13305-09-4Relevant articles and documents
187. Primary and Secondary Isotope Effects on Proton Transfers to Diazocarbonyl Compounds
McGarrity, John F.
, p. 1767 - 1778 (1980)
The primary solvent isotope effects on the ASE-2 type hydrolyses of α-diazocarbonyl compounds p-XC6H4CN2CO2CH3 (X=NO2, H, OCH3 and C6H5CN2CON(CH3)2) are found to be identical despite large differences in their overall hydrolysis rates.The secondary solvent isotope effects diminish considerably with diminishing substrate reactivity, and for two substrates they are smaller than those normally anticipated for a simple proton transfer from the lyonium species.An analysis is presented of these and other abnormal secondary isotope effects found elsewhere, involving consideration of the solvation of the reaction complex.
PRODRUGS WITH A TRIDENTATE SELF-IMMOLATIVE LINKER
-
, (2020/07/08)
The present application provides a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L1, L2, L3, n, m, p, X, T, TR, and D are as described herein. Methods of using of these compounds to treat diseases advantageously treatable by drug D are also described.
By 2-hydroxy-c b cyanogen synthesis method of a-hydroxy carboxylic acid ester
-
Paragraph 0029-0031, (2016/11/09)
The invention relates to synthesis of alpha-hydroxy carboxylic ester with 2-hydroxy propylene cyanide and corresponding aldehyde or ketone. The existing common alpha-hydroxy carboxylic ester generally needs superior cyan such as trimethylsilyl cyanide, and then hydrolysis is carried out on the cyan, so that the reaction operation is relatively complicated, and post treatment is a trouble. According to the method, 2-hydroxy propylene cyanide and corresponding aldehyde or ketone are mixed directly, 4-dimethylamino-pyridne of the catalysis amount is added, alcohol compound is taken as the solvent, and the product can be obtained by stirring for 10-120 minutes. The method for synthesizing the alpha-hydroxy carboxylic ester is safe and has high efficiency.
SELF-IMMOLATIVE LINKERS CONTAINING MANDELIC ACID DERIVATIVES, DRUG-LIGAND CONJUGATES FOR TARGETED THERAPIES AND USES THEREOF
-
, (2015/03/28)
The invention provides a therapeutic drug and targeting conjugate, pharmaceutical compositions containing these conjugates in pharmaceutical composition, and uses of these conjugates in anti-neoplastic and other therapeutic regimens. Also provided are novel intermediates thereof. The conjugates provide a therapeutic drug fragment or prodrug fragment bound to a targeting moiety via a linker which comprises a substrate cleavable by a protease such as Cathepsin B. The targeting moiety is a ligand which targets a cell surface molecule, such as a cell surface receptor on an anti-neoplastic cell. The ligand may function solely as a targeting moiety or may itself have a therapeutic effect. Following administration of the therapeutic drug and targeting conjugate of formula I and exposure of the conjugate to the protease specific for the substrate, the linker is cleaved and the targeting moiety is separated from the conjugate, which causes the drug fragment or prodrug fragment to convert to the drug or prodrug. The recited conjugates are useful in anti-neoplastic therapies. Also provided are methods of making the therapeutic drug and targeting conjugates and intermediates thereof, and kits comprising the therapeutic drug and targeting conjugates.
Chemoselective esterification of α-hydroxyacids catalyzed by salicylaldehyde through induced intramolecularity
Weng, Shiue-Shien,Li, Hsin-Chun,Yang, Teng-Mao
, p. 1976 - 1986 (2013/03/13)
A new, direct and chemoselective esterification of α-hydroxyacids was developed using a reversible covalent-binding strategy. By taking advantage of acetal chemistry, simple aldehydes can be used to efficiently catalyze the esterification of α-hydroxy carboxylic acids in the presence of β-hydroxyacid moieties or other carboxylic acids in amounts equal to or in excess of the alcohols. A diverse array of α-aryl, α-alkyl, α-heteroaryl, and functionalized α-hydroxyacids were smoothly esterified with 1° and 2° alcohols catalyzed by 10 mol% inexpensive and commercially available salicylaldehyde, furnishing the resultant esterification products in 83-95% yields after a simple basic aqueous workup to remove the unreacted hydroxyacids. In addition, the salicylaldehyde can be recovered through vacuum distillation or silica gel purification, thereby meeting the standards of green chemistry. A mechanistic study proved that the formation of covalent adduct III during our proposed catalytic cycle (Scheme 1A) is responsible for the real catalysis.
