121-78-8

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
N-(3-(DIETHYLAMINO)METHYL)-4-HYDROXYPHENYLACETAMIDE is used as an impurity in the production of Amodiaquine (A634200), an antimalarial drug.
N-(3-(DIETHYLAMINO)METHYL)-4-HYDROXYPHENYLACETAMIDE is used as a precursor in the preparation of anti-tuberculosis drugs, contributing to the development of medications for the treatment of tuberculosis.

InChI:InChI=1/C13H20N2O2/c1-4-15(5-2)9-11-8-12(14-10(3)16)6-7-13(11)17/h6-8,17H,4-5,9H2,1-3H3,(H,14,16)

Upstream product

• 50-00-0 formaldehyd 
• 103-90-2 4-acetaminophenol 
• 109-89-7 diethylamine 
• 123-30-8 4-amino-phenol 
• 51-66-1 4-methoxyacetanilide 
• 104-94-9 4-methoxy-aniline 
• 100-02-7 4-nitro-phenol 

Downstream Products

• 51387-92-9 4-amino-2-((diethylamino)methyl)phenol 
• 83196-62-7 2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-4-(quinolin-4-ylamino)phenol 
• 83196-63-8 4-(2-chloro-[4]quinolylamino)-2-diethylaminomethyl-phenol 
• 86-42-0 amodiaquin 
• 83196-60-5 4-(7-bromoquinolin-4-ylamino)-2-diethylaminomethylphenol 
• 83196-61-6 4-(7-iodoquinolin-4-ylamino)-2-diethylaminomethylphenol 
• 110875-50-8 4-(6-chloro-[4]quinolylamino)-2-diethylaminomethyl-phenol 
• 83196-64-9 4-(8-chloro-[4]quinolylamino)-2-diethylaminomethyl-phenol 
• 102374-64-1 4-(7-chloro-2-methylquinolin-4-ylamino)-2-((diethylamino)methyl)phenol 
• 64131-49-3 2-diethylaminomethyl-4-(6-methoxy-[4]quinolylamino)-phenol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Antimalarial Benzimidazole Derivatives Incorporating Phenolic Mannich Base Side Chains Inhibit Microtubule and Hemozoin Formation: Structure-Activity Relationship and in Vivo Oral Efficacy Studies

A novel series of antimalarial benzimidazole derivatives incorporating phenolic Mannich base side chains at the C2 position, which possess dual asexual blood and sexual stage activities, is presented. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that the 1-benzylbenzimidazole analogues possessed submicromolar asexual blood and sexual stage activities in contrast to the 1H-benzimidazole analogues, which were only active against asexual blood stage (ABS) parasites. Further, the former demonstrated microtubule inhibitory activity in ABS parasites but more significantly in stage II/III gametocytes. In addition to being bona fide inhibitors of hemozoin formation, the 1H-benzimidazole analogues also showed inhibitory effects on microtubules. In vivo efficacy studies in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice revealed that the frontrunner compound 41 exhibited high efficacy (98% reduction in parasitemia) when dosed orally at 4 × 50 mg/kg. Generally, the compounds were noncytotoxic to mammalian cells.

Antimalarial Pyrido[1,2- a]benzimidazole Derivatives with Mannich Base Side Chains: Synthesis, Pharmacological Evaluation, and Reactive Metabolite Trapping Studies

A novel series of pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles bearing Mannich base side chains and their metabolites were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodium activity, microsomal metabolic stability, reactive metabolite (RM) formation, and in vivo antimalarial efficacy in a mouse model. Oral administration of one of the derivatives at 4 × 50 mg/kg reduced parasitemia by 95% in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice, with a mean survival period of 16 days post-treatment. The in vivo efficacy of these derivatives is likely a consequence of their active metabolites, two of which showed potent in vitro antiplasmodium activity against chloroquine-sensitive and multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) strains. Rapid metabolism was observed for all the analogues with 40% of parent compound remaining after 30 min of incubation in liver microsomes. RM trapping studies detected glutathione adducts only in derivatives bearing 4-aminophenol moiety, with fragmentation signatures showing that this conjugation occurred on the phenyl ring of the Mannich base side chain. As with amodiaquine (AQ), interchanging the positions of the 4-hydroxyl and Mannich base side group or substituting the 4-hydroxyl with fluorine appeared to block bioactivation of the AQ-like derivatives though at the expense of antiplasmodium activity, which was significantly lowered.

ANTIVIRAL DRUG FOR SEVERE FEVER WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROME

The present invention pertains to an antiviral drug for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, which contains a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate of the compound or salt (In the formula, R1 and R2 are the same or different from each other, and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-10 alkyl group, R1 and R2 may form a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-member ring in conjunction with an adjacent nitrogen atom, and X represent a halogen atom.)

Antiplasmodial imidazopyridazines: structure-activity relationship studies lead to the identification of analogues with improved solubility and hERG profiles

3,6-Diarylated imidazopyridazines have recently been shown to possess good in vitro antiplasmodial and in vivo antimalarial activity. However, frontrunner compounds have been associated with poor solubility and a hERG (human ether-a-go-go-related gene) inhibition liability raising concerns for potential cardiotoxicity risks. Herein, we report the synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of new imidazopyridazines aimed at improving aqueous solubility and countering hERG inhibition while maintaining antiplasmodial potency. While we identified new analogues with potent antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 0.031 μM against the NF54 drug-sensitive strain, and IC50 = 0.0246 μM against the K1 multidrug resistant strain), hERG inhibition remained an issue. Excitingly, on the other hand, new analogues with a substantially improved hERG inhibition profile (IC50 = 7.83-32.3 μM) with sub-micromolar antiplasmodial activity (NF54, IC50 = 0.151-0.922 μM) were identified. Similarly, the introduced molecular features also resulted in analogues with moderate to high solubility (60-200 μM) while also displaying sub-micromolar antiplasmodial potency (NF54, IC50 = 0.136-0.99 μM).

