13537-18-3

Basic information

• Product Name: Thulium(III) chloride
• Synonyms: Thuliumchloride; Thulium trichloride; Thulium(III) chloride
• CAS NO: 13537-18-3
• Molecular Formula: Cl₃Tm
• Molecular Weight: 275.28
• EINECS: 236-904-9
• Mol File: 13537-18-3.mol
• Article Data: 33

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 1490ºC
• Flash Point: °C
• Appearance: yellow
• Density: 3.98 g/cm³
• Vapor Pressure: 33900mmHg at 25°C
• CAS DataBase Reference: Thulium(III) chloride(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Thulium(III) chloride(13537-18-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Thulium(III) chloride(13537-18-3)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 13537-18-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

General Description

Thulium(III) chloride, also known as thulium trichloride, is a chemical compound composed of one thulium atom and three chlorine atoms. It is a white, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and produces a pink solution. Thulium(III) chloride is used in the production of specialized glass, ceramics, and catalysts, as well as in the field of nuclear research and in the pharmaceutical industry. It is also used as a source of thulium ions in various chemical and medical applications, including contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as a dopant in solid-state lasers. Thulium(III) chloride must be handled with care, as it is a strong irritant to the eyes and skin, and may cause respiratory irritation if inhaled.

InChI:InChI=1/3ClH.Tm/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3

Upstream product

• 7647-01-0 hydrogenchloride 
• 7782-50-5 chlorine 
• 13778-39-7 thulium(III) chloride hexahydrate 
• 114363-74-5 TmCl₃*H₂O 
• 56-23-5 tetrachloromethane 
• 13778-39-7 TmCl₃*3H₂O 
• 13778-39-7 thulium(III) chloride hydrate 
• 7446-70-0 aluminium trichloride 

Downstream Products

• 14041-47-5 thulium 
• 86260-94-8 Li6Tm(helidamate)3*3LiCl 
• 1378254-56-8 tris[1-(4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl)octane-1,3-diono]-[5,5'-di(heptadecyl)-2,2'-bipyridine]thulium 

Relevant articles and documents

Ternary chlorides in the systems Acl/TmCl3 (A = Cs, Rb, K)

The phase diagrams of the systems ACl/TmCl3 (A= Cs, Rb, K) were investigated by DTA and XRD. Compounds A3TmCl6, A2TmCl5, ATm2Cl7, and Cs3Tm2Cl9 exist. Rb2TmCl5 is the first 2:1 compound in the series La to Lu crystallizing in the Cs2DyCl5 structure with connected [TmCl6] octahedra. By emf vs T measurements in galvanic chlorine cells for solid electrolytes for all compounds, ATm2Cl7 excepted, the thermodynamic functions for the formation from the compounds adjacent in the phase diagrams could be determined.

Electrochemical study of the reduction of Tm(III) ions in a molten NaCl-2CsCl eutectic

Electrochemical behavior of TmCl3 solutions in a NaCl-2CsCl eutectic melt at temperatures of 823-973 K on an inert Mo electrode was studied by cyclic and square-wave voltammetry and the method of electromotive forces. The mechanism of the cathodic process was determined, kinetic parameters of the Tm(III) + e ? Tm(II) reaction were found, and the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients of Tm(III) ions was calculated. The conditional standard redox potential for the Tm(III)/Tm(II) pair was measured in the temperature range under study. The basic thermodynamic characteristics of the Tm(III) + e ? Tm(II) redox reaction in a molten NaCl-2CsCl eutectic mixture were determined. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2012.

Lanthanide carbonates

The crystal and molecular structures of the rare earth carbonates with the general formulae [C(NH2)]3 [Ln(CO3)4 (H2O)]·2H2O (where Ln = Pr3+,Nd 3+,Sm3+,Eu3+,Gd3+,Tb 3+)and [C(NH2)]3 [Ln(CO3) 4]·2H2O (where Ln = Y3+,Dy 3+,Ho3+,Er3+, Tm3+,Yb 3+,Lu3+) were determined. The crystals consist of monomeric [Ln(CO3)4 (H2O)] 5-or [Ln(CO3)4] 5-complex anions in which the carbonate ligands coordinate to the Ln3+ion in a bidentate manner. The spectroscopic (UV/Vis/NIR and IR) properties of the crystalline lanthanide carbonates, as well as their aqueous solutions, were determined. Correlation between the spectroscopic and the structural data enabled us to conclude that the [Ln(CO3)4 (OH)]6-and [Ln-(CO 3)4]5- species predominate in the light and heavy lanthanide solutions, respectively. The nature of the Ln-O interaction was also discussed. The experimental data, as well as the theoretical calculations, indicated that the Ln-O(CO3 2-) bond is more covalent than the Ln-O(OH2) bond. Moreover, the covalency degree is larger for the heavy lanthanide ions. Inspection of the NBO results revealed that the oxygen hybrids, with the approximate composition sp4, form strongly polarized bonds with the 6s6p5d4 hybrids of lutetium. 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Comparison of covalency in the lanthanide chloride and nitrate complexes based on the adsorption data on zeolite y

The changes of the distribution constants Kd of lanthanide chlorides in the system: zeolite Y (solid phase)-sodium chloride (aqueous phase) were investigated. The evident tetrad effect in the change of log Kd values within the lantha