624-92-0 Usage
Description
Dimethyl disulfide, also known as DMDS, is a colorless oily liquid with a strong, sulfurous odor similar to that of garlic and decaying fish. It is denser than water, slightly soluble in water, and has a low flash point of 16°C (61°F), which presents fire hazards during refinery usage. Dimethyl disulfide is an organic disulfide that is methane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a methyldisulfanyl group. It has a role as a xenobiotic metabolite and is often used in combination with other flavor compounds in various food products.
Uses
1. Industrial Applications:
Used in Oil Refineries:
Dimethyl disulfide is used as a sulfiding agent to catalyze reactions in oil refineries and other industries. Its low flash point and strong odor make it a suitable choice for this application.
2. Agricultural Applications:
Used as a Soil Fumigant:
Dimethyl disulfide serves as an effective soil fumigant in agriculture, helping to control pests and improve crop yields.
3. Food Industry Applications:
a. Flavor Additive:
Dimethyl disulfide is used as an intermediate and a flavor additive in various food products, including onion, garlic, cheese, meats, soups, savory flavors, and fruit flavors. Its distinctive odor and pleasant aroma when diluted make it a popular choice for enhancing the taste of these products.
b. Artificial Flavoring Agent:
It is used as an artificial flavoring agent in the food industry, providing a unique and intense onion-like aroma to various products.
4. Chemical Industry Applications:
a. Intermediate in Chemical Synthesis:
Dimethyl disulfide is used as an intermediate in the preparation of various chemicals, such as 4-(methylthio)phenol and 2-methylfuran-acrolein.
b. Jet Fuel Additive:
It is used to replace methyl mercaptan as a jet fuel additive, providing a safer and more effective alternative.
c. Corrosion Inhibitor:
Dimethyl disulfide finds application as a corrosion inhibitor, protecting materials from the damaging effects of corrosion.
5. Safety Applications:
Used in Natural Gas and Propane Leak Detection:
Due to its strong odor and low flash point, dimethyl disulfide is often added to natural gas and propane to warn of leaks and protect people. The odor of a DMDS fumigation can be mistaken for a gas leak, making it an effective safety measure.
Occurrence:
Dimethyl disulfide is naturally found in a wide range of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meats, and beverages, including sour cherry, guava, melon, peach, pineapple, strawberry, cabbage, kohlrabi, onion, garlic, shallot, leek, chive, peas, potato, rutabaga, tomato, parsley, breads, many cheeses, yogurt, milk, egg, fish, meats, hop oil, beer, Scotch whiskey, cognac, grape wines, cocoa, coffee, peanut, peanut butter, pecan, potato chips, oats, soybean, beans, mushrooms, trassi, macadamia nut, mango, cauliflower, broccoli, brussels sprouts, rice, radish, sukiyaki, sake, watercress, malt, wort, krill, southern pea, loquat, sapodilla, shrimp, oyster, crab, crayfish, clam, scallops, and squid.
Preparation
Dimethyl disulfide can be prepared by the reaction between imethyl sulfate and sodium sulfide. under stirring, sulfur powder was added into sodium sulfide solution. The above reaction system was heated Up to 80-90℃, after reaction for 1 h, cooled to about 30 ℃. Dimethyl sulfate was dropped into the reaction system and the reaction was continued for 2h. Then, distillation, stratification, Separating waste alkali liquor, then through distillation and final products are prepared.In industry,dimethyl sulfate method is adopted to synthesize dimethyl disulfide.Na2S+S→Na2S2Na2S2+(CH3)2SO4→CH3SSCH3+Na2SO4From magnesium methyl iodide and S2Cl2, or from S2S2 and sodium methyl sulfate; also from methyl bromide and sodium thiosulfate, after which the resulting sodium methylthiosulfate is heated to yield dimethyl disulfide.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
DMDS is a reducing agent. A dangerous fire hazard when exposed to oxidizing materials. Emits toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition or on contact with acids [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1320].
Health Hazard
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Fire Hazard
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Flammability and Explosibility
Highlyflammable
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation. A
very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to
heat, flame, or oxidzers. Can react
vigorously with oxiduing materials. See also
SULFIDES.
Purification Methods
Pass it through neutral alumina before use. [Trost Chem Rev 78 363 1978, Beilstein 1 IV 1281.]
Toxicity evaluation
Very little information is available on mechanism of toxicity.
Although the authors of one experimental animal study suggested
that methyl disulfide toxicity resembles that of hydrogen
sulfide, it is not at all clear that cytochrome oxidase inhibition
can result from methyl disulfide exposure. Mechanistically
hydrogen sulfide is classified as a chemical asphyxiant because
of its known ability to disrupt electron transport and oxidative
phosphorylation by interaction with the enzyme cytochrome
oxidase. Other sources classify methyl disulfide a simple
asphyxiant, which means that it is nonreactive with enzymes or
other cell components and simply displaces oxygen in the air.