Discovery of a potent non-oxime reactivator of nerve agent inhibited human acetylcholinesterase

Organophosphorous (OP) compounds (such as nerve agents) inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by covalent phosphylation of a key serine residue in the active site of the enzyme resulting in severe symptoms and ultimately death. OP intoxications are currently treated by administration of certain oxime compounds. The presently fielded oximes reactivate OP-inhibited AChE by liberating the phosphylated serine. Recent research towards new reactivators was predominantly devoted to design, synthesis and evaluation of new oxime-based compounds dedicated to overcoming some of the major limitations such as their intrinsic toxicity, their permanent charge which thwarts penetration of brain tissues and their inability to effectively reactivate all types of nerve agent inhibited AChEs. However, in over six decades of research only limited success has been achieved, indicating that there is a need for alternative classes of compounds that could reactivate OP-inhibited AChE. Recently, a number of non-oxime compounds was discovered in which the 4-amino-2-((diethylamino)methyl)phenol (ADOC) motif proved to be able to reactivate OP-inhibited AChE to some extent. In this paper several structural derivatives of ADOC were synthesized and screened for their ability to reactivate human AChE (hAChE) inhibited by the nerve agents VX, sarin, tabun, cyclosarin and paraoxon. We here disclose that one of those compounds showed a remarkable ability to reactivate OP-inhibited hAChE in vitro and that it is the most potent non-oxime reported to date.

Continuous preparing method for amodiaquine hydrochloride

The invention provides a continuous preparing method for amodiaquine hydrochloride. The method is a continuous three-step reaction preparing method and has the advantages that an intermediate product prepared in the reaction step is not separated, and amodiaquine hydrochloride is directly prepared. The method is simple in technology, less equipment is occupied, operation is simple, water serves as reaction solvent, pollution of a system is small, and the method is suitable for industrial production.

Novel, potent, orally bioavailable and selective mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibitors that demonstrated activity against both replicating and non-replicating M. tuberculosis

The mycobacterial F0F1-ATP synthase (ATPase) is a validated target for the development of tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics. Therefore, a series of eighteen novel compounds has been designed, synthesized and evaluated against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATPase. The observed ATPase inhibitory activities (IC50) of these compounds range between 0.36 and 5.45 μM. The lead compound 9d [N-(7-chloro-2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-N-(3-((diethylamino)methyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dichlorobenzenesulfonamide] with null cytotoxicity (CC50 >300 μg/mL) and excellent anti-mycobacterial activity and selectivity (mycobacterium ATPase IC50 = 0.51 μM, mammalian ATPase IC50 >100 μM, and selectivity >200) exhibited a complete growth inhibition of replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv at 3.12 μg/mL. In addition, it also exhibited bactericidal effect (approximately 2.4 log10 reductions in CFU) in the hypoxic culture of non-replicating M. tuberculosis at 100 μg/mL (32-fold of its MIC) as compared to positive control isoniazid [approximately 0.2 log10 reduction in CFU at 5 μg/mL (50-fold of its MIC)]. The pharmacokinetics of 9d after p.o. and IV administration in male Sprague-Dawley rats indicated its quick absorption, distribution and slow elimination. It exhibited a high volume of distribution (Vss, 0.41 L/kg), moderate clearance (0.06 L/h/kg), long half-life (4.2 h) and low absolute bioavailability (1.72%). In the murine model system of chronic TB, 9d showed 2.12 log10 reductions in CFU in both lung and spleen at 173 μmol/kg dose as compared to the growth of untreated control group of Balb/C male mice infected with replicating M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The in vivo efficacy of 9d is at least double of the control drug ethambutol. These results suggest 9d as a promising candidate molecule for further preclinical evaluation against resistant TB strains.

Aromatic amino analogues of artemisinin: Synthesis and in vivo antimalarial activity

Nine orally active novel artemisinin derivatives were prepared from artemisinin by four-step synthesis, and the compounds were evaluated in the rodent model using multidrug resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. All of the compounds exhibited antimalarial activities with the ED50 ranging from 5.41 mg/kg-12.4 mg/kg. Among them, artemisinin derivative bearing N-(4-hydroxy-3- ((4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl) moiety (5f) was found to be the most active compound and was found to be three times more potent than artemisinin (ED50 16.4 mg/kg). Birkhaeuser Boston 2009.

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of (1H-pyridin-4-ylidene)amines as potential antimalarials

(1H-Pyridin-4-ylidene)amines containing lipophilic side chains at the imine nitrogen atom were prepared as potential clopidol isosteres in the development of antimalarials. Their antiplasmodial activity was evaluated in vitro against the Plasmodium falciparum W2 (chloroquine-resistant) and FCR3 (atovaquone-resistant) strains. The most active of these derivatives, 4m, had an IC50 of 1 μM against W2 and 3 μM against FCR3. Molecular modeling studies suggest that (1H-pyridin-4-ylidene)amines may bind to the ubiquinol oxidation Qo site of cytochrome bc1.

Microwave-induced Mannich reaction - Synthesis of some Mannich derivatives of p-aminophenol

Mono and bis substituted dialkylamino alkyl-p-aminophenol 3 are prepared by treating paracetamol 1 with formaldehyde and appropriate secondary amines followed by deacetylation using 6 M HCI in unmodified domestic microwave oven in unsealed borosil vessels