDN for the phosphate) compensates, resulting in a lower ΔG? for the phosphorothioate monoester. Spectroscopic investigations indicate there is no significant difference in bond order to the leaving group in phosphates, as compared to their phosphorothioate analogues, ruling this out as a contribution to the consistently higher enthalpies of activation.
Fe(III) Complex Compounds For The Treatment And Prophylaxis Of Iron Deficiency Symptoms And Iron Deficiency Anemias
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Paragraph 0568; 0569; 0570; 0571; 0572, (2013/05/09)
The invention relates to iron(III) complex compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them for the use as medicaments, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of iron deficiency symptoms and iron deficiency anemias.
Process for obtaining acyloins, pyruvate decarboxylases suitable therefor and their production and DNA sequence of the PDC gene coding them
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, (2008/06/13)
A process for obtaining a pyruvate decarboxylase by isolation from a producer organism. The pyruvate decarboxylase is capable of forming (R)-(-)-phenylacetylcarbinole (I) in ≥95% enantiomer unit with a product ratio of (I) to 2-hydoxypropiophenone of ≥95%. In addition, the pyruvate decarboxylase has a specific activity with regard to phenylacetylcarbinole formation of >1U/mg. It is the aim of the invention to obtain a pyruvate decarboxylase with improved synthesis capacity concerning the formation of (R)-(-)-phenylacetylcarbinole. The process of the invention developed for this purpose is characterized in that use is made of a producing organism with a gene coding for pyruvate decarboxylase from Zymomonas mobilis, in the DNA sequence of which the tryptophane radical coding codon TGG is replaced at position 1174-1176 by a codon which codes for an amino acid radical with a reduced volume ratio.