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Upstream product

• 13329-40-3 4-Iodoacetophenone 
• 108-98-5 thiophenol 
• 82102-37-2 9-methyl-9H-fluorene-9-carbonyl chloride 
• 201230-82-2 carbon monoxide 
• 99-90-1 para-bromoacetophenone 
• 31076-84-3 4-acetylbenzoyl chloride 
• 882-33-7 diphenyldisulfane 
• 586-89-0 4-acetyl-benzoic acid 

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• 53689-84-2 4-acetylbenzophenone 
• 10169-55-8 1-[4-(phenylthio)phenyl]ethan-1-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Decarbonylative thioetherification by nickel catalysis using air- and moisture-stable nickel precatalysts

A general, highly selective method for decarbonylative thioetherification of aryl thioesters by C-S cleavage is reported. These reactions are promoted by a commercially-available, user-friendly, inexpensive, air- and moisture-stable nickel precatalyst. The process occurs with broad functional group tolerance, including free anilines, cyanides, ketones, halides and aryl esters, to efficiently generate thioethers using ubiquitous carboxylic acids as ultimate cross-coupling precursors (cf. conventional aryl halides or pseudohalides). Selectivity studies and site-selective orthogonal cross-coupling/thioetherification are described. This thioester activation/coupling has been highlighted in the expedient synthesis of biorelevant drug analogue. In light of the synthetic utility of thioethers and Ni(ii) precatalysts, we anticipate that this user-friendly method will be of broad interest.

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Aryl Selenoesters Using Formic Acid as an Ex Situ CO Source

A new catalytic protocol for the synthesis of selenoesters from aryl iodides and diaryl diselenides has been developed, where formic acid was employed as an efficient, low-cost, and safe substitute for toxic and gaseous CO. This protocol presents a high functional group tolerance, providing access to a large family of selenoesters in high yields (up to 97%) while operating under mild reaction conditions, and avoids the use of selenol which is difficult to manipulate, easily oxidizes, and has a bad odor. Additionally, this method can be efficiently extended to the synthesis of thioesters with moderate-to-excellent yields, by employing for the first time diorganyl disulfides as precursors.

Rh(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Decarbonylation of Thioesters

Decarbonylative synthesis of thioethers from thioesters proceeds in the presence of a catalytic amount of [Rh(cod)Cl]2 (2 mol %). The protocol represents the first Rh-catalyzed decarbonylative thioetherification of thioesters to yield valuable thioethers. Notable features include the absence of phosphine ligands, inorganic bases, and other additives and excellent group tolerance to aryl chlorides and bromides that are problematic using other metals to promote decarbonylation. Gram scale synthesis, late-stage pharmaceutical derivatization, and orthogonal site-selective cross-couplings by C-S/C-Br cleavage are reported.

A synthesis of biaryl ketones via the C–S bond cleavage of thiol ester by a Cu/Ag salt

We report the synthesis of biaryl ketones via an unprecedented copper/silver catalyzed acylative cross-coupling of thiol esters with either an arylboronic acid or a potassium aryltrifluoroborate. This new method proceeds without a requisite Pd-catalyst and Cu(I)TC mediator, and is efficient, versatile, operationally simple, and accommodating functionally diverse thiol esters, arylboronic acids, and potassium aryltrifluoroborates.

Polymer supported Pd catalyzed thioester synthesis via carbonylation of aryl halides under phosphine free conditions

A new polymer supported phosphine free Pd(ii) complex has been synthesized and characterized. The catalytic performance of the complex has been tested for the carbonylation of aryl halides into aryl thioesters under mild reaction conditions. Thioesters were obtained in excellent yields from various aryl iodides and thiols in the presence of carbon monoxide and polymer supported palladium catalyst. The effects of solvent, base, reaction time and catalyst amount for the thioester synthesis were reported. This catalyst showed excellent catalytic activity and recyclability. The polymer supported Pd(ii) catalyst could be easily recovered by filtration and reused more than five times without appreciable loss of its initial activity.

Palladium-catalyzed thiocarbonylation of aryl, vinyl, and benzyl bromides

(Chemical Equation Presented) A catalytic protocol for synthesis of thioesters from aryl, vinyl, and benzyl bromides as well as benzyl chlorides was developed using only stoichiometric amounts of carbon monoxide, produced from a solid CO precursor inside a two-chamber system. As a catalytic system, the combination of bis(benzonitrile) palladium(II) chloride and Xantphos furnished the highest yields of the desired compounds, along with the weak base, NaOAc, in anisole at 120°C. The choice of catalytic system as well as solvent turned out to be important in order to ensure a high chemoselectivity in the reaction. Both electron-rich and electron-deficient aryl bromides worked well in this reaction. Addition of 1 equiv of sodium iodide to the reaction improved the chemoselectivity with the electron-deficient aryl bromides. The thiol scope included both aryl and alkyl thiols, including 2-mercaptobenzophenones, whereby a thiocarbonylation followed by a subsequent McMurry coupling yielded differently substituted benzothiophenes. It was demonstrated that the methodology could be applied for 13C introduction into the thiophene ring.

Pd-catalyzed thiocarbonylation with stoichiometric carbon monoxide: Scope and applications

A general protocol for the Pd-catalyzed thiocarbonylation of aryl iodides with stoichiometric carbon monoxide has been established employing a catalytic system composed of Pd(OAc)2 and DPEphos with low catalyst loading (1 mol %). Both electron-rich and -deficient aryl iodides proved effective for these couplings with aryl and alkyl thiols. The choice of the metal ligands and the solvent system was crucial for the efficiency and chemoselectivity of these transformations.