137-41-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of carbaryl in environmental samples
Sharma, Devender Kumar,Dharmani, Tilak,Sharma, Nisha
, p. 173 - 186 (2015)
In the view of the potential hazards associated with the widespread use of carbaryl insecticide, a new simple extractive spectrophotometric method has been developed for its determination in environmental samples viz. soil, water and foodstuffs for its safer and more effective use. The proposed method is based on the microwave assisted alkaline hydrolysis of the insecticide to methylamine. The later is measured as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) extractable yellow nickel(II)-methyldithiocarbamate complex at 380 nm through the reaction with carbon disulfide and nickel(II) acetate. The insecticide can be determined in the linearity range from 2.01 to 60.3 μg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. The method has been applied to the analysis of carbaryl in its commercial formulation and its recovery from vegetable and water samples for monitoring health hazards. Recoveries of the insecticide from vegetables and spiked water samples were good, ranging from 87.6-92.8%, with RSDs ranging from 0.54-1.02%. The method has also been validated for investigating the sorption of carbaryl on five soils with different characteristics to evaluate its leaching behaviour which is a measure of ground and surface water contamination. The leaching potential of the insecticide in terms of groundwater ubiquity score (GUS) has values in the range 1.8-2.2 classifying it as transition leacher hence it has potential to contaminate groundwater.
Synthesis of 3-substituted-5-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)-tetrahydro-2h-1,3, 5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives as antifibrinolytic and antimicrobial agents
Oezcelik, Azime Berna,Ersan, Seyhan,Ural, Ali Ugur,Oezkan, Semiha,Ertan, Mevluet
, p. 554 - 559 (2008/02/12)
A series of 3-substituted-5-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)-tetrahydro-2H-1,3, 5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives was prepared and examined for antifibrinolytic and antimicrobial activities. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods. Antifibrinolytic activities of these compounds, were investigated in vitro and compared to tranexamic acid (CAS 1197-18-8). Among the synthesized compounds, 3-methyl-5-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)-tetrahydro-2H-1, 3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Ia) was the most prominent one (104 %) when compared to tranexamic acid. Besides, 3-ethyl-5-(4-carboxycyclohexyl-methyl)-tetrahydro- 2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Ib), 3-isopropyl-5-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)- tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Id) and 3-isobutyl-5-(4- carboxycyclohexyl-methyl)-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Ig) showed antifibrinolytic activity similar to tranexamic acid. Antibacterial activities of these compounds against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and yeast-like fungi (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis) were investigated by the micro-dilution method and compared with the activity of tranexamic acid, ofloxacin and fluconazole. By this way their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined. Compound Ia exhibited almost equally potent activity against B. subtilis (MIC and MBC: 6.25 μg/mL). Compounds Ib-Id, If-Ig and In exhibited similar bactericidal activity against B. subtilis (MBC: 12.5 μg/mL). Compounds Ik and Im showed bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus. None of the compounds exhibited activity against Gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, all compounds had potent antifungal activities against the yeast utilized. Among the synthesized compounds, 3-methyl-5-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl) -tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Ia) seems to be the most effective compound with antifibrinolytic and antimicrobial activity. ECV Editio Cantor Verlag.
Tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-5-(4-pyridylcarboxamide)-2-thione derivatives as prodrugs for isoniazid; synthesis, investigations and in vitro antituberculous activity.
Aboul-Fadl,Hassanin
, p. 244 - 247 (2007/10/03)
3-Substituted-5-(4-pyridylcarboxamido)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiad iazine-2- thione derivatives 5a-e were synthesized as prodrugs for isoniazid (INH) to overcome the resistance developed with its therapeutic use. These prodrugs revealed higher lipophilicity compared with INH. Their degradation kinetics were studied in vitro using aqueous buffer solutions of pH values 1.2 and 7.4 was well as biological media of human plasma and rat liver homogenate at 37 degrees C. They were more stable toward enzymatic degradation in biological than in chemical media. Release of INH from these derivatives was detected as a result of both chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis by HPLC. The antimycobacterial activity of the synthesized compounds and INH was tested in vitro against human type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. They exhibited a greater antitubercular activity than the parent drug. This result is considered as an indicator for an improved permeation of the synthesized prodrugs through mycobacterial cell membranes relative to INH.
New carriers for representative peptides and peptide drugs
Aboul-Fadl, Tarek,El-Shorbagi, Abdel-Nasser
, p. 327 - 332 (2007/10/03)
3,5-Disubstituted tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (THTT) derivatives; 4a-g were prepared and found to be a promising prodrug approach for peptide drugs. The pH profile for their degradation in aqueous buffer solutions was determined using HPLC technique and accounted for, in terms of specific base-catalyzed reactions. All of the compounds however, showed high acid-stability. Enzymatic (human serum) hydrolysis of the different derivatives offered an advantageous range of t( 1/4 )'s, the property that permits controlling onset and duration of actions of drugs.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives of amoxicillin
Ertan,Sarac,Yulug
, p. 790 - 795 (2007/10/02)
A number of 6-[2-(dihydro-5-substituted-6-thioxo-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-3(4-H)-yl)- 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]penicillanic acids has been synthesized as prodrugs by incorporating the amine group of amoxicillin trihydrate into tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione ring. The compounds have been prepared by the reaction of various alkyl or aralkyl amines with potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, formaldehyde and amoxicillin trihydrate. The structures of the compounds have been elucidated by UV, IR, 1H-NMR spectra and elementary analysis. The in vitro activity of these compounds against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and yeast-like fungi (Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. stellatoidea, C. pseudotropicalis) was investigated by the tube dilution method and compared with the activity of amoxicillin trihydrate. By this way their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined. Compound I and Compound VII were significantly more effective than amoxicillin trihydrate against S. aureus (MBC: 6.25 μg/ml). Compound VI and Compound XI were effective against. S. faecalis (MBC: 6.25 μg/ml) and Compound I and Compound VI were effective against E. coli (MBC: 12.5 μg/ml). All of the compounds and amoxicillin trihydrate were ineffective against P. aeruginosa (MIC: >100 μg/ml). Compound IX and Compound X were the most active derivatives against yeast-like fungi; the MFC values for these compounds ranged between 6.25 and 37.5 μg/ml.