Some information indicates that neurotoxicity to insects
results when methyl disulfide disrupts calcium-activated
potassium channels in insect pacemaker neurons.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 624-92-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 6,2 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 624-92:
(5*6)+(4*2)+(3*4)+(2*9)+(1*2)=70
70 % 10 = 0
So 624-92-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C2H6S2/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H3
624-92-0Relevant articles and documents
The prototypical organophosphorus ylidion ·CH2PH3+
Schweighofer, Andreas,Chou, Phillip K.,Thoen, Kami K.,Nanayakkara, Vajira K.,Keck, Helmut,Kuchen, Wilhelm,Kentt?maa, Hilkka I.
, p. 11893 - 11897 (1996)
The reactivity of the prototypical phosphorus-containing ylidion (α-distonic ion) ·CH2PH3+ has been investigated in the gas phase by using a dual cell Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. The ion ·CH2PH3+ and its more stable conventional isomer CH3PH2·+ show distinctly different reactivities toward neutral reagents. This observation contrasts the facile interconversion of the analogous sulfur- and oxygen-containing distonic ions ·CH2SH2+ and ·CH2OH2+ with their conventional isomers CH3OH·+ and CH3SH·+, respectively, within collision complexes in the gas phase. Bracketing experiments yield a proton affinity of 190.4 ± 3 kcal mol-1 for the phosphorus atom in ·CH2PH2. Together with a calculated heat of formation for ·CH2PH2, this value yields a heat of formation of 217 ± 3 kcal mol-1 (at 298 K) for the distonic ion ·CH2PH3+.
Characteristic flavor formation of thermally processed N-(1-deoxy-α-D-ribulos-1-yl)-glycine: Decisive role of additional amino acids and promotional effect of glyoxal
Zhan, Huan,Cui, Heping,Yu, Junhe,Hayat, Khizar,Wu, Xian,Zhang, Xiaoming,Ho, Chi-Tang
, (2021/09/28)
The role of amino acids and α-dicarbonyls in the flavor formation of Amadori rearrangement product (ARP) during thermal processing was investigated. Comparisons of the volatile compounds and their concentrations when N-(1-deoxy-α-D-ribulos-1-yl)-glycine r
Preoxidation-assisted nitrogen enrichment strategy to decorate porous carbon spheres for catalytic adsorption/oxidation of methyl mercaptan
Fan, Caimei,Kou, Lifang,Li, Rui,Wang, Rongxian,Wang, Yaqi,Zhang, Changming,Zhang, Xiaochao
, p. 37644 - 37656 (2020/11/02)
Porous carbon spheres with high surface area and microporous structure were synthesized from alkyl phenols and formaldehyde via suspension polymerization and steam activation. The effects of air oxidation and ammonia solution heat treatment on the pore structure and surface chemistry of the carbon spheres were studied for catalytic oxidation of CH3SH. The structure property and surface chemistry of the obtained carbon spheres were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, XRD, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Boehm titration, and then thermal analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to investigate the catalytic oxidation product. Results show that the as-prepared microporous carbon spheres through direct ammonia treatment have a high surface area value of 1710 m2 g-1 and a total pore volume of 0.83 cm3 g-1. Moreover, the preoxidation-assisted nitrogen enrichment strategy not only increases the surface area and total pore volume of the carbon spheres, but also introduces more active nitrogen species such as pyridinic nitrogen and quaternary nitrogen, leading to the highest nitrogen content of 7.13 wt% and the highest CH3SH capacity of 622.8 mg g-1 due to the pyridinic nitrogen and quaternary nitrogen as function of catalysts. In addition, water and oxygen have a beneficial effect on CH3SH oxidation over the nitrogen modified carbon spheres, and the basic oxidation product is CH3SSCH3 that can be further oxidized into CH3SO2SCH3 according to DTG and GC/MS analysis. The great recycling stability after ten cycles with a reserved CH3SH capacity of 97% demonstrates that the porous carbon spheres obtained by preoxidation-assisted enriched nitrogen strategy are promising for catalytic oxidation of CH3SH. This journal is
Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formic Acid in DMSO-based Reaction Media: Solved and Unsolved Challenges for Process Development
Jens, Christian M.,Scott, Martin,Liebergesell, Bastian,Westhues, Christian G.,Sch?fer, Pascal,Franciò, Giancarlo,Leonhard, Kai,Leitner, Walter,Bardow, André
supporting information, p. 307 - 316 (2018/11/10)
Process concepts have been conceived and evaluated for the amine-free homogeneous catalyzed hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid (FA). Base-free DMSO-mediated production of FA has been shown to avoid the formation of stable intermediates and presumably the energy-intensive FA recovery strategies. Here, we address the challenges in the development of an overall process: from catalyst immobilization to the FA isolation. The immobilization of the homogeneous catalyst was achieved using a multiphasic approach (n-heptane/DMSO) ensuring high retention of the catalyst (>99%) and allowing facile separation of the catalyst-free product phase. We show that the strong molecular interactions between DMSO and FA on the one hand shift the equilibrium towards the product side, on the other hand, lead to the formation of an azeotrope preventing a simple isolation step by distillation. Thus, we devised an isolation strategy based on the use of co-solvents and computed the energy demands. Acetic acid was identified as best co-solvent and its compatibility with the catalyst system was experimentally verified. Overall, the outlined process involving DMSO and acetic acid as co-solvent has a computed energy demand on a par with state-of-the art amine-based processes. However, the insufficient chemical stability of DMSO poses major limitations on processes based on this solvent. (Figure presented.).