Stereomodulating effect of remote groups on the NADH-mimetic reduction of alkyl aroylformates with 1,4-dihydronicotinamide-β-lactam amides
Aizpurua, Jesus M.,Palomo, Claudio,Fratila, Raluca M.,Ferrón, Pablo,Miranda, José I.
experimental part, p. 3187 - 3194 (2010/06/12)
Conformationally restricted NADH peptidomimetics 4a-e, characterized by the presence of a (1,4-dihydronicotinamide)-(β-lactam) moiety, have been synthesized and used to study the Mg2+ cation-promoted asymmetric reduction of alkyl aroylformates
Developing novel activity-based fluorescent probes that target different classes of proteases.
Zhu, Qing,Girish, Aparna,Chattopadhaya, Souvik,Yao, Shao Q
, p. 1512 - 1513 (2007/10/03)
In this article, we report the design and synthesis of a group of novel activity-based probes that target different protease sub-classes based on their substrate specificities, rather than their enzymatic mechanisms. The feasibility of our approach has be
An efficient protocol for the reduction of ketones with tin(II) complexes and PMHS
Lawrence, Nicholas J.,Bushell, Simon M.
, p. 4507 - 4512 (2007/10/03)
A mixture of tin(II) triflate/pybox and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) in methanol effects the efficient reduction of ketones; the use of an enantiomerically pure pybox ligand leads to moderate enantioselectivity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Cationic BINAP-Ru(II) Halide Complexes: Highly Efficient Catalysts for Stereoselective Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α- and β-Functionalized Ketones
Mashima, Kazushi,Kusano, Koh-hei,Sato, Naomasa,Matsumura, Yoh-ichi,Nozaki, Kyoko,et al.
, p. 3064 - 3076 (2007/10/02)
Cationic ruthenium-BINAP complexes 5, 7, and 10 of the formula Y, where X = Cl, Br, I; Y = Cl, Br, I, BF4, B(C6H5)4; arene = benzene, p-cymene, ethyl benzoate, and their enantiomers have been prepared by the reaction of arene-ruthenium halide complexes 4, 6, and 9 with (S)-BINAP or (R)-BINAP.Structures of the complexes were established by spectroscopy, conductivity, and a single-crystal X-ray analysis (5d: orthorhombic, P21212; a=20.141(2) Angstroem, b=18.504(1) Angstroem, c=12.241(1) Angstroem, V=4562.0(7) Angstroem3, Z=4, R=0.078 for unique 4177 reflections).BINAP derivatives with various substituents at the para and meta positions of four phenyl rings on phosphorus atoms and their cationic Ru(II) complexes have also been synthesized.These BINAP-Ru(II) complexes have been used as catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of various unsaturated organic compounds such as α- and β-keto esters, allylic alcohols, and α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids in excellent diastereo- and/or enantioselectivities.Catalytic activities and stereoselectivities depend highly on reaction conditions such as solvent, temperature, and additives.Variation of halogen ligands bound to ruthenium atom and substituents on four phenyl rings of BINAP also have exerted remarkable effects on the efficiency of the catalysis.Asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl (+/-)-2-(benzamidomethyl)-3-oxobutanoate catalyzed by the species derived from 9c and 3,5-(t-Bu)2-BINAP afforded the corresponding syn-(2S,3R)-17 in 98percent de and 99percent ee.
7. Substituent and Isotope Effects on the Hydrolysis Rates of 2-Aryl-2-diazocarboxylic Esters
Bui-Nguyen, Mai-Huong,Dahn, Hans,McGarrity, John F.
, p. 63 - 75 (2007/10/02)
The overall kinetic solvent isotope effects on the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a series of 2-diazo-2-carboxylic esters ArCN2COOCH3, and one 2-aryl-2-diazocarboxamide C6H5CH2CON(CH3)2 very inversely with the reactivity of the substrate, between limits of 3.14 and 1.46.A linear Hammett plot for the hydrolysis rates of the α-diazocarboxylic esters indicates that there is no mechanistic change for the hydronium-ion-catalyzed reaction.The relation between hydrolysis rate and buffer acid concentration deviates from linearity for high values of the latter.It is shown on the basis of the solvent isotope effects for the non-linear region that this deviation does not stem from a mechanistic change caused by the buffer base component.The specific salt effects on the general acid-catalyzed reaction are discussed.
